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EC number: 280-960-7 | CAS number: 83817-60-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 25 - 31 Jan 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 017
- Report date:
- 2017
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- 22 July 2010
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.42 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- 30 May 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- OGYÉI, Országos Gyógyszerészeti és Élelmezés-egészségügyi Intézet, Budapest, Hungary
- Type of study:
- mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ethyl 9-oxo-9H-thioxanthene-2-carboxylate
- EC Number:
- 280-960-7
- EC Name:
- Ethyl 9-oxo-9H-thioxanthene-2-carboxylate
- Cas Number:
- 83817-60-1
- Molecular formula:
- C16H12O3S
- IUPAC Name:
- ethyl 9-oxo-9H-thioxanthene-2-carboxylate
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature, dry conditions, protected from heat and direct sunlight
FORM AS APPLIED IN THE TEST (if different from that of starting material)
liquid
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- CBA/Ca
- Remarks:
- Ola Hsd
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Toxi-Coop ZRT., Budapest, Hungary
- Females nulliparous and non-pregnant: yes
- Age at study initiation: 12 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 18.5 - 21.7 g
- Housing: 4 animals per cage in Type II. Polypropylene / polycarbonate cages with deep wood sawdust bedding
- Diet: ssniff® Rat/Souris-Elevage E complete diet for rats and mice (ssniff Spezialdiäten GmbH, Soest, Germany), ad libitum
- Water: tap water, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 21 d
- Indication of any skin lesions: no
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 ± 3
- Humidity (%): 30 – 70
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 / 12
- IN-LIFE DATES: From: 25 To: 31 Jan 2016
Study design: in vivo (LLNA)
- Vehicle:
- dimethylformamide
- Concentration:
- 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2.5 %
- No. of animals per dose:
- 4 (controls), 4 (test groups)
- Details on study design:
- PRE-SCREEN TESTS:
In the pre-screen test, three concentrations (0.5, 1 and 2.5% solution in DMF) were selected, and 25 μl each dose formulation were applied on the ears of each animal, 2 mice for each concentration, once a day for 3 consecutive days. The general conditions of the animal including an observation of the application site were performed during the preliminary test. As a result, no animals showed any abnormalities.
The body weights and ear thickness were measured before the initial application and on Day 6, the ear thickness additionally on Day 3. None of the animals showed any signs of significant irritation (indicated by an erythema score ≥ 3) or any changes deviating from the criteria of ear thickness (less than 25% increase in ear thickness). 1 out of 2 animals of the 1% treatment group showed a body weight decrease of 6% (more than the criteria of body weights (less than 5%)), but the effect was considered not treatment related (the only significant body weight changes observed in all dose groups).
From the results mentioned above and due to solubility reasons, 2.5% (w/v) was selected as the maximum concentration for the main study. Three lower concentrations of 0.25, 0.5 and 1% were tested additionally.
- Compound solubility: 2.5%
- Irritation: no
- Systemic toxicity: no
- Ear thickness measurements:yes, less than 25% increase in ear thickness
- Erythema scores: 0 (each test group, each time point)
MAIN STUDY
ANIMAL ASSIGNMENT AND TREATMENT
- Name of test method: 3H-methyl-thymidine incorporation, determined by β-scintillation
- Criteria used to consider a positive response: A substance is regarded as a sensitizer in the LLNA, if the Stimulation Index (SI) is ≥ 3.
TREATMENT PREPARATION AND ADMINISTRATION:
25 μl of each dose formulation were applied to the dorsal skin of each ear of each animal once a day for 3 days. On day 6, 20 μCi 3H-methyl-thymidine, contained in 250 μL of 1 x PBS, was administered intravenously to each mouse via the tail vein with a 1 mL sterile syringe. 5 h (± 30 minutes) after administration, local lymph nodes of each group were pooled and collected separately. Then a single cell suspension of lymph node cells was prepared by gentle mechanical disaggregation of the lymph nodes through a cell strainer using the plunger of a disposable syringe. After pelletation and two washing steps with PBS, the macromolecules were precipitated with 3 mL of 5% trichloroacetic acid at 2 - 8 °C for approximatively 18 hours. The amount of 3HTdR incorporation was measured by a liquid scintillation analyzer (Tri-Carb 3100TR).
