5-chlorovaleryl chloride

Ecotoxicological Summary

Hazard for aquatic organisms

Freshwater

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (freshwater)

PNEC value:

0.054 mg/L

Assessment factor:

1 000

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases):

0.545 mg/L

Marine water

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (marine water)

PNEC value:

0.005 mg/L

Assessment factor:

10 000

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

STP

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC STP

PNEC value:

100 mg/L

Assessment factor:

10

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

Sediment (freshwater)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (freshwater)

PNEC value:

0.274 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Sediment (marine water)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (marine water)

PNEC value:

0.027 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for terrestrial organisms

Soil

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC soil

PNEC value:

0.023 mg/kg soil dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Additional information

Derivation of PNECs

5 -chlorovaleryl chloride is expected to rapidly hydrolyse in contact with water to form 5 -chlorovaleric acid (CAS 1119 -46 -6) and hydrogen chloride (CAS 7647 -01 -0). Effect values of the hydrolysis product hydrogen chloride were not considered in the derivation of the PNECs since the observed toxicity was not due to the intrinsic properties of the molecule but rather to pH effects.

There are only the results obtained from tests with the parent substance and these are considered for derivation of PNECs. As the substance rapidly hydrolyses it can be assumed that the test performed with the parent substance are in fact tests with the hydrolysis substance.

Conclusion on classification

5 -chlorovaleryl chloride does not need to be classified for the environment.

5 -chlorovaleryl chloride is expected to rapidly hydrolyse in contact with water to form 5 -chlorovaleric acid (CAS 1119 -46 -6) and hydrogen chloride (CAS 7647-01-0). Therefore, also the data on the environmental fate and pathways and aquatic toxicity available for the hydrolysis products is considered for environmental classification.

For 5-chlorovaleryl, short-term aquatic toxicity data is available for two trophic levels (fish and aquatic invertebrates) with a critical effect value of 54.5 mg/L as observed in Dpahnia magna. No long-term data are available. The substance is qualified as readily biodegradable. Based on this information, 5 -chlorovaleric acid needs not be classified for the environment according to regulation EC/1272/2008 (CLP) or according to directive 67/548/EC (DSD).

The hazard of hydrochloric acid for the environment is caused by the proton (pH effect). For this reason the effect of hydrochloric acid on the organisms depends on the buffer capacity of the aquatic ecosystem. There is a possibility that the emission of hydrochloric acid could locally decrease the pH in the aquatic environment. However, normally the pH of effluents is measured frequently to maintain water quality and the range of pH can be managed properly to prevent adverse effects on the aquatic environment. Therefore, a significant decrease of the pH of the receiving water is not expected. Generally the changes in pH of the receiving water should stay within the natural range of the pH, and for this reason, adverse effects on the aquatic environment are not expected due to anthropogenic or naturally occurring hydrochloric acid (OECD SIDS, 2002). For these reasons, hydrogen chloride is not classified for the environment.