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EC number: 258-420-7 | CAS number: 53185-52-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 27 April 2012 - 18 May 2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples analysis were taken from each test solution and the control (on one replicate vessel).
Frequency: in fresh media on day 0, day 12 and day 19; in old media on day 3, day 14 and day 21. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: An amount of 80 mg test substance was diluted in 2000 mL Elendt M4 media (stock solution concentration: 40.0 mg/L). The test solutions were prepared by appropriate dilution of this stock solution. The test solutions used in the test were prepared without the use of a solubilising agent, by mechanical dispersion. Test solutions were renewed three times a week, based on the stability of the test substance.
- Controls: test medium without test item or other additives. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain: Straus
- Source: National Institute of Public Health 1097 Budapest Gyali u. 2-6 Hungary. Culture used for the test do not contain ephippia, no mortality was observed within the stock culture 2 days before the start of the test and daphnids were not used in any portion of a previous test.
- Age at study initiation: <24 hours
- Feeding during test: once per day with concentrated algal suspension of Pseudokirclmeriella subcapitata, corresponding to 0.15 mg C/Daphnia/day.
- Number of animals: 10 per concentration and for the control, parent animals were maintained individually, one per test vessels with 80 mL of test solution in each vessel.
BREEDING:
- Breeding conditions: in Ecotoxicological Laboratory of CiToxLAB Hungary Ltd., in the same medium as the test.
- Acclimation: To avoid the necessity of adaptation prior to the test the quality of water used was similar to the culture media. - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Hardness:
- > 140 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 20.5 - 21.1 °C throughout the test
- pH:
- 7.6 - 8.0 throughout the test
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.0-8.8 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Based on the results of the range-finding test the following test concentrations were assigned to the definitive test:
Nominal concentrations: 2.5, 5.0, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L
Measured concentrations: for detailed measured concentrations see table 1. Measured concentrations ranged from 94-103% of nominal and in one case 117% of nominal. Based on these results, the final effect concentrations were based on nominal concentrations. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel fill volume: ca. 80 mL
- Aeration: no
- Renewal rate of test solution: 2-3 days; When the medium was renewed a second series of test vessels were prepared and the parent animals transferred to them by a pipette of suitable diameter. The volume of
test medium transferred with the Daphnia was minimised.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1 neonate daphnid
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Elendt M4 media
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Temperature, oxygen concentration and pH were measured once a week in fresh and old media, in the control and in the highest test item concentration. Hardness was determined at each renewal period in fresh and old media, in the control and in the highest test item concentration.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h photoperiod daily
- Light intensity: within the range of 15-20 µE m^2/s
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: EC50, NOEC and LOEC for reproduction, mortality and growth
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations for range finding study: 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 37.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95%-CI: 26.8-52.9
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 40 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 40 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Details on results:
- - No mortality was observed in any of the test groups
- There was a statistically significant difference between the reproductive output of the parent animals per day at the two highest concentration groups of 20 and 40 mg/L compared to the control (Dunnett's Test, α=0.05).
- Aborted eggs, dead offspring, males or ephippia were not found during the study.
- The average cumulative number of young per parent animal in the control was 199.2 with a variation coefficient of 24.05%
- Reproductive output of parent animals and reproductive output per animal were both significantly reduced at the highest test concentrations (20 and 40 mg/L). - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- For the assessment of the reproductive output of the parent animals analysis of variance (AN OVA) was performed and the mean for each concentration was compared with the control mean using an appropriate multiple comparison method (Dunnett's test). For the analysis of the mean body length of test animals the Dunnett's tests was used by TOXSTAT (version 3.5) software.
Mortality was not observed neither in the control and in any test item treated groups during the study, therefore statistical analysis was not performed on the mortality data. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- There was no mottality in the control group. The mean number of live offspring per parent animal surviving in the control at the end of the test was 119.20 with a variation coefficient of24.05 %. No ephippia was observed during the test.
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the present study Equamide M100 did not cause mortaility or affect growth of Daphnia magna. The 21-day LC50 of parents was > 40 mg/L. Reproduction was affected at 20 and 40 mg/L, the 21-day EC50 for reproduction was 37.6 mg/L. The overall NOEC was 10 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
A study was performed to assess the effect of Equamide M100 on the reproduction of Daphnia magna.The method followed that described in the OECD TG No 211.
A stock solution was prepared at 40 mg/L and stirred mechanically, this solution was used ad the highest concentration. Lower concentrations used in the final test were prepared by dilution and were 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 mg/L. 10 daphnids (< 24 hours) per concentration were exposed for 21 days, under semi-static conditions. Test solutions were renewed every 2 -3 days, based on the stability of test item in test medium. Samples were taken from fresh solutions on day 0, 12 and 19 and from old solutions on day 3, 14 and 21 and were analysed to determine actual concentrations of test item. Results showed measured concentrations were 94 -117% of nominal concentrations. Consequently, the results were based on nominal concentrations.
No mortality was observed in the control and any of the treatment groups. Reproduction was statistically significant reduced at 20 and 40 mg/L. The 21 -day EC50 for reproduction was 37.6 mg/L. No effect on growth was observed. Under the conditions of the present study Equamide M100 did not affect reproduction and growth of Daphnia magna at 10 mg/L after 21 days of exposure (NOEC).
