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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 203-474-9 | CAS number: 107-22-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Sensitisation
The testing of a skin-sensitising effect of pure glyoxal occurred on 20 female Pirbroght-White guinea pigs in the maximisation test according to Magnusson and Kligman. For the induction, the animals were intradermally administered 0.1 ml of a 20 % aqueous glyoxal solution into the shoulder area and one week later, were epicutaneously administered (occlusively) ca. 0.3 g of a 40 % glyoxal solution into the intradermal administration locally (occlusively) on the shaven flank with 0.15 g of a 10 % aqueous glyoxal solution. 24 hours after the application, the intradermal induction caused formation of clearly dilated erythemas and oedemas as well as necrotic skin changes.
One guinea pig died after the intradermal induction. The percutaneous induction led to necrotic skin changes and to formation of clearly defined erythemas and, in addition, one animal a slight oedema. 7 of 19 test animals exhibited slight erythemas. In the control groups no findings were observed.
Thus, glyoxal showed a sensitising effect on the skin of guinea pigs (BASF, 1987).
Another maximisation test with glyoxal according to Magnusson and Kligman was conducted on female Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs. The intradermal and dermal induction took place with 10 % and the dermal challenge with 5 % aqueous solution. 86 % of the guinea pigs (no data on the animal number) showed a positive reaction which was evaluated to be very strong (Foussereau et al., 1992).
In the Bühler test on guinea pigs, 40 % glyoxal was likewise proven to be sensitising (no further detail (American Cyanamid Company, 1988). In the murine Local Lymph Node essay (LLNA) , the positive results observed with Glyoxal confirmed that Glyoxal can be considerd as a sensitiser. (Basketter and al, 1994)
The sensitive nature of glyoxal was furthermore confirmed in several experiences with humans.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Justification for classification or non-classification
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