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EC number: 616-328-8 | CAS number: 76359-37-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- The complete read across justification is detailed in section 13. Test substance is an isomer of the substance under registration; structural difference is not expected to significantly impact the toxicity to algae.
- Justification for type of information:
- Details for read across approach are included into the IUCLID section 13
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
Reference
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- other: experimental study: source of read-across study record
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- The complete read across justification is detailed in section 13. Test substance is an isomer of the substance under registration; structural difference is not expected to significantly impact the toxicity to algae.
- Justification for type of information:
- Details for read across approach are included into the IUCLID section 13
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The method described in the Council Directive 92/69/EEC (O.J. No. L383A, 29.12.92) Part C, Method 3 'Algal inhibition test' assesses adverse effects (inhibition of growth and growth rate) of various concentrations of a test substance to a unicellular planktonic freshwater algal species. The instruction for the performance of a modified algal growth inhibition test published by Memmert & Knoell (RCC Umweltchemie, August 1992) is the description of a test method suitable to distinguish between algistatic (indirect effects caused by light absorption) and algicide (toxic) effects.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Remarks:
- TOC determination
- Details on sampling:
- Control: at 0 and 72 hours
Test concentrations: at 0 and 72 hours - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- A stock solution was prepared to give the desired series of test concentrations. To achieve this 249.9 mg of the test substance were added to 2 litres of dilution water and treated for 1 h on a magnetic stirrer.
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Source (laboratory, culture collection): Non-axenic strain of the test species obtained from the Collection of Algal Cultures' of the Institute of Plant Physiology at the University of Gottingen (Gennany)
- Maintenance of stock cultures: Exponentially-growing stock cultures are maintained in the test facility under constant temperature conditions (23 +/- 2°C) at a light intensity in the range 60 - 120 µE. x m·2 x s·1 (measured in the range 400 to 700 nm using a spherical quantum flux meter). The nutrient medium (according to BRINGMANN & KOHN (1977) is renewed once a week. Cell density measurements are made using a microcell counter.
- Preparation of pre-cultures: Pre-cultures are set up three days before the start of a test. They are grown under identical exposure conditions as the stock cultures, except from the use of a different nutrient medium (annex 1).
- Test cultures: The algal inocula for a test are taken from an exponentially-growing pre-culture and are mixed with the nutrient medium (annex 1) to make up to a final cell density of about 104 cells per millilitre in the test concentrations and the control medium ( compare figure 1). - Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 21 °C to 25°C, maintained at +/- 2°C
- pH:
- The pH is measured at the beginning of the test and at 72 hours.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1.0, 2.1, 4.6, 10.3, 22.7 and 50 mg/I (nominal)
- Details on test conditions:
- - Test vessel: 200 ml glass beakers, height: 9.5 cm, diameter: 5.5 cm;
Glass vessel, height 4 cm, diameter 8 cm
Black plastic container, height 13 cm, diameter 9.5cm
- Light intensity and quality: At the average of the test solutions, a light intensity in the range 60 to 120 µE. x m-2 x s-1, or an equivalent range of 6.000 to 10.000 Ix, is recommended to use.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: Cell densities are measured in a microcell counter or alternatively, are determined by means of a microscopic counting chamber.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS.
- 6 test concentrations ( for part I and II) plus I control 3 replicates per concentration, 6 replicates per control
- Initial cell density in the test cultures approximately 10E4 cells per millilitre. Cell densities are recorded at 24-hour intervals. The cell density in the control cultures should increase by a factor of at least 16 within 72 hours.
- additionally highest test concentration without algae
- Test concentrations: 1.0, 2.1, 4.6, 10.3, 22.7 and 50 mg/I (nominal)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: The criteria of adverse effects used in this study were the substance-induced inhibition of growth [b] and growth rate [r], respectively, of the algal populations.
