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EC number: 217-218-9 | CAS number: 1779-49-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2003-02-26 to 2003-06-26
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 003
- Report date:
- 2003
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted April 4, 1984
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- December 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide
- EC Number:
- 217-218-9
- EC Name:
- Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide
- Cas Number:
- 1779-49-3
- Molecular formula:
- C19H18P.Br
- IUPAC Name:
- methyl(triphenyl)phosphonium bromide
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- During the final test samples for analysis were taken from the 1.0, 3.2 and 10 mg/L test solutions. In addition, samples were taken from the controls.
Sampling: Frequency at t=0h and t=48h.
Volume: 10 mL from the approximate centre of the test vessel.
Storage: The samples were stored under deep-freeze conditions until analysis.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Preparation of the test solutions started with a stock of 100 mg/L in ISO-medium. No special treatment other than vigorous stirring was needed to completely dissolve the test substance. Lower test concentrations were prepared by subsequent dilution in test medium. All final test solutions were clear and colourless.
- Controls: Test medium without test substance or other additives (blank-control).
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): No
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain/clone: Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera) (Straus, 1820)
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD): Not older than 2 weeks
- Feeding during test: No
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period:With new-born animals, i.e. less than 3 days old, by placing about 250 of them into 10 litres of medium in an all-glass culture vessel.
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same as test
- Type and amount of food: a suspension of fresh water algae.
- Feeding frequency: daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Daphnids originated from a healthy stock, 2nd to 5th brood, showing no signs of stress such as mortality >20%, presence of males, ephippia or discoloured
animals and there was no delay in the production of the first brood.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 250 mg/L CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 20.4 to 21.9°C
- pH:
- 6.0-8.5, constant within 1 unit in any test solution
- Dissolved oxygen:
- > 8.9 at the start and > 8.6 at the end of the test
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1.0, 1.8, 3.2, 5.6 and 10 mg/L.
- Details on test conditions:
- Test type: Static
Test duration: 48 hours
Test vessels: 100 mL, all-glass
Medium: ISO, prepared in milli-RO water
Number of daphnia: 20 per concentration
Loading: 5 per vessel containing 80 mL medium
Light: 16 hours photoperiod daily
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 mL, all-glass
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, size: 100 mL, 80 mL fillvolume
- Aeration: No
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
ISO-medium: the following chemicals (analytical grade) are dissolved in freshly prepared ultra-pure water (tap water purified by reverse osmosis (miili-RO) and subsequently passed over activated carbon and ion-exchange cartridges: Milli-Q water; Millipore Corp., Bedford, Mass., USA) (mg/L):
CaCl2 x 2H2O 293.8
MgSO x 7H2O 123.3
NaHCO3 64.8
KCI 5.8
Medium M7: trace elements, macro nutrients and vitamins are added to freshly prepared ISO-medium to reach the following concentrations: Trace elements (mg/L):
B 0.125
Fe 0.05
Mn 0.025
Li, Rb and Sr 0.0125
Mo 0.0063
Br 0.0025
Cu 0.0016
Zn 0.0063
Co and I 0.0025
Se 0.0010
V 0.0003
Na2EDTA x 2H2O 2.5
Macro nutrients (mg/L):
Na2SiO3 x 9H2O 10.0
NaNO3 0.27
KH2PO4 0.14
K2HPO4 0.18
Vitamins (µg/L):
Thiamine 75.0
B12 1.0
Biotin 0.75
The hardness: 250 mg/L expressed as CaCO3 and the pH: 8.0 ± 0.2 after aeration
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod:16 h
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
lmmobilisation: those animals not able to swim within 15 seconds after gentle agitation of the test vessel are considered to be immobile.
EC50: the concentration estimated to immobilise 50% of the daphnia after a defined period of exposure.
No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC): is the highest tested concentration at which no effect (i.e. immobilisation) is recorded.
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 and 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:
After 24 hours of exposure all organisms exposed to 10 and 100 mg/L became immobilised, while no daphnids became immobilised in the lower test concentrations during the test. The EC50 was expected to be between 1.0 and 10 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 2.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid?
Yes
- Relevant effect levels: The 24h-EC50 (based on the initial concentration) of potassium dichromate was within the range of 0.6 to 1.7 mg/L.
- Limit test: no - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Calculation of EC50:
The EC50-value at 24 hours of exposure was calculated from the probits of the percentages of affected daphnia and the logarithms of the corresponding test substance concentrations using the maximum likelihood estimation method (Finney, D.J., 1971: Probit analysis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., 3rd edition).
The 48h-EC50 was calculated as AB1/2, with A being the concentration at which not more than 10% of the daphnids were immobilized and B being the concentration with 100% effect.
Any other information on results incl. tables
ACCEPTABILITY OF THE TEST
1. In the controls, no daphnia became immobilised or trapped at the surface of the water.
2. The oxygen concentration was > 5 mg/L at the end of the test. Other test conditions (pH and temperature) were maintained within the ranges prescribed by the protocol.
3. The 24h-EC50 (based on the initial concentration) of potassium dichromate was within the range of 0.6 to 1.7 mg/L.
The pH values were stable during the test and were thus maintained within the range prescribed by the protocol (6.0-8.5, constant within 1 unit in any test solution). Oxygen concentrations were maintained at levels above the limits prescribed by the protocol (>7 mg/L and 25 mg/L at the start and the end of the test, respectively).
The temperature of the test medium measured in the blank-control varied from 20.4 to 21 .9°C, which is within the limits prescribed by the protocol (18-22°C, constant within 2°C).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the present study TMP did not induce acute immobilisation of Daphnia magna at 1.8 mg/L after 48 hours of exposure (NOEC).
The 24h-EC50 was 5.2 mg/L based on nominal concentrations (95% confidence interval between 4.8 and 6.0 mg/L).
The 48h-EC50 was 2.4 mg/L based on nominal concentrations, with 10% immobility at 1.8 mg/L and 100% immobility at 3.2 mg/L.
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