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EC number: 204-501-7 | CAS number: 121-86-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vivo
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vivo mammalian somatic cell study: cytogenicity / erythrocyte micronucleus
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 992
- Report date:
- 1992
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 474 (Mammalian Erythrocyte Micronucleus Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- - only 1000 immature erythrocytes per animal were scored for the incidence of micronucleated erythrocytes
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of assay:
- micronucleus assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-chloro-4-nitrotoluene
- EC Number:
- 204-501-7
- EC Name:
- 2-chloro-4-nitrotoluene
- Cas Number:
- 121-86-8
- Molecular formula:
- C7H6ClNO2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-chloro-1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2-Chloro-4-nitrotoluene
- Purity: 99.4 %
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- NMRI
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Winkelmann (Borchen, Germany)
- Age at study initiation: approx. 8-12 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 29-42 g
- Housing: individual (males); 3 animals per cage (females)
- Diet: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: at least 7 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22.5-23
- Humidity (%): 43-48
- Air changes (per hr): approx. 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 / 12
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- intraperitoneal
- Vehicle:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: corn oil
- Details on exposure:
- injection volume: 10 ml/kg bw
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- single administration
- Post exposure period:
- 16, 24 or 48 hours
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
1000 mg/kg bw
Basis:
actual ingested
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Positive control(s):
- Cyclophosphamide: dissolved in physiological saline, single i.p. injection with 10 ml/kg bw
Examinations
- Tissues and cell types examined:
- bone marrow smears; number of cells scored for micronuclei: 1000 polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) per animal; PCE/normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) ratio determined for 1000 PCEs per animal.
- Details of tissue and slide preparation:
- according to guideline
- Evaluation criteria:
- A test was considered positive if there was a relevant and significant increase in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes showing micronuclei in comparison to the negative control.
- Statistics:
- Wilcoxon's non-parametric rank sum test; p<0.001 for significance
Results and discussion
Test results
- Sex:
- male/female
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Toxicity:
- yes
- Remarks:
- 1000 mg/kg bw: apathy, roughened fur, staggering gait, sternal and lateral recumbency, spasm, twitching, difficulty in breathing and diarrhoea; 1/40 treated animals died during the test period.
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
Any other information on results incl. tables
The animals treated with 2-chloro-4-nitrotoluene showed symptoms of toxicity after administration. One of forty animals died before the end of the test due to the acute intraperitoneal toxicity of 1000 mg/kg 2-chloro-4-nitrotoluene.
There was a weakly altered ratio between polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes. No indications of a clastogenic effect of 2-chloro-4-nitrotoluene were found after a single intraperitoneal treatment with 1000 mg/kg.
Cyclophosphamide, the positive control, had a clear clastogenic effect, as is shown by the biologically relevant increase in polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei. The ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes was not altered.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): negative
- Executive summary:
In the micronucleus test (MNT) equivalent to OECD TG 474 a single intraperitoneal injection of 1000 mg/kg 2-chloro-4-nitrotoluene revealed no indications of a clastogenic effect in male and female mice. Relevant systemic exposure was demonstrated by symptoms of toxicity at 1000 mg/kg bw and a weakly altered ratio between polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes.
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