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EC number: 266-024-0 | CAS number: 65996-89-6 The condensation product obtained by cooling, to approximately ambient temperature, the gas evolved in the high temperature (greater than 700°C (1292°F)) destructive distillation of coal. A black viscous liquid denser than water. Composed primarily of a complex mixture of condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons. May contain minor amounts of phenolic compounds and aromatic nitrogen bases.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 983
- Report date:
- 1983
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Experimental photo-toxicity test on humans, objectives: determination of the minimal UVA dose required to induce delayed erythema (minimal phototoxic dose) and the minimal UVA dose required to induce an immediate smarting reaction (minimal smarting dose).
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 8007-45-2
- Cas Number:
- 8007-45-2
- IUPAC Name:
- 8007-45-2
- Reference substance name:
- tar, coal
- IUPAC Name:
- tar, coal
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): crude coal tar (CCT)
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): not applicable, complex mixture
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): not applicable, complex mixture
- Substance type: organic- Physical state: liquid, viscous
- Composition of test material, percentage of components: aromatic hydrocarbons, no data
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Crude coal tar (CCT), not further specified:
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): crude coal tar (CCT)
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): not applicable, complex mixture
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): not applicable, complex mixture
- Substance type: organic- Physical state: liquid, viscous
- Composition of test material, percentage of components: aromatic hydrocarbons, no data
Test animals
- Species:
- human
- Strain:
- other: adults, untanned skin (skin type I - III)
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- volunteers: no history of photosensitivity / not sensitised
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- open
- Preparation of test site:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- other: petrolatum
- Controls:
- other:
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): no data
- Concentration (if solution): 5 %
VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): no data - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Exposure time to tar were 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min for the determination of the corresponding MPD (Minimal Phototoxic UV-Dose with related to irradiation time needed) (Report Fig. 2 and 3).
As standard, 1h-exposure to tar was used for determining effective UV-doses (minimal erytjhema, minimal phototoxic, and minimal smarting doses). - Observation period:
- 24 h post application
- Number of animals:
- - 8 volunteers examined (out of 32 in total for several test settings) for MPD in relation to tar-exposure time (report, Fig 2 and 3).
- Variable number of volunteers in groups from N = 6 to 19 (report, Fig. 4) for determination of specific latency time intervals after removal of the tar, using the MSD of UV radation. - Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: 1-cm diameter aperture for light source.
- Number of sites per individual: 6 separate sites on the backs of 8 subjects
- Type of wrap if used: none
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): Ivory soap, water
- Time after start of exposure: 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min
- Time of UVA exposure: 4 - 60 min - The UV irradiation started after exposure to and removal of tar.
SCORING SYSTEM: no data, probably Draize score (The minimal phototoxic dose was defined as the minimal UVA dose causing 1+ erythema with distinct borders read at 24 h after exposure.)
STATISTICS: Student´s test was used to compare sample means between two samples, and analysios of varience was used to test differences in means between multiple samples. Linear (least squares) regression analysis was used to study the relation between variables.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Remarks:
- minimal phototoxic effect (delayed erythema after 24 h)
- Basis:
- other: humans
- Remarks:
- mean of 8 subjects
- Time point:
- other: 15 min of tar exposure
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: ~30 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: UVA dose 15 +-2 J/cm2
- Remarks:
- No individual results documented (Report, Fig.2).
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Remarks:
- minimal phototoxic effect (delayed erythema after 24 h)
- Basis:
- other: humans
- Remarks:
- mean of 8 subjects
- Time point:
- other: 30 min of tar exposure
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: ~30h
- Remarks on result:
- other: UVA dose 11.2 +- 3.2 J/cm2
- Remarks:
- No individual results documented (Report, Fig. 2).
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Remarks:
- minimal phototoxic effect (delayed erythema after 24 h)
- Basis:
- other: humans
- Remarks:
- mean of 8 subjects
- Time point:
- other: 60 min of tar exposure
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: ~30 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: UVA dose 5.9 +-1.9 J/cm2
- Remarks:
- No individual results documented (Report, Fig.2).
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- The mean minimal phototoxic UVA-dose (1 h) without tar exposure was relatively variable among the volunteers and estimated to be 22.2 +-6.1 J/cm2. The mean effective erythema UVA dose is higher.
Tar application for 30 min followed by 1h-UV-exposure was photosensitising in all 8 subjects. 6/8 showed photosensitisation already after 15 min.(Report, Fig. 2). Coal-tar induced phototoxicity persisted for about 30 h following a 1h application of tar. Phototoxicity measured as minimal phototoxic effect at increasing exposure times to coal-tar followed a log-log response model (Report Fig. 3), which predicts that further increases in the tar exposure time beyond 3 h is unlikely to produce decreases in the minimal effective UV-dose that may be clinically relevant. After a prolonged tar-exposure interval of 2 h, the mean minimal phototoxic UVA-dose (1 h) approximated about 3 J/cm2 (Fig. 2) as lowest value.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- irritating
- Remarks:
- photo-induced skin irritation
- Conclusions:
- irritating following exposure to UV light
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