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EC number: 918-452-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional physico-chemical information
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- other: representative mineralogy
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: No GLP study but other quality assurance
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 010
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Chemistry /elemental analysis was determined using ICP (inductively Coupled Plasma spectroscopy). Metal speciation/metal mineralogy was assessed from Sequential extraction/metal analysis and mineralogical analysis (XRD and microscopes equipped with EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectrometry) and WDS (Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometry) analysers. The interpretation of the overall results was performed by expert (with profound knowledge of metal particularities).
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- but equivalent Quality Assurance
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- copper
- EC Number:
- 918-452-0
- IUPAC Name:
- copper
- Details on test material:
- Representative samples were collected according to standards sampling protocols from the REACH Copper Consortium (in attachment in iuclid 1.4)
B5, description: low Ni content (representative, not sieved granules), sampling code: MC_B5_El LNi_1A_comp0902_0904, lab code: 09TT02791
B5, description: low Ni content (homogenized, drilled, sieved), sample code: MC_B5_El LNi_1B_comp0902_0904, lab code: 09TT02772
B5, description: High Ni content (representative, not sieved granules), sample code: MC_B5_El HNi_2A_comp0902_0904, lab code: 09TT02792
B5, description: high Ni content (homogenized, drilled, sieved), sample code: MC_B5_El HNi_2B_comp0902_0904, lab code: 09TT02774
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
- Results:
- The tested materials were characterized (physico-chemical and mineralogical properties) in view of the upcoming REACH registrations of copper intermediates and copper slags by the Copper Consortium.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Sample |
Black copper |
Black copper |
Sample |
B5 |
B5 |
Outotec code - Mineralogy |
09TT02791 |
09TT02792 |
Outotec code - Assays |
09TT02772 |
09TT02774 |
Outotec code - Assays |
09TT02771 |
09TT02773 |
The studied two black copper samples included low and high nickel –bearing materials. The low nickel (LN) sample contains 1.1% nickel, 86.1% copper, 4.4% lead, 2.5% zinc and 0.35% sulfur and consist of 88.2% metallic copper, 3.8% metallic lead, 2.4% cuprite and 2.2% copper- tin –alloys with accessory franklinite, chalcocite and litharge –type lead oxides.
The high nickel (HN) sample contains 13.8% nickel, 62.4% copper, 7.5% lead and 0.3% sulfur and consists of 80.4% copper- nickel alloys, 7.3% metallic lead, 7.3% copper- tin –alloys and 3.4% magnetite with accessory chalcocite and litharge –type lead oxides.
The chemical analysis of studied sampled are given in Table 7 and their mineralogical composition in Table 8 with distribution of copper.
Table 7: Chemical composition of studied sample, part 1
Lab code |
|
|
09TT02791 |
09TT02792 |
|
|
|
|
09TT02791 |
09TT02792 |
Sample code |
|
|
B5 |
B5 |
|
|
|
|
B5 |
B5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cu |
P1 |
% |
< 0.004 |
< 0.004 |
|
Co |
TOT |
% |
0.04 |
0.36 |
|
P2 |
% |
1.71 |
1.49 |
|
Sb |
TOT |
% |
0.11 |
0.25 |
|
P3 |
% |
9.49 |
6.17 |
|
Sn |
TOT |
% |
1.89 |
5.24 |
|
P4 |
% |
73.82 |
56.29 |
|
Zn |
TOT |
% |
2.49 |
0.85 |
|
Sum |
|
85.02 |
63.95 |
|
Mo |
TOT |
% |
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
TOT |
% |
86.06 |
62.44 |
|
Ag |
TOT |
% |
0.03 |
0.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As |
P1 |
% |
< 0.004 |
< 0.004 |
|
Se |
TOT |
% |
< 0.005 |
< 0.005 |
|
P2 |
% |
< 0.010 |
< 0.010 |
|
Sr |
TOT |
% |
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
P3 |
% |
< 0.005 |
< 0.005 |
|
Te |
TOT |
% |
< 0.010 |
< 0.010 |
|
P4 |
% |
< 0.002 |
< 0.002 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sum |
|
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
SiO2 |
KEM |
% |
1.17 |
2.36 |
|
TOT |
% |
0.03 |
0.07 |
|
Al2O3 |
TOT |
% |
0.21 |
0.27 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cr2O3 |
TOT |
% |
0.01 |
0.01 |
Fe |
P1 |
% |
< 0.004 |
< 0.004 |
|
K2O |
TOT |
% |
0.02 |
0.02 |
|
P2 |
% |
0.34 |
0.84 |
|
MgO |
TOT |
% |
0.01 |
0.02 |
|
P3 |
% |
0.04 |
0.07 |
|
MnO |
TOT |
% |
0.00 |
0.02 |
|
P4 |
% |
0.88 |
1.80 |
|
Na2O |
TOT |
% |
