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EC number: 233-658-4 | CAS number: 10294-34-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
BCl3 is corrosive to skin.
The 2 relevant NOAEC for BCl3, transcribed from the results of the 2 degradation products are:
- 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on 90d and on 2-years inhalation studies with HCl exposure for 6 h/d and 5 d/week to rats.
- 340 mg BCl3/m³ based on two oral 2-years studies with rats and mice with boric acid, and converted to a NOAEC, according to the ECHA Guidance on Info and CSA R.8 Figure R.8-3, assuming a workers exposure of 8 h/d and a 100 % absorption for inhalation and oral dosing and for rats and human. The 100 % absorptions are justified, see Section 7.1 on Toxicokinetics.
Boric acid is less toxic by a factor of >20, compared to HCl. The lower of the 2 NOAECs is critical for the BCl3 hazard evaluation. Therefore:
NOAECrat,6h/d,5d/w = 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on a 2-years inhalation study.
The corrected NOAEC for worker conditions is NOAEC8h/d,5d/w = 8 mg BCl3/m³.
Data on the human health effects are generally limited to poorly reported secondary sources. Exposure of male volunteers to 50 - 100 ppm (76 - 152 mg/m3) hydrogen chloride gas for 1 hour was claimed to be barely tolerable (Henderson and Haggard, 1943). Irritation of the throat resulted from brief exposure to 35 ppm (53 mg/m3) and 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) was considered to be the maximal acceptable concentration for prolonged exposure. This is in reasonable agreement with the animal data, and a useful NOAEC of 16 mg BCl3/m³.
Based on possible long-term effects, the SCOEL recommends for HCl a TWA 8 hour of 5 ppm (8 mg HCl/m3). This value will be used as DNEL for long term inhalation exposure of HCl. Transcription to BCl3 gives a TWA8h = 8.6 mg BCl3/m³, in good agreement with the NOAEC for workers, see above.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Repeated dose toxicity: via oral route - systemic effects
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Justification for type of information:
- Hydrogen chloride:
A study is not required, nor considered an appropriate use of animals because of the known effects of presence of hydrogen chloride in the GI tract. The chemistry of this substance is well understood; as an inorganic salt it dissolves in water to form hydrogen and chloride ions, both of which are physiological electrolytes. Concentrated hydrogen chloride is corrosive to biological tissues. At concentrations lower than those that cause corrosion or irritancy, hydrogen chloride will have no effect on systemic toxicity. Following oral exposure, passage through the stomach will merely add modestly to the hydrochloric acid already present in the stomach. As a result of the physiological presence of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, the effects of excess (or insufficient) hydrogen chloride by the oral route are well understood. No further animal testing is necessary, or appropriate.
Boric acid:
A number of sub-chronic and chronic studies on boric acid and on disodium tetraborate were carried out in rats, mice and dogs. Most support that boron can cause adverse haematological effects and that the main target organ of boron toxicity is the testis. The NOAEL is 100 mg/kg bw/d for boric acid, from the chronic oral study with rat. - Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A category approach is applied.
- Route of administration:
- oral: unspecified
- Details on results:
- Hydrogen chloride:
A study is not required, nor considered an appropriate use of animals because of the known effects of presence of hydrogen chloride in the GI tract. The chemistry of this substance is well understood; as an inorganic salt it dissolves in water to form hydrogen and chloride ions, both of which are physiological electrolytes. Concentrated hydrogen chloride is corrosive to biological tissues. At concentrations lower than those that cause corrosion or irritancy, hydrogen chloride will have no effect on systemic toxicity. Following oral exposure, passage through the stomach will merely add modestly to the hydrochloric acid already present in the stomach. As a result of the physiological presence of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, the effects of excess (or insufficient) hydrogen chloride by the oral route are well understood. No further animal testing is necessary, or appropriate.
Boric acid:
A number of sub-chronic and chronic studies on boric acid and on disodium tetraborate were carried out in rats, mice and dogs. Most support that boron can cause adverse haematological effects and that the main target organ of boron toxicity is the testis. The NOAEL is 100 mg/kg bw/d for boric acid, from the chronic oral study with rat. - Critical effects observed:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The likely route of exposure for this gas is inhalation, and a read across to a repeated dose study by inhalation is provided and considered relevant and appropriate to address the anticipated route of human exposure.
- Executive summary:
The likely route of exposure for this gas is inhalation, and a read across to a repeated dose study by inhalation is provided and considered relevant and appropriate to address the anticipated route of human exposure.
Read across to data for the 2 degradation products:
Hydrogen chloride:
A study is not required, nor considered an appropriate use of animals because of the known effects of presence of hydrogen chloride in the GI tract. The chemistry of this substance is well understood; as an inorganic salt it dissolves in water to form hydrogen and chloride ions, both of which are physiological electrolytes. Concentrated hydrogen chloride is corrosive to biological tissues. At concentrations lower than those that cause corrosion or irritancy, hydrogen chloride will have no effect on systemic toxicity. Following oral exposure, passage through the stomach will merely add modestly to the hydrochloric acid already present in the stomach. As a result of the physiological presence of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, the effects of excess (or insufficient) hydrogen chloride by the oral route are well understood. No further animal testing is necessary, or appropriate.