CULTURING APPARATUS
-Details on culturing apparatus used: Light chamber in which a temperature in the range 21 °C to 25°C can be maintained at +/- 2°C, and continuous uniform illumination is provided in the spectral range 400 to 700 nm. - Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 2.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 2.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 4.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 12 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- All results are expressed in terms of nominal concentrations. Measured concentrations ranged from 86 - 156% of nominal values at 0 hours, and from 63 - 104% of nominal values at 72 hours, respectively.
- Conclusions:
- EC50(biomass) = 4.3 mg/l
EC50(growth rate) = 12 mg/l
The growth rates for the indirect and direct exposure were within 10 % at all concentrations, thus proving that algal growth was affected by light intensity. On these bases, EC50 values were not used to the purpose of classification. - Executive summary:
A study was performed to assess adverse effects of the substance on the growth and the growth rate of freshwater algal species Scenedesmus subspicatus over several generations.
The study was conducted in accordance with EEC Methods described in Annex to Directive 92/69/EEC Part C.3 which is in most parts equivalent to the OECD guideline 201.
Exponentially growing algal cells were exposed for a period of 72h to a range of concentrations, nominally 1.0, 2.1, 4.6, 10.3, 22.7 and 50.0 mg/L of the test item dissolved in water (Part I). A second series (Part II) of test vessels treated in the same way as controls (Part III), but placed below glass vessels containing the same range of concentrations of the test substance as described above, but without algae, was set up to distinguish between algistatic (indirect effect caused by light absorption) and algicide (toxic) effects.
The cell densities were measured at 24 h intervals. Inhibition of the algal population was measured as reduction in growth (index b - biomass) and growth rate (index r), relative to control cultures grown under identical conditions. Growth and growth rates were used to calculate a No Observed Effect Concentration and a Lowest Observed Effect Concentration according to Dunnet (1955, 1964).
A comparison of the results for the parameter "percentage inhibition of the growth rate" gained in part I and II of the study results in no differences exceeding 10 %. Therefore the inhibition of growth observed in this study seemed to be caused by light absorption only.
Analysis of the growth and growth rate of the algal population within the 72 h exposure period (by probit analysis and DUNNETT' s test, respectively) give the following results:
Results (mg/L):
| Part I | Part II |
EbC50 (0-72h) | 3.4 | 4.3 |
EbC50 (0-72h) | 9.4 | 12 |
NOEC [b] | 1.0 | 1.0 |
LOEC [b] | 2.1 | 2.1 |
NOEC [r] | 1.0 | 1.0 |
NOEC [r] | 2.1 | 2.1 |
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 001
- Report date:
- 2001
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- analogue substance (refer to IUCLID chapter 13)
- IUPAC Name:
- analogue substance (refer to IUCLID chapter 13)
Constituent 1
Test solutions
- Details on test solutions:
- Identity and concentration of auxiliary solvent for dispersal: magnetic stirrer stock solution
(249.9 mg to 2 l water)
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
Study design
- Test type:
- not specified
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 4.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 12 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- not specified
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- % concentration loss over test: 37 ... 0
Any other information on results incl. tables
The test was conducted to the ETAD (Ecological and Toxicological Association of Dyestuffs and Organic Pigments Manufacturers) design. The growth rates for the indirect and direct exposure were within 10 % at all concentrations. This indicates that algal growth was affected by light intensity, thus EC50 value of the algae study should not be used for the purpose of classification.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- EC50(biomass) = 4.3 mg/l
EC50(growth rate) = 12 mg/l - Executive summary:
Method
The test has been conducted according to the 92/69/EC C.3 (modified algal growth inhibition test for dyestuffs) and in compliance to the GLP principles. Available information derived from migrated NONS file, as per Article 25(3) request, with permission to refer granted by ECHA.
Results
EC50(biomass) = 4.3 mg/l
EC50(growth rate) = 12 mg/l.
The growth rates for the indirect and direct exposure were within 10 % at all concentrations, thus proving that algal growth was affected by light intensity. On these bases, EC50 values were not used to the purpose of classification.
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