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EC number: 800-036-4 | CAS number: 1422423-64-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- February from 04th to 18th, 2009
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1992
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-E (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Closed Bottle Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- temporary certificate
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of activated sludge: ALSI (Alto Lambro Servizi Idrici) wastewater treatment plant.
- Laboratory culture: the sludge was aerated and continuously mixed by the means of a magnetic stirrer for 7 days before the start o f the test. The inoculum was held in dark conditions under room temperature until use.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: activated sludge inoculum was filtered before the start of the test.
- Initial cell/biomass concentration: the activated sludge inoculum was diluted in culture medium to get a final concentration of 2 ml/l. - Duration of test (contact time):
- ca. 14 d
- Initial conc.:
- ca. 3 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: 1 ml of stock solution a) and 1 ml of stock solution b), c) and d) will be combined and made up to 1000 ml with mineral water. The pH of test water was 7.76, so adjustment was not needed.
a) KH2PO4 8.50 g/l
K2HPO4 21.75 g/l
Na2HPO4 x 2H2O3 3.40 g/l
NH4Cl 0.50 g/l
b) MgSO4 x 7H2O2 2.50 g/l
c) CaCl2 x 2H2O3 6.40 g/l
d) FeCl3 x 6 H2O 0.25 g/l
- Test temperature: range 20.1 - 21.0°C
- Continuous darkness: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Inoculation: immediately before the test start of the test a proper aliquot of activated sludge inoculum was added to test medium solution in order to obtain a concentration of 2 ml/l.
TEST SOLUTIONS
- Test item: one day before the start of the test 3.5 litres of test item solution at a concentration of 3.0 mg/l was prepared by direct weighting into aqueous test medium. the solution obtained was mixed by the means of magnetic stirrer to obtain a total solubilisation until the start of the test.
- Blank control: only the inoculum was added to 3.5 litre of aqueous test medium.
- Reference item: 2.0 litres of reference item solution at 3.0 mg/l was prepared in aqueous test medium by adding a proper aliquot of a stock solution of 10 g/l.
- Toxicity control: one day before the beginning of the test 2.0 litres of test item solution of a concentration of 3.0 mg/l was prepared by direct weighing into test medium as described for test item preparation, immediately before the start of the test a proper aliquot of a stock solution of reference substance (10 g/l) was diluted into test solution and manually shaken.
EVALUATIONS
- ThOD determination: calculated on the basis of the test item molecular weight and formula.
- Determination of Nitrite and Nitrate: at the beginning, after 7 days and at the end of the test, nitrite and nitrate concentration were photometrically determined after the sample preparation by the means of specific kits.
- Temperature: temperature was registered daily by the means of a digital themqometer.
- Oxygen measurement: the oxygen concentration was done by an electrochemical method in an airtight system with and O2 electrode under constant stirring.
- BOD: it is calculated on the basis of the mg O2/l consumed ratio mg test item/l. - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Test performance:
- The test item has shown to be ready biodegradable under test conditions applied in a closed bottle test.
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- ca. 96.9
- Sampling time:
- 14 d
- Details on results:
- The test item showed a very rapid biodegradation, reaching the pass level of 60 % at 7 day from start of the test period and being stable during the following 7 days.
The study was stopped on the 14th day of incubation, since both the test item and the reference item passed the biodegradation trigger percentage of 60 % after 7 days.
The oxygen consumption due to nitrification was measured and the absence of nitrification was assessed. The ThODNH3 values for test item was calculated to be equal to 1.29 mg O2/mg.
The test item did not show any inhibitory effect on the microorganism activity at the tested concentration as demonstrated by exceeding the 25 % of biodegradation in the toxicity control already at the 7th day of test period. - Results with reference substance:
- The reference compound reached the biodegradation pass level (60 %) already after 7 days showing that the test conditions and the inoculum were appropriate for the use in the study.
The ThODNH3 values for reference was calculated to be equal to 1.66 1.29 mg O2/mg. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Biodegradation (14 days) = 96.9 %
- Executive summary:
Method
The ready biodegradability of the test item was assessed in a 28-day biodegradation test following the “Closed Bottle” method according to the EU Commission Directive 92/69/EEC, Part C.4 E (1992), and the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 301 D, 1992.
For this purpose, the test item was added to activated sludge from the recirculation tank of an civil wastewater treatment plant and let to stay in contact with the sludge for 14 days (the test was stopped before the standard period of 28 days being the biodegradation plateau reached already after 7 days.
The concentration of test item was of 3 mg/L. The biodegradation was followed by the oxygen uptake of the microorganisms during exposure, which was measured at the start of the test and after 7 and 14 days..
Observations
The test item is considered to be stable at the test conditions for a time corresponding to the exposure time. Therefore, all the reported results are related to the nominal concentrations of the test item.
The oxygen consumption due to nitrification was measured and the absence of nitrification was assessed.
The ThODNH3 values for test item and test reference was calculated to be equal to 1.29 mg O2/mg and to 1.66 mg O2/mg respectively.
The test complies with the validity criteria because the average oxygen depletion in the inoculum control (blank) at the end of the test was 1.4 mg O2/L (trigger value = 1.5 mg O2/L), the residual oxygen concentration in the test flasks never drop below 0.5 mg O2/L and the maximum difference of duplicate values for the degradation of the test item was 13.9 % (maximum value = 20 %).
Results
The reference compound reached the biodegradation pass level (60.8%) already after 7 days of incubation, showing that the test conditions were appropriate. Under these conditions, the test item showed to be ready biodegradable, having reached the complete degradation after 7 days of incubation. Moreover, the test item did not show any inhibitory effect on the microorganism activity at the tested concentration as demonstrated by the 61.2 % of biodegradation reached in the toxicity control already at the 7th day of test period.
Reference
Oxygen consumption (mg O2/l) by activated sludge in the bottles
Day of measurement | Inoculum control | Test item | Reference substance | Toxicity control | ||||
A | B | A | B | A | B | A | B | |
0 | 7.14 | 6.99 | 7.20 | 6.98 | 6.83 | 6.91 | 6.74 | 6.77 |
7 | 6.83 | 6.80 | 1.33 | 1.89 | 3.57 | 3.61 | 0.75 | 1.41 |
14 | 5.64 | 5.68 | 2.08 | 1.79 | 0.67 | 1.33 | 0.65 | 0.66 |
BOD values and percentage biodegradation
Day of measurement | BOD | % biodegradation |
Test item |
||
7 | 1.74 | 134.8 |
14 | 1.25 | 96.9 |
Sodium benzoate |
||
7 | 1.01 | 6.8 |
14 | 1.32 | 79.5 |
Test item plus sodium benzoate, toxicity control |
||
7 | 1.81 | 6.2 |
14 | 1.57 | 53 |
VALIDITY OF THE TEST
The test complies with the validity criteria, since the oxygen depletion in the inoculum control after 14 days was 1.40 mg O2/l, the residual oxygen concentration in the test flasks never drop below 0.5 mg O2/l and the maximum difference of duplicate values for the degradation of the test item was 13.9 %. Moreover the reference compound reached the biodegradation pass level (60 %) already after 7 days.
Description of key information
Readily biodegradable
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
The test item has shown to be ready biodegradable under the conditions applied in a closed bottle test, reaching 96.9 % of biodegradation after 14 days.
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