ASSAY ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
- Lymph nodes from all 4 animals in each dose groups were pooled for a valid experiment.
- All 4, but at least 3, test item concentrations are available.
- Skin sensitizing effect was observed at the applied concentration of the positive control (SI ≥ 3)
EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS
DPM (disintegration per minute) was measured for each treatment group. The measured DPM values were corrected with the background DPM value (named as Group DPM): the average of the two measured DPM values of 5 % (w/v) TCA solution was used as the background DPM value. The results were expressed as DPM/mouse (Group DPM values devided by the number of animals (actually 4) per groups). The stimulation index (SI = the DPM/mouse of a treated (positive control or test item) group divided by the DPM/mouse of the respective negative control group) for each treatment group was also calculated. A stimulation index of 3 or greater is an indication of a positive result. Dose-response relationship was evaluated by linear regression using SI values. All calculations were made by Microsoft Excel Software.
Based on the results an EC3 value (dose calculated to induce a stimulation index of 3) of the test item was not calculated.
INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
The test item is considered as a skin sensitizer, if:
Exposure to at least one concentration of the test item resulted in an incorporation of 3HTdR to at least 3-fold or greater than recorded in control mice (indicated by SI ≥ 3). However, the strength of the dose-response, the statistical significance and the consistency of the solvent/vehicle and positive control responses may also be used when determining whether a borderline result is declared positive. - Positive control substance(s):
- hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (CAS No 101-86-0)
- Statistics:
- Mean values and standard deviations were calculated.
Results and discussion
- Positive control results:
- The positive control substance (25% α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde in AOO) induced a positive reaction, determined by a DPM/animal of 17605.9 compared to 1287.9 DPM/animal in the vehicle control group of the positive control, leading to a SI of 13.7. No abnormal clinical signs, erythema on the ears or body weight changes were observed. The lymph nodes were however larger than those in the respective vehicle control group.
In vivo (LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 1
- Test group / Remarks:
- vehicle control group for test item: DMF
- Key result
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 0.5
- Test group / Remarks:
- 0.25% test group
- Key result
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 1
- Test group / Remarks:
- 0.5% test group
- Key result
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 0.8
- Test group / Remarks:
- 1 % test group
- Key result
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 0.5
- Test group / Remarks:
- 2.5 % test group
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 1
- Test group / Remarks:
- vehicle control group for positive control: AOO
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 13.7
- Test group / Remarks:
- positive control group
- Cellular proliferation data / Observations:
- CELLULAR PROLIFERATION DATA: Visually larger lymph nodes compared to the respective vehicle controls (AOO or DMF) were observed in the positive control group only. Appearance of the lymph nodes was normal in both vehicle control groups and in the test groups.
No significant lymphoproliferation (i.e. no SI ≥ 3) was observed for the test item at treatment concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2.5% (w/v). No dose-related response was observed.
DETAILS ON STIMULATION INDEX CALCULATION: SI = DPM/mouse of a treated group divided by the DPM/mouse of the respective negative control group (DPM/Mouse = Group DPM/4; Group DPM = measured DPMgroup - average DPMbackground; Average DPMbackground = 23.5)
EC3 CALCULATION: Based on the results of the test item (SI = 0.5 - 1) no EC3 value (dose calculated to induce a stimulation index of 3) of the test item was calculated.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS:
No mortality or symptoms of systemic toxicity were observed in any treatment group. No signs of irritation (indicated by an erythema score ≥ 3) or any other local effect were observed in any treatment group. Lymph node appearance was not altered.
