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EC number: 270-451-8 | CAS number: 68440-34-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
72 h, ErL50 (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata): > 100 mg/L; read-across
72 h, ErL10 (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata): 3.31 mg/L; read-across
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
No studies are available on the toxicity of Fatty acids, tallow, zinc salts to algae. In accordance to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5, a read across to the structural analogue Fatty acids, C16-18, zinc salts (CAS No. 91051-01-3) was conducted. Based on similar structure, physico-chemical properties and zinc content, the ecotoxicological profile of the two substances is expected to be comparable. Further justification is given within the endpoint summary 6.1 and the analogue justification. The data available for Fatty acids, C16-18, zinc salts and the supporting data available for inorganic zinc substances are discussed below.
Fatty acids, C16 -18, zinc salts:
The toxic effects of Water Accommodated Fractions (WAF) of Fatty acids, C16-18, zinc salts on the growth rate of algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) were studied in three state-of-the-art tests according to OECD Guideline 201 (Wenzel, 2010a,b; Wenzel, 2013). While in the first test, the WAF of a loading of 100 mg/L was diluted in series to allow the calculation of toxicity parameters (EC10, EC50), the WAFs of several loadings (1, 10, and 100 mg/L) were tested in the second test according to OECD Series No. 23 to enable the classification based on WAFs. The first study has to be disregarded with respect to the fact that the preparation of test concentrations was done from one WAF in a series (Wenzel 2010a). In the second test the WAF were each prepared separately, but no loading-dependent inhibition was obtained (Wenzel 2010b). The inhibition was clearly higher at 1 mg/L loading than at 10 mg/L, so also this study has to be disregarded. Therefore, a further full test with test concentrations 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, and 100 mg/L, each prepared separately as WAF, was conducted (Wenzel, 2013). This study was also performed according to OECD Guideline 201 and GLP. Since a loading-dependent inhibition was observed and also the further validity criteria according to OECD 201 were met, this study can be assessed as valide and the effect values for growth rate could be taken into account. The ErL50 (72 h), ErL10 (72 h) and the NOEL (72) were stated as > 100 mg/L, 3.31 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L, respectively.
For further hazard assessment, the EC10 was used as chronic value, as recommended by the Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.10: Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for environment Table R.10-1 (ECHA, 2008). As stated in the guidance document, there has been a recommendation within OECD in 1996 to phase out the use of the NOEC, in particular as it can correspond to large and potentially biologically important magnitudes of effect. The advantage of regression method for the estimation of ECx is that information from the whole concentration-effect relationship is taken into account and that confidence intervals can be calculated. Also the OECD Guideline 201 states: “Recent scientific developments have led to a recommendation of abandoning the concept of NOEC and replacing it with regression based point estimates ECx. An appropriate value for x has not been established for this algal test. A range of 10 to 20 % appears to be appropriate (depending on the response variable chosen), and preferably both the EC10 and EC20 should be reported.”(OECD, 2011).
ZINC:
Acute freshwater toxicity tests of high quality and relevancy performed according to standard protocol. Information is available on 1 species which is in both the acute and chronic aquatic database on zinc the most sensitive. The lowest IC50 value is taken as reference value for classification for acute effect at neutral/high pH.
Chronic freshwater toxicity tests of high quality and relevancy according to standard protocol or equivalent. Data on 2 species, one of which the most sensitive of all freshwater organisms, second species is less sensitive.
Chronic seawater tests of high quality and relevancy according to standard protocol or equivalent. Data on 12 species, for which 3 species are in the low part of the species sensitivity distribution. One species of macro-algae is the second most sensitive of all seawater organisms.
The data, as summarised in the overall endpoint summary 6.1, show that algae represents the most sensitive trophic level among aquatic organisms. For a comprehensive overview of the acute toxicity of (soluble) zinc to algae,see Chemical Safety Assessment of "Zinc" within the framework of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 in the technical dossier (IUCLID section 13).
CONCLUSION:
Three studies on algal toxicity were conducted with the structural analogue Fatty acids, C16-18, zinc salts. However, a loading-dependent inhibition was only observed in one study, on which the assessment is based. In this study ErL50 and ErL10 values of > 100 mg/L and 3.31 mg/L were observed, respectively. The algae study is the only chronic data available for aquatic organisms. As based on the data available for inorganic zinc substances, algae is the most sensitive organism, this data can be used as reference value for the hazard assessment.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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