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EC number: 931-700-2 | CAS number: 66455-29-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Human irritation: irritating (human patch test)
Human sensitisation: not sensitising (human patch test, medical monitoring)
Human dermal absorption (0.4% of applied dose within 30 minutes)
Additional information
Several sources revealing data on skin irritation, skin sensitisation and dermal absorption in humans are available for CAS 683-10-3, the C12-alkyldimethyl betaine, which is the most frequently occurring betaine because it is one of the components of most of the substances of the alkyldimethyl betaine group, among those also Betaines, C12-14 (even numbered)-alkyldimethyl. Therefore, read-across of exposure-related observations in humans from CAS 683-10-3 is justified. Data from several human closed patch tests (Basketter et al., 1997; Haskell Laboratory, 1963) demonstrate skin irritations in humans ranging from mild to strong under occlusive conditions even with concentrations as low as 1%. In contrast, exposure to 0.1% under open conditions did not induce any positive skin reactions (Haskell Laboratory, 1963).
Information on skin sensitisation in humans is available from a closed human patch test with CAS 683-10-3 (Haskell Laboratory, 1963). After an induction period of 6 days with 0.1% of active ingredient, followed by a treatment-free period of 10 days, the volunteers were challenged under occlusive conditions for 24 hours. No reactions were observed immediately after challenge; during the next 4 days only irritation reactions were observed.
This finding was further supported by industrial medical monitoring data (InfraServ GmbH & Co. Gendorf KG, 2009). Workers involved in the production of CAS 683-10-3 are routinely checked every 3 years for signs of skin sensitisation, respiratory irritation, skin irritation and eye irritation. The last check was carried out in 2009; during these examinations no signs of the aforementioned disorders were observed which were related to the test substance.
Moreover, a study focusing on dermal uptake of C12BET (i.e. CAS 683-10-3) into human skin and the effects of surfactants on skin barrier function (Bucks et al., 1993) demonstrated that only up to 0.4% of the applied dose was absorbed within 30 minutes of exposure, with absorbance being dependent on the concentration applied. Tape stripping of the skin revealed that the administered test substance was primarily located in the outer stratum corneum layer.
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