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EC number: 239-888-1 | CAS number: 15790-07-5 This substance is identified in the Colour Index by Colour Index Constitution Number, C.I. 15985:1.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from OECD QSAR toolbox version 2.3 and the QMRF report has been attached.
- Guideline:
- other: Estimated data
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- QSAR prediction is done using QSAR toolbox Version 3.0
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (IUPAC name): aluminium, 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulfophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid complex
- Molecular formula: C16H9AlN2O7S2
- Molecular weight: 432.368 g/mol
- Smiles notation: c12c(cc(S(=O)(=O)[O-])cc2)ccc(c1\N=N\c1ccc(S(=O)(=O)[O-])cc1)[O-].[Al+3]
- InChl: 1S/C16H12N2O7S2.Al/c19-15-8-1-10-9-13(27(23,24)25)6-7-14(10)16(15)18-17-11-2-4-12(5-3-11)26(20,21)22;/h1-9,19H,(H,20,21,22)(H,23,24,25);/q;+3/p-3/b18-17+;
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Tetrahymena pyriformis
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: IGC50
- Effect conc.:
- 88.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- estimated
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Remarks:
- Growth
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The inhibition growth concentration (IGC50) value of aluminium, 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulfophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid complex in Tetrahymena pyriformis in a 48 hr study on growth inhibition effect was determine to be 88.5 mg/L .
- Executive summary:
Based on thr toxicity on the (15790 -07 -5) was predicted by using prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 2.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the six closest read across substances, toxicity was measured. The inhibition growth concentration (IGC50) value of aluminium, 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulfophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid complex in Tetrahymena pyriformis in a 48 hr study on growth inhibition effect was determine to be 88.5 mg/L.
Reference
The
prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following
descriptors: IGC50
Estimation method: Takes average value from the 5 nearest neighbours
Domain logical expression:Result: In Domain
(((("a"
and ("b"
and (
not "c")
)
)
and "d" )
and "e" )
and ("f"
and "g" )
)
Domain
logical expression index: "a"
Similarity
boundary:Target:
[Al]{3+}_c1(O)c(N=Nc2ccc(S(=O)(=O)O)cc2)c2c(cc(S(=O)(=O)O)cc2)cc1
Threshold=50%,
Dice(Atom pairs)
Domain
logical expression index: "b"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as No alert found by Protein
binding by OASIS v1.1
Domain
logical expression index: "c"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Acylation OR Acylation >> Ester
aminolysis or thiolysis OR Acylation >> Ester aminolysis or thiolysis >>
Activated alkyl or aryl esters OR Acylation >> Ester aminolysis or
thiolysis >> Diarylesters OR Michael addition OR Michael addition >>
Quinone type compounds OR Michael addition >> Quinone type compounds >>
Quinones OR Nucleophilic addition OR Nucleophilic addition >> Addition
to Carbon-hetero double/triple bond OR Nucleophilic addition >> Addition
to Carbon-hetero double/triple bond >> Ketones OR SN2 OR SN2 >>
Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic
substitution at sp3 Carbon atom >> Activated alkyl esters OR SN2 >>
Nucleophilic substitution on benzylic carbon atom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic
substitution on benzylic carbon atom >> Benzylic esters by Protein
binding by OASIS v1.1
Domain
logical expression index: "d"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as High (Class III) by Toxic hazard
classification by Cramer (original)
Domain
logical expression index: "e"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Bioavailable by Lipinski Rule
Oasis
Domain
logical expression index: "f"
Parametric
boundary:The
target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= -0.102
Domain
logical expression index: "g"
Parametric
boundary:The
target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 3.53
Description of key information
Based on the toxicity on the (15790 -07 -5) was predicted by using prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 2.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the six closest read across substances, toxicity was measured. The inhibition growth concentration (IGC50) value of aluminium, 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulfophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid complex in Tetrahymena pyriformis in a 48 hr study on growth inhibition effect was determine to be 88.5 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for microorganisms:
- 88.5 mg/L
Additional information
Based on the various experimental data for the target chemical and read across chemicals study have been reviewed to determine the toxic nature of target chemical aluminium, 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulfophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid complex (15790-07-5). The studies are as mentioned below:
In the first weight of evidence study for the target chemical(15790-07-5) from QSAR based on the toxicity on the (15790 -07 -5) was predicted by using prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 2.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the six closest read across substances, toxicity was measured. The inhibition growth concentration (IGC50) value of aluminium, 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulfophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid complex in Tetrahymena pyriformis in a 48 hr study on growth inhibition effect was determine to be 88.5 mg/L.
