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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 200-866-1 | CAS number: 75-37-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: This study was selected as the key study because the information provided for the hazard endpoint is sufficient for the purpose of classification and labelling and/or risk assessment.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 975
- Report date:
- 1975
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Male rats were exposed to the test substance at 6.64, 17.52, 31.9, 38.3, and 45.75% for 4 hours and were observed for 14 day after treatment. Gross pathology was performed on surviving rats after 14 days.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test type:
- other: Acute Lethal Concentration (ALC) Test
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1,1-difluoroethane
- EC Number:
- 200-866-1
- EC Name:
- 1,1-difluoroethane
- Cas Number:
- 75-37-6
- Molecular formula:
- C2H4F2
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,1-difluoroethane
- Details on test material:
- - Purity: >99.9%
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: Chr-CD
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: Not reported
- Weight at study initiation: 240-297 g
- Fasting period before study: No
- Housing: Not reported
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Not reported
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Not reported
- Acclimation period: Not reported
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): Not reported
- Humidity (%): Not reported
- Air changes (per hr): Not reported
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): Not reported
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: gas
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- other: unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: Exposure chamber; no further details provided
- Exposure chamber volume: Not reported
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: Not reported
- Source and rate of air: Not reported
- Method of conditioning air: Not reported
- System of generating particulates/aerosols: The gas was regulated through a calibrated flowmeter into a mixing chamber. Regulated flows of air and/or oxygen were used as the carrier gas from the mixing chamber to the exposure chamber. For the exposure with an analytical concentration of 6.64% (v/v), only air was used as the carrier gas. Starting with the 17.52% exposure, the chamber oxygen concentrations were 16-17%, which can cause hypoxemic symptoms. All subsequent exposures had oxygen added in an amount sufficient to maintain a chamber oxygen concentration of ~20%.
- Treatment of exhaust air: Not reported
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: Not reported
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: Atmospheres were sampled at 30-minute intervals and analyzed by thermal conductivity gas chromatography. Concentrations were determined from a standard curve.
- Samples taken from breathing zone: yes - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Thermal conductivity gas chromatography
- Duration of exposure:
- 4 h
- Concentrations:
- 6.64, 17.52, 31.9, 38.3, and 43.75%. (66400, 175200, 319000, 383000, and 437500 ppm)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 6 males per concentration
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations: Not reported
- Frequency of weighings: Not reported
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 43.75 other: % (437500 ppm)
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: Mortality in 2/6 at 43.75% and 1/6 at 38.3%. At ≥ 17.52% lethargy, laboured breathing, reduced responsiveness to sound were observed. At 6.64% only hyperaemia and shallow breathing were observed.
- Mortality:
- Mortality ratio of 1/6 occurred at 38.3% (383000 ppm) and 2/6 occurred at 43.75% (437500 ppm).
- Clinical signs:
- other: Shallow breathing and hyperaemia were observed at 6.64%. During subsequent exposures additional signs observed included laboured breathing, lethargy, and unresponsiveness to sound were observed during exposure. Laboured breathing was more noticeable as
- Gross pathology:
- No gross changes were observed.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The study and the conclusions which are drawn from it fulfil the quality criteria (validity, reliability, repeatability).
4-hour ALC = 38.3% (v/v) with oxygen added to maintain a chamber level of ca. 20% O2. - Executive summary:
Male rats were exposed to 6.64, 17.52, 31.90, 38.3, or 43.75% (v/v) (66400, 175200, 319000, 383000 or 437500 ppm) of the test substance for 4 hours and were observed for 14 days. At the end of 14 days all surviving rats were given a gross necropsy. The 4-hour ALC (approximate lethal concentration) was 38.3% (v/v; 383000 ppm) with oxygen added to maintain a chamber level of ~20%.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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