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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 915-035-5 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Read-across to Cr(III). Radiolabelled 51Cr(III) used in the study. No data on which Cr(III)-salt was used in the study, but the results obtained are likely to give indications on the behaviour of chromium. The release of chromium from chromium carbide is very similar to the release from chromium metal and chromium(III) oxide and therefore read-across can be carried out. Acceptable study report.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Chromium speciation studies in human plasma and stability studies of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) species in a candidate water reference material.
- Author:
- Cornelis R, Borguet F, Dyg S, Griepink B.
- Year:
- 1 992
- Bibliographic source:
- Mikrochimica Acta 109, 145-148.
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- distribution
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Plasma from a healthy volunteer was labelled with 51Cr, and the distribution patterns were studied using a liquid chromatography method.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 51Cr(III)
- IUPAC Name:
- 51Cr(III)
- Details on test material:
- 51Cr(III). No other details presented in the publication.
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Remarks:
- 51Cr(III)
Test animals
- Species:
- other: in vitro
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- other: in vitro
- Details on exposure:
- Plasma from a healthy individual was labelled in vitro with 51Cr.
- Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- Single.
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
No data.
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- Plasma from one human volunteer.
- Details on study design:
- Plasma from a healthy individual was labelled in vitro with 51Cr.
Much attention was paid to the creation of analysis conditions, which do not disturb the specific Cr-protein associations and gurantee a 100% recovery of the trace elements and of the biomolecules, without degradation.
The separation procedures chosen for the test were:
1) A preliminary cation exchange of the plasma at pH 8 -> collection of the unbound proteins and removal of disturbing proteins (pI>8)
2) Anion exchange of the unbound proteins.
The separations were performed on fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) system to avoid denaturation of proteins. The absorbance at 280 nm and the 51Cr elution pattern were detected.
Transferrin and albumin were identified with the aid of electrophoresis and quantified with nephelometry. - Statistics:
- No data.
Results and discussion
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on distribution in tissues:
- The results showed that 85% of the 51Cr was associated with transferrin and 8% with albumin. The rest appears to be spread over other proteins.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- In vitro studies showed that in the plasma, chromium(III) is mainly bound to transferrin (85%) and albumin (8%).
- Executive summary:
Plasma from a healthy individual was labelled in vitro with 51Cr and the association with proteins was determined using fast protein liquid chromatography. 85% of 51Cr was bound to transferrin and 8% to albumin. The remaining part was spread over other proteins.
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