Boric acid:
A number of sub-chronic and chronic studies on boric acid and on disodium tetraborate were carried out in rats, mice and dogs. Most support that boron can cause adverse haematological effects and that the main target organ of boron toxicity is the testis. The NOAEL is 100 mg/kg bw/d for boric acid, from the chronic oral study with rat.
Reference
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - systemic effects
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Justification for type of information:
- The 2 relevant NOAEC for BCl3, transcribed from the results of the 2 degradation products are:
- 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on 90d and on 2-years inhalation studies with HCl exposure for 6 h/d and 5 d/week to rats.
- 340 mg BCl3/m³ based on two oral 2-years studies with rats and mice with boric acid, and converted to a NOAEC, according to the ECHA Guidance on Info and CSA R.8 Figure R.8-3, assuming a workers exposure of 8 h/d and a 100 % absorption for inhalation and oral dosing and for rats and human. The 100 % absorptions are justified, see Section 7.1 on Toxicokinetics.
Boric acid is less toxic by a factor of >20, compared to HCl. The lower of the 2 NOAECs is critical for the BCl3 hazard evaluation. Therefore:
NOAECrat,6h/d,5d/w = 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on a 2-years inhalation study. This NOAEC was further converted to an exposure duration of 8 h/d for workers and an increased respiratory volume of workers. NOAECworkers,8h/d,5d/w = 16 mg BCl3/m³ *(6/8) * 6.7/10) = 8 mg/m³. - Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A category approach is applied.
- Route of administration:
- inhalation
- Details on results:
- The 2 relevant NOAEC for BCl3, transcribed from the results of the 2 degradation products are:
- 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on 90d and on 2-years inhalation studies with HCl exposure for 6 h/d and 5 d/week to rats.
- 340 mg BCl3/m³ based on two oral 2-years studies with rats and mice with boric acid, and converted to a NOAEC, according to the ECHA Guidance on Info and CSA R.8 Figure R.8-3, assuming a workers exposure of 8 h/d and a 100 % absorption for inhalation and oral dosing and for rats and human. The 100 % absorptions are justified, see Section 7.1 on Toxicokinetics.
Boric acid is less toxic by a factor of >20, compared to HCl. The lower of the 2 NOAECs is critical for the BCl3 hazard evaluation. Therefore:
NOAECrat,6h/d,5d/w = 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on a 2-years inhalation study. This NOAEC was further converted to an exposure duration of 8 h/d for workers and an increased respiratory volume of workers. NOAECworkers,8h/d,5d/w = 16 mg BCl3/m³ *(6/8) * 6.7/10) = 8 mg/m³. - Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 15 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- other: hydrogen chloride
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 15 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- other: hydrogen chloride
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 16 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- other: BCl3 by transcribing from the 2 NOAECs of 15 mg/m³ for HCl
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- other: boric acid.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: The NOAEL of 100 mg/kg bw is based on two 2-years studies with rats and mice with boric acid and disodium tetraborate. Effects were observed in testes and the blood system.
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 192 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- other: BCl3 by transcribing from the NOEL of 100 mg/kg bw for boric acid.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 340 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- other: BCl3
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The corrected NOAEC for worker conditions is NOAEC8h/d,5d/w = 8 mg/m³ based on a 2-years inhalation study.
- Executive summary:
The 2 relevant NOAEC for BCl3, transcribed from the results of the 2 degradation products are:
- 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on 90d and on 2-years inhalation studies with HCl exposure for 6 h/d and 5 d/week to rats.
- 340 mg BCl3/m³ based on two oral 2-years studies with rats and mice with boric acid, and converted to a NOAEC, according to the ECHA Guidance on Info and CSA R.8 Figure R.8-3, assuming a workers exposure of 8 h/d and a 100 % absorption for inhalation and oral dosing and for rats and human. The 100 % absorptions are justified, see Section 7.1 on Toxicokinetics.
Boric acid is less toxic by a factor of >20, compared to HCl. The lower of the 2 NOAECs is critical for the BCl3 hazard evaluation. Therefore:
NOAECrat,6h/d,5d/w = 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on a 2-years inhalation study.
The corrected NOAEC for worker conditions is NOAEC8h/d,5d/w = 8 mg BCl3/m³.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 16 mg/m³
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- Guideline study with GLP.
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - local effects
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Justification for type of information:
- The 2 relevant NOAEC for BCl3, transcribed from the results of the 2 degradation products are:
- 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on 90d and on 2-years inhalation studies with HCl exposure for 6 h/d and 5 d/week to rats.
- 340 mg BCl3/m³ based on two oral 2-years studies with rats and mice with boric acid, and converted to a NOAEC, according to the ECHA Guidance on Info and CSA R.8 Figure R.8-3, assuming a workers exposure of 8 h/d and a 100 % absorption for inhalation and oral dosing and for rats and human. The 100 % absorptions are justified, see Section 7.1 on Toxicokinetics.
