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EC number: 219-834-3 | CAS number: 2549-51-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- other: An assessment was performed based on literature data on the degradation products of VCA
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 09 May 2017
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: An assessment was performed based on literature data on the degradation products of the substance
- Justification for type of information:
- An experimental study to determine the toxicity of VCA to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria was not considered necessary, nor scientifically justified, since the registered substance is expected to undergo rapid abiotic transformation upon contact with water. Therefore the degradation products of VCA were assessed instead in order to calculate an EC50 value for VCA.
- Qualifier:
- no guideline required
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- An assessment was performed based on literature data on the degradation products of VCA
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.036 mg/L
- Remarks on result:
- other: Expert assessment based on literature data on degradation products
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Conclusions:
- It is not scientifically necessary to perform a study on the toxicity of VCA to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria, since it hydrolyses rapidly in water to form Chloroacetic acid and Acetaldehyde. The aquatic toxicity of VCA is expected to be driven by the toxicity of these degradation products. The EC50 of VCA was calculated to be 0.03584 mg/L based on the lowest calculated EC50 values across both degradation products. This is the most sensitive trophic level with regards to the aquatic toxicity of VCA.
- Executive summary:
VCA has been found to hydrolyse rapidly (t1/2 12 hrs) upon contact with water to give two main degradation products: Chloroacetic acid (CAS 79-11-8 / EC 201-178-4) and Acetaldehyde (CAS 75-07- 0 / EC 200-836-8). Subsequently, the toxicity of VCA to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria was determined by means of expert assessment, based on the ecotoxicity of its degradation products, for which substantial literature data is already available. A literature search was conducted to obtain a value for the toxicity of Chloroacetic acid and Acetaldehyde to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria.
Considering the uses of VCA, it is the toxicity to freshwater species that was considered.
The lowest calculated EC50 value was taken from across both degradation products, in order to take the most conservative approach. Chloroacetic acid was found to be the degradation product with the lowest EC50. For the purpose of the assessment it was assumed that VCA hydrolyses entirely into the two degradation products. The 48 hour EC50 value for chloroacetic acid is 0.028 mg/L. To produce this amount of chloroacetic acid, 0.03584 mg/L VCA must be hydrolysed. Therefore, it can be concluded that the 48 hour EC50 for the toxicity of VCA to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria is 0.03584 mg/L.
Reference
Description of key information
It is not scientifically necessary to perform a study on the toxicity of VCA to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria, since it hydrolyses rapidly in water to form Chloroacetic acid and Acetaldehyde. The 48 hour EC50 for the toxicity of VCA to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria was calculated to be 0.03584 mg/L based on the amount of VCA required to produce 0.028 mg/L of chloroacetic acid. This value is the lowest calculated EC50 value across the degrdation products. This is the most sensitive trophic level with regards to the aquatic toxicity of VCA, and therefore the PNEC calculation and classification are based upon this value.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 0.036 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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