0.04 |
0.07 |
|
Sum |
|
1.26 |
2.71 |
|
CaO |
TOT |
% |
0.12 |
0.17 |
|
TOT |
% |
1.46 |
3.45 |
|
TiO2 |
TOT |
% |
0.12 |
0.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zr |
TOT |
% |
0.01 |
0.00 |
Ni |
P1 |
% |
< 0.004 |
< 0.004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P2 |
% |
0.02 |
0.19 |
|
B |
TOT |
% |
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
P3 |
% |
0.06 |
0.53 |
|
S |
Leco |
% |
0.35 |
0.32 |
|
P4 |
% |
0.96 |
13.24 |
|
C |
Leco |
% |
0.10 |
0.09 |
|
Sum |
|
1.04 |
13.96 |
|
Satmagan |
% |
1.69 |
3.39 |
|
|
TOT |
% |
1.05 |
13.81 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
surface area |
m2/g |
0.02 |
0.03 |
|
Pb |
P1 |
% |
0.17 |
0.31 |
|
density |
|
g/cm3 |
8.667 |
7.94 |
|
P2 |
% |
0.18 |
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P3 |
% |
0.02 |
0.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P4 |
% |
3.76 |
6.77 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sum |
|
4.13 |
7.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TOT |
% |
4.36 |
7.53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P1= H2O, P2= H2SO4, P3= KCN+Br-MeOH, P4= HNO3–soluble, TOT= total -, BM= bromine-methanol dissolutions, KEM= ion exchange chromatography, LECO = S/C analyzer, satmagan = Fe3O4analyzer
Table 8: Mineral composition and distribution of copper
Sample |
|
09TT02791 |
|
|
|
09TT02792 |
Type |
|
B5 |
|
|
|
B5 |
Mineral composition, -% |
|
|
|
|
||
Cu |
Copper |
88.17 |
|
CuNi |
CuNi -alloy |
80.41 |
Pb |
Lead |
3.76 |
|
Pb |
Lead |
7.34 |
CuO |
Cuprite |
2.42 |
|
CuSn |
CuSn -alloy |
7.28 |
CnSn |
CuSn -alloy |
2.18 |
|
Fe3O4 |
Magnetite |
3.39 |
FeZnO |
Franklinite |
1.69 |
|
Cu2S |
Chalcocite |
1.36 |
Cu2S |
Chalcocite |
1.59 |
|
PbO |
Litharge |
0.23 |
PbO |
Litharge |
0.20 |
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
100.00 |
|
Total |
|
100.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution of copper, -% |
|
|
|
|
||
Cu |
|
94.66 |
|
CuNi |
|
92.74 |
CuO |
|
2.07 |
|
CuSn |
|
5.55 |
CnSn |
|
1.84 |
|
Cu2S |
|
1.62 |
Cu2S |
|
1.40 |
|
Fe2O4 |
|
0.08 |
FeZnO |
|
0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution of iron, -% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cu |
|
53.71 |
|
CuNi |
|
54.92 |
FeZnO |
|
42.35 |
|
Fe2O4 |
|
43.29 |
Cu2S |
|
3.39 |
|
CuSN |
|
1.33 |
CnSn |
|
0.55 |
|
Cu2S |
|
0.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution of arsenic, -% |
|
|
|
|
||
CnSn |
|
57.83 |
|
CuSn |
|
100.00 |
Cu2S |
|
42.17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution of lead, -% |
|
|
|
|
||
Pb |
|
95.43 |
|
Pb |
|
97.48 |
PbO |
|
4.57 |
|
PbO |
|
2.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Good quality study that assessed full chemistry and mineralogy of several representative Black copper samples. Proposed RWC mineralogy (distribution pattern for each key element, i.e. % from Total into the various mineralogical forms/species present into the UVCB) can be used for classification of the UVCB substance (mixture toxicity rules)
- Executive summary:
The tested materials were characterized (physico-chemical and mineralogical properties) in view of the upcoming REACH registrations of copper intermediates and copper slags by the Copper Consortium.
The studiedtwo(2)black copper samples included low and nickel —bearing samples. The low nickel sample contains 1.1% nickel, 86.1% copper, 4.4% lead, 2.5% zinc and 0.35%sulfurand consist of 88.2% metallic copper, 3.8% metallic lead, 2.4% cuprite and 2.2% copper- tin —alloys with accessory franklinite, chalcocite and litharge —type lead oxides.
The high nickel sample contains 13.8% nickel, 62.4% copper, 7.5% lead and 0.3%sulfurand consists of 80.4% copper- nickel alloys, 7.3% metallic lead, 7.3% copper- tin —alloys and 3.4% magnetite with accessory chalcocite and litharge —type lead oxides.
Inboth cases, most, 95- 98%, of the black coppers total, copper is carried by metallic copper or metallic copper alloys which also carry most of the black coppers arsenic. Lead is carried mainly by metallic lead.
Based on these results, the following RWC Distribution pattern is derived (relevant for classification):
- Copper as Cu metal/ alloy forms (96.53% from total Cu) + oxide forms (2.07% from total Cu) + sulphide forms (1.40% from total Cu)
- Nickel as Ni metal/alloy forms (100% from total Ni)
- Lead as Pb metal (94.95% from total Pb) + Pb compounds forms (5.05% from total Pb)- Zinc as ZnO forms (100% from total Zn)
- Other (minor) metal elements: with same WC distribution pattern than Cu
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