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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 478-200-6 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2006-11-06 to 2006-12-13
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- GLP study performed according to OECD procedure 301B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test), EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the “Ready” Biodegradability – BO2 Evolution Test), and EPA OPPTS Method 835.3110 (Ready Biodegradability) without deviations.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 007
- Report date:
- 2007
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Remarks:
- The testing facility indicated that the protocol was followed without deviation.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Remarks:
- The testing facility indicated that the protocol was followed without deviation.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 835.3110 (Ready Biodegradability)
- Deviations:
- no
- Remarks:
- The testing facility indicated that the protocol was followed without deviation.
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- The Department of Health of the Government of the United Kingdom
Test material
Reference
- Name:
- Unnamed
- Type:
- Constituent
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): VRT- 126028
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): Not applicable
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): Not applicable
- Smiles notation (if other than submission substance): Not applicable
- InChl (if other than submission substance): Not applicable
- Structural formula attached as image file (if other than submission substance): Not applicable
- Substance type: no data
- Physical state: white powder
- Analytical purity: 99.3% area by GC
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): no data
- Composition of test material, percentage of components: no data
- Isomers composition: no data
- Purity test date: 2006-05-22
- Lot/batch No.: 25414
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: May 2008
- Stability under test conditions: no data
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature
- Other: no data
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not applicable
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- other: activated sludge, domestic
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Worlingworth sewage treatment works, which treats predominantly domestic waste.
- Laboratory culture: Not applicable
- Method of cultivation: Not applicable
- Storage conditions: no data
- Storage length: no data
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: Aliquots (25 mL) of a homogenised sample were filtered through dried (approximately 105 deg C) and pre-weighted Whatman GF/C filter papers. The filters were dried for at least one hour, allowed to cool and re-weighed. The solids levels in the sludge were determined and then an appropriate volume used to inoculate control and test vessels to give a final suspended solids concentration of 30 mg/L.
- Pretreatment: no data
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L
- Initial cell/biomass concentration: no data
- Water filtered: Water treated by reversed osmosis
- Type and size of filter used, if any: Not applicable - Duration of test (contact time):
- 29 d
Initial test substance concentration
- Initial conc.:
- 11.5 other: mgC/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- other: CO2 evolution was measured. No identification/quantification of parent compound and/or transformation products
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Stock 1: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, di-Potassium hydrogen phosphate, di-Sodium monhydrogen phosphate dihydrate, and Ammonium chloride; Stock 2: magnesium sulphate heptahydrate; Stock 3: Calcium chloride dihydrate; Stock 4: Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate. Medium: 10 mL stock 1/L + 1 mL stock 2 to 4/L
- Additional substrate: Not applicable
- Solubilising agent (type and concentration if used): Not applicable
- Test temperature: 23 -23 deg C
- pH: in situ: 7.4-7.6
- pH adjusted: yes, 5 N HCL
- CEC (meq/100 g): no data
- Aeration of dilution water: yes, continuously
- Suspended solids concentration: 30 mg/L
- Continuous darkness: no data; test performed in amber glass bottles
- Other: no data
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: five liter amber glass culture bottles
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: Total of 6: 1, 2 Controls- inoculated mineral salts medium; 3 Reference - inoculated mineral salts medium plus sodium benzoate (10 mgC/L); 4, 5 Test substance (11.5 mgC/L) plus inoculated mineral salts medium. 6 sodium benzoate (10 mg/L) plus test substance (11.5 mg/L) plus inoculated mineral salts medium
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: Each vessel was fitted with a stopper holding an air inlet tube reaching approximately 10 cm below the liquid surface and an air outlet just below the stopper. Continuous flushing with CO2-free for 29 days.
- Method used to create anaerobic conditions: Not applicable
- Measuring equipment: titration; phenolphthalein indicator
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance: Not applicable
- Test performed in open system: No
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics if used: Dreschel bottles containing barium hydroxide
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: 10 samples over test period
- Sampling method: The air outlet from each vessel was connected to three Dreschel bottles in series, each containing 0.025 N, nominal barium hydroxide (100 mL). The residual concentrations of barium hydroxide in the bottles nearest to the test vessels were determined at intervals by duplicate titration of 20 mL samples with hydrochloric acid (0.05N), using phenolphthalein indicator. Following the removal of the first Dreschel bottle in a series, the second was connected to the test vessel, and a bottle containing fresh barium hydroxide was connected to the outlet of the bottle at the end of the series.
- Sterility check if applicable: Not applicable
- Sample storage before analysis: No data
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes
- Abiotic sterile control: no
- Toxicity control: yes
STATISTICAL METHODS:
-Theoretical carbon dioxide production (TCO2): TCO2/mg carbon = mw of carbon dioxide/atomic weight of carbon
-CO2 Production: mgCO2 = [N x(Vs-Vt)]/2 x 100/V x mw(CO2)
-Percent Degradation: cumulative CO2 (mg)/TCO2 of test mixture x 100
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
Results and discussion
- Preliminary study:
- The test was preceded by solubility and formulation trials.
- Test performance:
- The results obtained from the degradation of sodium benzoate and cumulative CO2 production by the control mixtures fulfill validity criteria for the test.
% Degradation
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 23
- Sampling time:
- 29 d
- Details on results:
- The degradation of sodium benzoate was also rapid in the presence of the test substance and had achieved 66% of its TCO2 after 8 days. This test vessel was terminated on Day 8 of the test; the final pH of the culture was 7.5. Mean cumulative CO2 production by the mixtures containing the test substance were equivalent to 10% of the TCO2 after 8 days. The rate of biodegradation slowed between Day 6 (8%) and 21 (12%) then increased to achieve 23% by the end of the test on Day 29. Substances are considered to be readily biodegradable in the test if CO2 production is equal to or greater than 60% of the theoretical value within ten days of the level achieving 10%. Therefore, the test substance cannot be considered to be readily biodegradable. Cumulative CO2 production in the controls was within the acceptable range for this assay system. The degradation of sodium benzoate was rapid and had achieved 64% of its TCO2 after 8 days and 78% after 29 days.
BOD5 / COD results
- Results with reference substance:
- No data
Any other information on results incl. tables
Not applicable
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Substances are considered to be readily biodegradable in the test if CO2 production is equal to or greater than 60% of the theoretical value within ten days of the level achieving 10%. Therefore, the test substance cannot be considered to be readily biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
Not applicable
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