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EC number: 246-356-2 | CAS number: 24613-89-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The EU RAR summarises the results of a number of acute inhalation toxicity studies performed with water soluble Cr (VI) compounds; most studies were not performed to recognised guidelines.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- European Union Risk Assessment Report: chromium trioxide, sodium chromate, sodium dichromate, ammonium dichromate, potassium dichromate
- Author:
- European Chemicals Bureau
- Year:
- 2 005
- Bibliographic source:
- 3rd Priority List; Volume 53
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The EU RAR reports the results of a number of studies of various designs.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test type:
- other: various
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Chromium trioxide
- EC Number:
- 215-607-8
- EC Name:
- Chromium trioxide
- Cas Number:
- 1333-82-0
- Molecular formula:
- CrO3
- IUPAC Name:
- chromium trioxide
- Reference substance name:
- Sodium dichromate
- EC Number:
- 234-190-3
- EC Name:
- Sodium dichromate
- Cas Number:
- 10588-01-9
- Molecular formula:
- Cr2H2O7.2Na
- IUPAC Name:
- sodium dichromate
- Reference substance name:
- Potassium dichromate
- EC Number:
- 231-906-6
- EC Name:
- Potassium dichromate
- Cas Number:
- 7778-50-9
- Molecular formula:
- Cr2H2O7.2K
- IUPAC Name:
- potassium dichromate
- Details on test material:
- Studies were performed with chromium trioxide, sodium dichromate and potassium dichromate.
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Constituent 3
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: various
- Sex:
- male/female
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- other: inhalation and intratracheal instillation
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- other: water
- Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Remarks on duration:
- various
- Concentrations:
- Various
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Various
- Control animals:
- other: in some studies
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 99 mg/m³ air
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: Potassium dichromate
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 200 mg/m³ air
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: Sodium dichromate
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 104 mg/m³ air
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: Sodium chromate
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 217 mg/m³ air
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: Chromium trioxide
Any other information on results incl. tables
The EU RAR states that potassium dichromate aerosols (mass median aerodynamic diameter 1-2 microns) were toxic when inhaled by rats, deaths occurring following a 6-hour exposure to 37 mg/m³ (13 mg Cr (VI)/m³) and above. There were no deaths at 31 mg/m³ (11 mg Cr(VI)/m³). Decreased body weight gain and increased lung weight were observed following 2 -hour exposure to 20 mg/m³ (7 mg Cr(VI)/m³).
LC50 values of 99 mg/m³ (potassium dichromate) (35 mg Cr(VI)/m³), 200 mg/m³ (sodium and potassium dichromate) (70 mg Cr(VI)/m³) and 104 mg/m³ (sodium chromate) (33 mg Cr(VI)/m³) have been reported for male rats with a 4-hour aerosol exposure period. Signs of toxicity included reduced body weight, respiratory distress and irritation of the respiratory tract.
Lung oedema, inflammation and tracheal epithelium necrosis were seen in rats following inhalation of 28 mg/m³ sodium chromate (9 mg Cr(VI)/m³) for 24 hours; minimal lung effects (reduction in glycoprotein secretion in the trachea) were seen at 8 mg/m³ (3 mg Cr(VI)/m³) for 24 hours.
Intratracheal instillation of potassium dichromate at 1.14 mg (0.4 mg Cr(VI)) produced lung inflammation in rats.
An LC50 value of 217 mg/m³ (113 mg Cr(VI)/m³) for chromium (VI) trioxide (presumably aerosol) has been reported for rats with a 4-hour exposure period. It is predicted that severe damage to tissues of the respiratory tract would occur at low concentrations due to the corrosive nature of this substance. In the case of all the Cr (VI) compounds under consideration, depending upon the pH of the Cr (VI) solution, corrosive effects can occur on contact.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Toxicity Category II
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The available data indicate that the water-soluble Cr (VI) compounds are very acutely toxic by inhalation. Based on the LC50 reported on the soluble Cr (VI) compounds, a theoretical LC50 for Dichromium tris(chromate) should range between 96 and 327 mg active ingredient/m³.
- Executive summary:
The EU RAR reports a number of studies designed to investigate the acute inhalation toxicity of water soluble Cr (VI) compounds. The results of these studies indicate that this group of compounds is very toxic by inhalation.
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