The study met the acceptability criteria and was considered valid.
Reference
Table 1 Measured concentrations
|
Nominal concentration (mg/L) |
Measured concentration (mg/L) with 95% confidence interval |
Percentage of nominal |
27 April 2012 |
Control |
n.d. |
n.a. |
2.5 |
2.51± 0.03 |
100 |
|
5.0 |
5.02± 0.02 |
100 |
|
10 |
10.3± 0.44 |
103 |
|
20 |
20.4± 0.06 |
102 |
|
40 |
40.3± 0.15 |
101 |
|
30 April 2012 |
Control |
n.d. |
n.a. |
2.5 |
2.92± 0.35 |
117 |
|
5.0 |
4.90± 0.12 |
98 |
|
10 |
9.63± 0.12 |
96 |
|
20 |
19.7± 0.73 |
99 |
|
40 |
38.5± 1.09 |
96 |
|
09 May 2012 |
Control |
n.d. |
n.a. |
2.5 |
2.51± 0.01 |
100 |
|
5.0 |
5.04± 0.02 |
101 |
|
10 |
10.1± 0.02 |
101 |
|
20 |
20.0± 0.03 |
100 |
|
40 |
39.5± 0.15 |
99 |
|
11 May 2012 |
Control |
n.d. |
n.a. |
2.5 |
2.58± 0.18 |
103 |
|
5.0 |
4.99± 0.11 |
100 |
|
10 |
9.94± 0.21 |
99 |
|
20 |
20.4± 0.79 |
102 |
|
40 |
10.0± 0.81 |
100 |
|
16 May 2012 |
Control |
n.d. |
n.a. |
2.5 |
2.45± 0.04 |
98 |
|
5.0 |
4.99± 0.07 |
100 |
|
10 |
10.1± 0.11 |
101 |
|
20 |
20.4± 0.09 |
102 |
|
40 |
40.7± 0.21 |
102 |
|
18 May 2012 |
Control |
n.d. |
n.a. |
2.5 |
2.43± 0.13 |
97 |
|
5.0 |
4.72± 0.06 |
94 |
|
10 |
9.38± 0.16 |
94 |
|
20 |
19.2± 0.75 |
96 |
|
40 |
38.0± 0.55 |
95 |
n.d.: not detected
n.a.: not applicable
Table 2 Summary of reproductive output of the parent animals
Concentration (mg/L) |
Mean number of living offspring/parent animal |
SD |
CV (%) |
Reduction (%) |
Significance |
Control |
119.2 |
24.1 |
20.18 |
- |
- |
2.5 |
108.8 |
40.6 |
37.27 |
8.7 |
n.s. |
5 |
97.9 |
35.9 |
36.29 |
17.9 |
n.s. |
10 |
94.1 |
14.7 |
15.58 |
21.1 |
n.s. |
20 |
75.4 |
41.8 |
55.42 |
36.7 |
* |
40 |
56.6 |
21.6 |
38.15 |
52.5 |
* |
SD : standard deviation
CV (%) : variation coefficient
* : statistically significantly different compared to the
control (Dunnett's Test,α=0.05)
n.s.: : statistically not significantly different compared to the
control (Dunnett's Test,α=0.05)
Table 3 Reproductive output of the parent animals per day
Concentration (mg/L) |
Mean number of living offspring/parent animal |
SD |
CV (%) |
Reduction (%) |
Significance |
Control |
8.45 |
1.7 |
19.66 |
- |
- |
2.5 |
8.11 |
3.1 |
37.87 |
4.0 |
n.s. |
5 |
6.99 |
2.6 |
36.74 |
17.2 |
n.s. |
10 |
6.67 |
1.0 |
15.25 |
21.0 |
n.s. |
20 |
5.45 |
3.0 |
55.83 |
35.5 |
* |
40 |
4.14 |
1.6 |
37.58 |
51.0 |
* |
SD : standard deviation
CV (%) : variation coefficient
* : statistically significantly different compared to the
control (Dunnett's Test,α=0.05)
n.s.: : statistically not significantly different compared to the
control (Dunnett's Test,α=0.05)
Description of key information
A study was performed to assess the effect of Equamide M100 on the reproduction of Daphnia magna. The method followed that described in the OECD TG No 211.
A stock solution was prepared at 40 mg/L and stirred mechanically, this solution was used ad the highest concentration. Lower concentrations used in the final test were prepared by dilution and were 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 mg/L. 10 daphnids (< 24 hours) per concentration were exposed for 21 days, under semi-static conditions. Test solutions were renewed every 2 -3 days, based on the stability of test item in test medium. Samples were taken from fresh solutions on day 0, 12 and 19 and from old solutions on day 3, 14 and 21 and were analysed to determine actual concentrations of test item. Results showed measured concentrations were 94 -117% of nominal concentrations. Consequently, the results were based on nominal concentrations.
No mortality was observed in the control and any of the treatment groups. Reproduction was statistically significant reduced at 20 and 40 mg/L. The 21 -day EC50 for reproduction was 37.6 mg/L. No effect on growth was observed. Under the conditions of the present study Equamide M100 did not affect reproduction and growth of Daphnia magna at 10 mg/L after 21 days of exposure (NOEC).
The study met the acceptability criteria and was considered valid.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 10 mg/L
Additional information
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