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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 283-482-7 | CAS number: 84650-02-2 A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by the distillation of coal tar. It consists of hydrocarbons having carbon numbers primarily in the range of C4 to C10 and distilling in the approximate range of 80°C to 160°C (175°F to 320°F).
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- other: read-across from supporting substance (benzene is a constituent of distillates coal tar, benzole fraction)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Does not meet important criteria of today standard methods
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Toxicological Studies of Certain Alkylated Benzenes and Benzene
- Author:
- Wolf MA, Rowe VK, McCollister DD, Hollingsworth RL, and Oyen F
- Year:
- 1 956
- Bibliographic source:
- Arch. Ind. Health 14, 387-398
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Primary eye irritation test; pre-guideline study
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- pre-GLP study
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Benzene
- EC Number:
- 200-753-7
- EC Name:
- Benzene
- Cas Number:
- 71-43-2
- Molecular formula:
- C6H6
- IUPAC Name:
- benzene
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): benzene
- Analytical purity: 99.98%
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: albino rabits
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: heterogeneous stock raised at the testing facility
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): commercial diet supplemented with alfalfa hay
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): Two drops were instilled into the right eyeballs of test animals (no further information). - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- single instillation without washing
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 7 days
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- no data
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): no data
SCORING SYSTEM: no scoring system used
TOOL USED TO ASSESS EYE LESIONS: fluorescein staining
Results and discussion
In vivo
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- other: visual observation of irritation and corneal injury
- Basis:
- animal: albino rabbit
- Time point:
- 7 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: washing: no data
Any other information on results incl. tables
Inflammation and slight swelling of the eyelids and questionable or just perceptible transient superficial necrosis in very small areas of the cornea were registered by the authors. No more data are given.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment
- Conclusions:
- In a pre-guideline eye irritation test, inflammation, slight swelling of the eyelids, and barely perceptible transient superficial necrosis of the cornea (small areas) were observed. Findings were not graded using current scoring systems (Wolf, 1956). Based on irritating effects observed in the treated eyes, benzene is considered irritating to the eye (see also European Union Risk Assessment Report - Benzene, Final Approved Version, 2008).
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