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EC number: 202-607-8 | CAS number: 97-77-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 14 November 1983- 28 November 1983
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP-Guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms (C. E. Stephan, Chairman). 1975. Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates and Amphibians. Environmental Pro tection Agency, Ecological Research Series EPA-660/3-75-009
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Oxygen concentration in the TETD test concentrations was slightly lower than 40% (Guideline standard) at 96 hours (33%). However, this fact does not seem to have affected test results
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method:
Test concentrations were prepared based on the total compound.
The test concentrations were obtained by transferring appropriate aliquots of work stock directly to the test chambers.
The solvent control received an aliquot (1.0 ml) of acetone equivalent to that used in the highest test concentration.
The working solution was prepared in acetone.
- Controls: Yes
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): acetone
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): 100% pure acetone solvent (stock solution)
and 53 mg/L (final test solution) on solvent control and the highest test concentration. - Test organisms (species):
- Lepomis macrochirus
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Bluegill sunfish
- Source: Aquatic Control in Seymour, Indiana
- Lot number: ABC lot #4583
- All test fish were held in culture tanks on a 16 hour day-light photoperiod and observed for at least fourteen days prior to testing
- Daily record of fish observations during the holding period was performed
- Length of control group at test termination (length definition, mean, range and SD): 19 (±1.1) mm
- Weight of control group at test termination (mean and range, SD): 0.13 (±0.026) g
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 48 hours
- Acclimation conditions: same as test
- Type and amount of food: no food - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 255 ppm as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 22°C (±1.0)
- pH:
- 8.0-8.3
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 9.4 - 3.8 mg/L (controls, 107 and 43% air saturation respectively)
9.4 - 2.9 mg/L (TETD treatment group, 33% air saturation) - Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0.010, 0.018, 0.032, 0.056 and 0.10 mg/L (nominal)
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: gallon glass vessels containing 15 liters
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 15 liters of solution
- No. of organisms per concentration: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): duplicates
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Well Water at ABC’s Aquatic Bioassay Laboratory:
Dissolved Oxygen: 9.3 ppm
pH: 8.2
Hardness (CaCO3): 255 ppm
Alkalinity (CaCO3): 368 ppm
Conductivity: 500 umhos/cm
Total Axmnonia (NE3): <0 10 ppm
N03-N: 0.15 ppm
Ortho-Phosphate: 0.10 ppm
Aluminum: <0.027 ppm
Arsenic: <0.0002 ppm
Cadmium: <0.0015 ppm
Chromium: <0.004 ppm
Cobalt: <0.005 ppm
Copper: <0.005 ppm
Iron: 0.056 ppm
Lead: 0.0083 ppm
Mercury: <0 0007 ppm
Nickel: <0 007 ppm
Silver: <0 006 ppm
Zinc: <0 013 ppm
Measured organophosphorus a
pesticides
Measured organochlonne a
pesticides plus PCB‘s
a lndividual analyses for these parameters were included in the final report of the study
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: ranging in a logarithmic series from 0.01 to 0.1 mg/l
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0.012, 0.12 and 1.2 mg/l - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Antimycin A
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.075 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.061-0.092 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.071 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.057-0.089 mg/L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.067 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.032-0.1 mg/L
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: Some fish in the TETD concentrations of 0.018 through 0.10 exhibited abnormal effects of surfacing, loss of equilibrium and dark discoloration.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- LC50: 1.3 x 10E-4 mg/l (within the 95% confidence intervals reported in the literature) - Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Mortality rates during the acute toxicity testTETD to Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus)
Percent mortality hours
Concentration (mg/l)
24 hours
48 hours
96 hours
Control
0
0
0
Solvent control
0
0
0
0.010
0
0
0
0.018
0
0
0
0.032
0
0
0
0.056
10
20
20
0.1
90
90
100
Dissolved oxygen saturation at the test temperature of 22°C is 8.8 mg/l and 21°C is 9.0 mg/l
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 07 November 1983-22 November 1983
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP-Guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms (C. E. Stephan, Chairman). 1975. Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates and Amphibians. Environmental Pro tection Agency, Ecological Research Series EPA—660/3-75-009
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.27 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.18—0.56
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.10—0.32
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.10-0.32
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Mortality rates during the acute toxicity test of TETD to Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)
Percent mortality hours
Concentration (mg/l)
24 hours
48 hours
96 hours
Control
0
0
0
Solvent control
0
0
0
0.056
0
0
0
0.1
0
0
0
0.18
0
20
20
0.32
80
100
100
0.56
100
100
100
Dissolved oxygen saturation at the test temperature of 12°C is 10.8 mg/l and 11°C is o 11.1 mg/l.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-GLP OECD guideline study, available as unpublished report, minor restrictions.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Test organisms (species):
- Poecilia reticulata
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 187 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 153-229
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: OECD guideline study, published in literature, minor restrictions in reporting, but otherwise adequate for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- slight modifications
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Poecilia reticulata
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.24-0.43
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
LC50 (96h) = 0.067 mg/L (Lepomis macrochirus)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The acute toxicity of disulfiram (CAS No. 97-77-8) to fish species was investigated in two studies. McAllister and Cohle (1983; key study) tested the effects of this substance on Lepomis macrochirus, following US EPA-660/3-75-009 Guideline, Methods for Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates and Amphibians (1975), under GLP conditions. After 96 hours of exposure, lethal and sublethal effects were observed, resulting in a LC50 = 0.067 mg/L. An additional test (McAllister and Cohle, 1983; Balk, 1991) conducted with another freshwater fish species reported a 96h-LC50 of 0.22 mg/L.
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