Boric acid is less toxic by a factor of >20, compared to HCl. The lower of the 2 NOAECs is critical for the BCl3 hazard evaluation. Therefore:
NOAECrat,6h/d,5d/w = 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on a 2-years inhalation study. This NOAEC was further converted to an exposure duration of 8 h/d for workers and an increased respiratory volume of workers. NOAECworkers,8h/d,5d/w = 16 mg BCl3/m³ *(6/8) * 6.7/10) = 8 mg/m³. - Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A category approach is applied.
- Route of administration:
- inhalation
- Details on results:
- The 2 relevant NOAEC for BCl3, transcribed from the results of the 2 degradation products are:
- 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on 90d and on 2-years inhalation studies with HCl exposure for 6 h/d and 5 d/week to rats.
- 340 mg BCl3/m³ based on two oral 2-years studies with rats and mice with boric acid, and converted to a NOAEC, according to the ECHA Guidance on Info and CSA R.8 Figure R.8-3, assuming a workers exposure of 8 h/d and a 100 % absorption for inhalation and oral dosing and for rats and human. The 100 % absorptions are justified, see Section 7.1 on Toxicokinetics.
Boric acid is less toxic by a factor of >20, compared to HCl. The lower of the 2 NOAECs is critical for the BCl3 hazard evaluation. Therefore:
NOAECrat,6h/d,5d/w = 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on a 2-years inhalation study. This NOAEC was further converted to an exposure duration of 8 h/d for workers and an increased respiratory volume of workers. NOAECworkers,8h/d,5d/w = 16 mg BCl3/m³ *(6/8) * 6.7/10) = 8 mg/m³. - Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 15 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- other: hydrogen chloride
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 15 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- other: hydrogen chloride
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 16 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- other: BCl3 by transcribing from the 2 NOAECs of 15 mg/m³ for HCl
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- other: boric acid.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: The NOAEL of 100 mg/kg bw is based on two 2-years studies with rats and mice with boric acid and disodium tetraborate. Effects were observed in testes and the blood system.
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 192 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- other: BCl3 by transcribing from the NOEL of 100 mg/kg bw for boric acid.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 340 mg/m³ air
- Based on:
- other: BCl3
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The corrected NOAEC for worker conditions is NOAEC8h/d,5d/w = 8 mg/m³ based on a 2-years inhalation study.
- Executive summary:
The 2 relevant NOAEC for BCl3, transcribed from the results of the 2 degradation products are:
- 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on 90d and on 2-years inhalation studies with HCl exposure for 6 h/d and 5 d/week to rats.
- 340 mg BCl3/m³ based on two oral 2-years studies with rats and mice with boric acid, and converted to a NOAEC, according to the ECHA Guidance on Info and CSA R.8 Figure R.8-3, assuming a workers exposure of 8 h/d and a 100 % absorption for inhalation and oral dosing and for rats and human. The 100 % absorptions are justified, see Section 7.1 on Toxicokinetics.
Boric acid is less toxic by a factor of >20, compared to HCl. The lower of the 2 NOAECs is critical for the BCl3 hazard evaluation. Therefore:
NOAECrat,6h/d,5d/w = 16 mg BCl3/m³ based on a 2-years inhalation study.
The corrected NOAEC for worker conditions is NOAEC8h/d,5d/w = 8 mg BCl3/m³.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 16 mg/m³
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- Guideline study with GLP.
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - local effects
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: dermal
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The likely route of exposure for this gas is inhalation, and a read across to a repeated dose study by inhalation is provided and considered relevant and appropriate to address the anticipated route of human exposure.
- Executive summary:
The likely route of exposure for this gas is inhalation, and a read across to a repeated dose study by inhalation is provided and considered relevant and appropriate to address the anticipated route of human exposure.
Reference
Additional information
Justification for selection of repeated dose toxicity via oral route - systemic effects endpoint:
The likely route of exposure for this gas is inhalation, and a read across to a repeated dose study by inhalation is provided and considered relevant and appropriate to address the anticipated route of human exposure.
Justification for selection of repeated dose toxicity dermal - systemic effects endpoint:
The likely route of exposure for this gas is inhalation, and a read across to a repeated dose study by inhalation is provided and considered relevant and appropriate to address the anticipated route of human exposure.
The substance is corrosive to skin.
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - systemic effects (target organ) other: skin
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - systemic effects (target organ) other: skin
Justification for classification or non-classification
Derived from the more relevant degradation product HCl: The only observed lesions were local, corrosive effects and sequels as body weight changes. The corrosive effects of HCl and of BCl3 are known and are covered by the classification of both substances as corrosive. No justification is therefore obtained to classify BCl3 according to a specific target organ toxicity.
The NOAELoral for the other degradation product, boric acid, is 100 mg/kg bw from a 2-years study with rats, and therefore does not justify a classification, too.
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