In the second study for read across chemical (915-67-3) Biotechnology Letters, 2002. The Microtox acute toxicity assay was performed by using a modified strain of Vibrio fischeri . Frozen samples were brought to room temperature, and centrifuged. The pH of the samples was adjusted where necessary to 6 by adding 0.5 ml 0.58 M KH2 PO4 and 70μl 1 M NaOH. Colour correction was done at 490 nm. The Microtox acute toxicity assay was performed in a Microtox 500 Analyzer on samples before and after decoloration according to the test protocols defined by the manufacturer From eight serial dilutions, the percent concentration to decrease 20% of the luminescence of amodified strain ofVibrio fischeri(EC20)after 5 min incubation was calculated with the Microtox data analysis program [Microtox Omni Software(1999) Azur Environmental, Newark, Del.]. A solution of 1 g/l ZnSO4·7H2O was used as the positive control and 1 g/l glucose as the negative control. Each EC20 reported is the average of triplicate analysis. The concentration to decrease 50% of the bacterial luminescence in the Microtox acute assay (EC50) is normally reported. However, in most of these studies, the EC50 before or after decoloration was greater than 100% indicating that there was no toxicity or toxicity change. To better evaluate whether the decoloration process affected toxicity, the dilution required to decrease 20% of the bacterial luminescence relative to the control (EC20)was reported instead. The following rating was adapted from Coleman & Qureshi (1985) –
EC20:>100%=nontoxic;
>75–100%=slightly non-toxic;
>50–75%=toxic;
>25–50%=moderately toxic;
<25% very toxic. The toxicity of 100mg/l of Amaranth determined in terms of EC20 (% dilution) was 44.6 ± 11.6.
Similarly in the third weight of evidence study for the same read across chemical from (Indian J Microbiol 2011). This investigation was aimed at identifying the effects of the Amaranth dye and its degradation products on microbial growth. Amaranth dye was purchased from Hi-media Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India. Aspergillus ochraceus NCIM 1146 was obtained from National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India. E. coli MTCC 452, B. subtilis MTCC 6910 and Penicillium ochrochloron MTCC 517 were obtained from Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank (MTCC), Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India. It was regularly maintained and preserved at 4°C on nutrient agar slants contained in (g/l); bacteriological peptone 10.0, beef extract 10.0 and NaCl 5.0 Microbial toxicity of control dye amaranth and metabolites obtained after its decolorization (final concentration 1,000 ppm) was carried out in relation to E. coli, Bacillus substilis, Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium ochrochloron MTCC 517 and zone of inhibition (diameter in mm) was recorded. The diameter of the discs used was 10mm. Amaranth and its degradation products were not toxic to Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium ochrochloron MTCC 517 at 1,000 ppm concentration. Amaranth inhibited growth of E. coli and Bacillus substilis.
Similarly in the fourth study for the read across chemical (915-67-3) (from, TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY, 1977). The death of Paramecium caudatum (PC), a unicellular animal, can be observed more readily and in far less time than that of small animals. Hence a bioassay was conducted to study the toxic effect of Amaranth. Paramecium Caudatum was maintained at 22°C on 0.15 % dried lettuce infusion and fed with Aerobacter aerogenes. Amaranth was tested in 0.1% and 1% concentration. The test concentrations were put in a hollow slide glass, and an equal volume of 0.04 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, was added. After 5 to 10 test organisms were added, their survival times were measured microscopically. Thirty to forty test organisms for each concentration were tested by the same method, and the mean survival time and the death rate were calculated. The survival time was defined as the time required until death was observed for each concentration. Death was assumed to have occurred when there was no movement. The death rate was defined as the percentage of deaths observed during 20 minutes. The mean survival time (in sec) of test organism Paramecium caudatum was determined to be 695 seconds. The death rate of the test organism at 10000mg/l was 77.4%. Therefore the Effective concentration causing more than 50% death of Paramecium caudatum was reported as 10000 mg/l.
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