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EC number: 270-616-4 | CAS number: 68459-67-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study with acceptable restrictions (no purity)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Direct dispersion in culture medium. A 640 mg/L stock solution was prepared in culture medium and serial dilutions produced the required test concentrations. - Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Green algae
- Strain: CCAP 276/20 - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 24 °C
- pH:
- at test start 8.0
at test end 7.5 - 10.3 - Dissolved oxygen:
- Medium was air-saturated at test start.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: conical flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed (loosely stoppered)
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: size: 250 mL, fill volume: 100 mL
- Shaking: Orbital shaker, 100 rpm
- Initial cells density of control: 2.17E04 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 7.99E05 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes, AAP medium according to guideline
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH of each vessel was measured at test start and test end
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: continuous light
- Light intensity and quality: approx. 7000 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): Cell densities were determined at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h.
- Determination of cell concentrations: Cell counting using a Haemocytometer
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2x - Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 86 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 75 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 20 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- The results of the test solution analysis showed an increasing carbon concentration with increasing nominal test concentration. The results also showed that there was no significant change in carbon concentration observed over the 72 h exposure period and this was taken to demonstrate the stability of the test preparations employed during the period of exposure.
OBSERVATION OF ABNORMALITIES
- Colour differences: Colourless cells at 160 and 320 mg/L
- Aggregation of algal cells: yes, at 160 and 320 mg/L
- Observation of pH-shift: The pH values of the control and test cultures changed from 8.0 at test start to 7.5 to 10.3 at test end. This effect is considered to be due to the large numbers of algal cells in the log phase of growth respiring oxygen and producing carbonates and bicarbonates as part of photosynthesis which in solution give alkaline conditions. This effect is not considered to affect the integrity of the study given that the cell density of the control cultures increased by a factor 03 37 during the test. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Statistical analysis using a Students t-test was carried out on the area under the growth curve data for the control and all test concentrations. There were no statistically significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) between the control and 20 mg/L test concentration, however all other test concentrations were significantly different (P < 0.05), and therefore the NOEC is given as 20 mg/L.
Reference
Table 1: Inhibition of Growth from the Exposure of S. subspicatus to the test substance for 72 h
Nominal Concentration (mg/L) |
Area under curve at 72 h |
% Inhibition |
Growth rate (0-24 h) |
% Inhibition |
Control |
1.70E07 |
- |
0.051 |
- |
20 |
1.72E07 |
+1 |
0.053 |
+4 |
40 |
1.37E07 |
19 |
0.043 |
16 |
80 |
9.18E06 |
46 |
0.019 |
63 |
160 |
4.79E05 |
97 |
0.000 |
100 |
320 |
-7.64E04 |
100 |
-0.005 |
110 |
Table 2: Results from Total Organic Carbon (TOC) Analysis
Samples |
Nominal Concentration (mg/L) |
Concentration of TOC corrected for control (mg C/L) |
0 h |
20 |
11.75 |
40 |
24.19 |
|
80 |
50.21 |
|
160 |
100.95 |
|
320 |
194.65 |
|
72 h |
20 |
10.30 |
40 |
21.66 |
|
80 |
46.11 |
|
160 |
86.60 |
|
320 |
191.37 |
Description of key information
The study was conducted according to OECD 201.
NOEC (72h) = 20 mg/L (algal growth rate and biomass)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 20 mg/L
Additional information
The study with Castor oil, ester with glycerol (CAS 68459-67-6) was performed according to OECD 201 (GLP compliance not specified) under static conditions using the freshwater algaeDesmodesmus subspicatusas test organism. The algae were exposed to nominal concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 mg/L over a period of 72h. The test concentrations were prepared by direct dispersion in culture medium. 320 mg of test material was dispersed in culture medium and the volume adjusted to 500 ml to give a 640 mg/L stock solution. Serial dilutions made from this stock solution were made to produce 320, 160, 80 and 40 mg/L stock solutions. 150 ml of the 40, 80, 160, 320 and 640 mg/L stock solutions were mixed with 150 ml algal suspension to give the required test concentrations of 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 mg/L The stability of the test substance was verified by TOC analysis. Based on the algal growth a NOEC (72 h) of 20 mg/L was determined. Algal growth rate and biomass were reduced at test concentrations > 20 mg/L. The reported effect concentrations are higher than the determined water solubility of the test substance (WS:<0.6µg - 10 mg/L at pH 6.3). Thus detrimental effects are not expected up to the limit of water solubility of Castor oil, ester with glycerol (CAS 68459-67-6).
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