BODY WEIGHTS:
Body weights, decreased by ≥ 5 %, were observed only in 2/4 animals of the vehicle control group for the positive control substance (AOO: -5 and -6%).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Stimulation index in mice after application of the vehicles (AOO and DMF), test substance (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5% in DMF) or positive control substance (25% HCA in AOO)
Compound |
Concentration [%] |
DPM/ animal |
Stimulation index |
Judgement |
DMF |
100 |
1143.1 |
1.0 |
- |
Test substance |
0.25 |
582.6 |
0.5 |
Negative |
0.5 |
1120.4 |
1.0 |
Negative |
|
1.0 |
930.6 |
0.8 |
Negative |
|
2.5 |
612.1 |
0.5 |
Negative |
|
AOO |
100 |
1287.9 |
1.0 |
- |
HCA |
25 |
17605.9 |
13.7 |
Positive |
AOO = Acetone: Olive oil 4:1 (v/v) mixture (vehicle used for the positive control substance HCA)
DMF = N,N -Dimethylformamide (vehicle used for the test substance)
HCA = α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde
- = Not applicable
Table 2: Body weight after application of the vehicle (AOO/DMF), test substance (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5% in DMF) or positive control substance (25% HCA in AOO)
Compound |
Concentration [%] |
Animal ID No. |
Body weight |
||
Day 1 [g] |
Day 6 [g] |
Change [%] |
|||
DMF |
100 |
1 |
20.4 |
21.6 |
6 |
2 |
19.4 |
19.8 |
2 |
||
3 |
20.6 |
19.9 |
-3 |
||
4 |
18.5 |
17.7 |
-4 |
||
Mean ± SD |
19.7 ± 1.0 |
19.8 ± 1.6 |
0 |
||
Test substance |
0.25 |
5 |
21.4 |
20.6 |
-4 |
6 |
19.3 |
18.9 |
-2 |
||
7 |
18.6 |
18.7 |
1 |
||
8 |
19.8 |
20.1 |
2 |
||
Mean ± SD |
19.8 ± 1.2 |
19.6 ± 0.9 |
-1 |
||
0.5 |
9 |
21.7 |
21.8 |
0 |
|
10 |
19.7 |
20.1 |
2 |
||
11 |
18.9 |
18.5 |
-2 |
||
12 |
19.4 |
19.2 |
-1 |
||
Mean ± SD |
19.9 ± 1.2 |
19.9 ± 1.4 |
0 |
||
1 |
13 |
21.3 |
21.7 |
2 |
|
14 |
19.0 |
19.5 |
3 |
||
15 |
19.8 |
20.0 |
1 |
||
16 |
19.1 |
19.1 |
0 |
||
Mean ± SD |
19.8 ± 1.1 |
20.1 ± 1.1 |
1 |
||
2.5 |
17 |
21.7 |
22.4 |
3 |
|
18 |
18.9 |
18.7 |
-1 |
||
19 |
19.8 |
19.1 |
-4 |
||
20 |
19.3 |
18.8 |
-3 |
||
Mean ± SD |
19.9 ± 1.2 |
19.8 ± 1.8 |
-1 |
||
AOO |
100 |
21 |
20.5 |
19.9 |
-3 |
22 |
18.7 |
17.6 |
-6 |
||
23 |
20.8 |
19.8 |
-5 |
||
24 |
19.4 |
20.1 |
4 |
||
Mean ± SD |
19.9 ± 1.0 |
19.4 ± 1.2 |
-3 |
||
HCA |
25 |
25 |
19.1 |
19.1 |
0 |
26 |
18.5 |
18.6 |
1 |
||
27 |
20.9 |
21.3 |
2 |
||
28 |
20.0 |
19.5 |
-3 |
||
Mean ± SD |
19.6 ± 1.1 |
19.6 ± 1.2 |
0 |
AOO = Acetone: Olive oil 4:1 (v/v) mixture
DMF = N,N -Dimethylformamide
HCA = α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde
SD = Standard deviation
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: CLP/ EU GHS criteria not met, no classification required according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
- Conclusions:
- CLP not classified
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