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EC number: 226-106-9 | CAS number: 5280-78-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Remarks:
- Dispersion stability in simulated environmental media
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2020
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 020
- Report date:
- 2020
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD 318
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- N,N'-(2-chloro-1,4-phenylene)bis[4-[(2,5-dichlorophenyl)azo]-3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxamide]
- EC Number:
- 226-106-9
- EC Name:
- N,N'-(2-chloro-1,4-phenylene)bis[4-[(2,5-dichlorophenyl)azo]-3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxamide]
- Cas Number:
- 5280-78-4
- Molecular formula:
- C40H23Cl5N6O4
- IUPAC Name:
- N,N'-(2-chloro-1,4-phenylene)bis{4-[(2,5-dichlorophenyl)diazenyl]-3-hydroxy-2-naphthamide}
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Details on test material:
- Name of test substance: Pigment Red 144
Chemical Name: N,N'-(2-chloro-1,4-phenylene)bis{4-[(2,5-dichlorophenyl)diazenyl]-3-hydroxy-2-naphthamide}
Batch identification: 04934HM7
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
At any of the time points mentioned in the TG-318, the influence of Ca is critical. Regardless of pH, the pigment is
categorized at the 24h-sampling time as “instable” in 10 mM Ca, representing high water hardness.
At 6h, most media with 0 or 1 mM Ca induce stability on the level of 85-93%, and only one medium (1 mM Ca, pH 4induces a stability of 25%. Stability in 10 mM at regardless pH value is low
At 24h, all media at pH 7 and pH 9 in 0 mM Ca and 1 mM Ca induce an intermediate stability. The difference between pH 7 and pH 9 is low, but pH 4 systematically induces a lower stability.
Table 1: Full results of the dispersion stability in the presence of NOM
Ca(NO3)2 |
Stability after 6h |
Standard deviation |
Stability after 15h |
Standard deviation |
Stability after 24h |
Standard deviation |
|
[mM] |
[%] |
[%] |
[%] |
[%] |
[%] |
[%] |
|
pH 4 |
0 |
85.4 |
2.5 |
75.8 |
5.0 |
68.4 |
6.7 |
pH 4 |
1 |
25.3 |
0.5 |
11.1 |
0.9 |
7.7 |
0.3 |
pH 4 |
10 |
13.3 |
1.1 |
6.8 |
0.7 |
5.0 |
0.5 |
pH 7 |
0 |
92.7 |
0.1 |
90.2 |
0.2 |
87.7 |
0.1 |
pH 7 |
1 |
91.4 |
0.8 |
89.7 |
1.4 |
87.4 |
1.7 |
pH 7 |
10 |
10.6 |
1.0 |
5.1 |
0.5 |
3.8 |
0.3 |
pH 9 |
0 |
93.3 |
1.1 |
92.4 |
0.5 |
90.3 |
0.6 |
pH 9 |
1 |
85.9 |
1.2 |
81.8 |
0.5 |
78.8 |
0.9 |
pH 9 |
10 |
12.3 |
0.1 |
6.0 |
0.5 |
4.6 |
0.4 |
To rationalize the observed dispersion stability, the particle size distribution directly in the environmental medium (exact same sample preparation as for the UV/VIS measurements) was checked.
The NanoDefine method of Analytical Ultracentrifugation (SOP AUC-RI, published by 3) was applied. The centrifugation parameters are given above.
The observed size distributions confirm the moderate agglomeration at 1 mM Ca, pH7, with NOM (Figure 4). If the particles would have been significantly dissolved, no size distribution would be observable at all by this method, which relies on the detection of the movement of particles during centrifugal separation.
Additionally, the centrifugation methods include a determination of the remaining absorption after centrifugation, fully consistent with the conventional determination of the dissolved fraction after centrifugation as recommended by the TG-318. The remaining absorption was measured at c.a 0.03. This is a fraction of 2% of the initial absorption, but actually is close to the LOD of the built-in UV/Vis detector. Considering the LOD, between 0% and 2% of the sample may have been dissolved.
All evidence combined, the results after centrifugation confirm that at least 98% of the observed dispersion stability has to be attributed to the particles, not to dissolution.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
The dispersion stability of the pigment was dependent especially on pH and water hardness. Dissolution was excluded as the main cause of the apparent stability. In very hard water with 10 mM Ca and at pH 4 with 1 mM Ca, the dispersion stability was low. At all other conditions, the stability was at least intermediate.
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