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EC number: 430-710-1 | CAS number: 15290-77-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 1997-12-09 to 1998-01-16
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1984
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Purity: 98.18%
Batch No.: 9705-2A - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg/L
- Sampling method: At the start of the definitive test, triplicate samples (20 mL) were taken from the freshly-prepared dilutions of test material remaining in each preparation flask. After 48 hours, the contents of the test vessels at each level were pooled and further samples taken for analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- An aqueous stock preparation was prepared by injecting the appropriate volume of test material directly into dilution water. The stock was diluted appropriately to obtain the test concentrations.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Source: University of Sheffield, England
- Age at study initiation: less than 24 hours old - Culture method:
Culture vessels: two-litre glass beakers with loose-fitting glass covers.
Temperature: 20±2°C.
Light: 16 hours light, supplied by overhead fluorescent tubes, and eight hours darkness.
Water change: replaced twice each week
- Feeding regime: fed (at a density of 2 to 8 E+05 cells per mL) at least five times each week with suspensions of the unicellular green alga Chlorella vulgaris.
PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING JUVENILE DAPHNIA
The day before the start of each test, all juvenile Daphnia were removed from the laboratory cultures. The following morning, any juveniles produced by the gravid (egg-bearing) Daphnia were removed from the culture vessels and held in a separate holding vessel; these animals, which were less than 24 hours old, were used in the test. Between the time of isolation and use in the definitive test, the juveniles were held in water at 19.6 to 19.8°C. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 50 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 19.7 - 20.4 °C
- pH:
- 7.6 - 7.8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 95 - 99 %ASV
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg/L
Measured: 4.1 1, 7.52, 15.2, 32.4, 90.9 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 120-mL capacity glass bottles that were completely filled with media and sealed with a Teflon disc, secured with an aluminum cap
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted water prepared in accordance with Elendt M4, refert to "Appendix 2 Preparation of the reconstituted dilution water (Elendt M4)" in attached background material section.
- Intervals of water quality measurement:
The concentrations of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium in a sample of dilution medium typically used in this type of test are determined every three months.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light/ 8h darkness
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
Observations of the Daphnia were made 24 and 48 hours after the start. The appearance of the test media was noted at intervals during the test.
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 1, 10 and 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:
48-hour EC50 fell between 27.0 and 113 mg/L (measured levels).
The results of chemical analysis indicated that the measured concentrations were lower than intended, so a further two tests were conducted in which the method used to prepare the test media was amended; the results of chemical analysis from the third test indicated that the intended exposure concentration (100 mg/L) had been achieved. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 63.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: with 95% confidence limits of 32.4 and 90.9 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 32.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Effects:
At 24 hours, only 35% of the Daphnia were immobilised.
After 48 hours, at the highest test concentration (90.9 mg/L), 85% immobility was noted.
- Chemical analysis:
At the lowest concentration (6.25 mg/L) results were variable, presumably due to their proximity to the limit of detection of the analytical method (3.75 mg/L); the measured concentration was estimated to range from 4.0 mg/L at the start to 4.22 mg/L after 48 hours. At 12.5 to 100 mg/L, the measured levels of test item ranged 72 and 116% of their nominal values at the start; after 48 hours, the measured levels had decreased to between 61 and 71 % of their starting values. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid?
yes
- ECx: 48-hour EC50 to Daphnia magna was 0.67 mg/L; this was within the range typically obtained in this laboratory (0.3 to 0.8 mg/L). - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The 48h EC50 value was obtained by non-linear interpolation between the two concentrations which bracket the 50% effect level and the confidence limits were derived using the Binomial test.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 48h short term EC50 of the test material to Daphnia magna is 63.3 mg/L and the 48h NOEC was 32.4 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity of test item to Daphnia magna was assessed under static exposure conditions over a period of 48 hours using methods based on OECD Procedure 202.
Groups of twenty Daphnia were exposed to test item at nominal concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L or to dilution medium alone (Elendt M4). Because the test material was known to be volatile nature, it was added directly to water and the test vessels were completely filled leaving no head space and sealed throughout the test.
At 24 hours, only 35% of the Daphnia were immobilised. After 48 hours, at the highest test concentration (90.9 mg/L), 85% immobility was noted.
The 48h short term EC50 of the test material to Daphnia magna is 63.3 mg/L and the 48h NOEC was 32.4 mg/L.
Reference
Description of key information
The acute toxicity of test item to Daphnia magna was assessed under static exposure conditions over a period of 48 hours using methods based on OECD Procedure 202.
The 48h short term EC50 of the test material to Daphnia magna is 63.3 mg/L and the 48h NOEC was 32.4 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 63.3 mg/L
Additional information
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