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EC number: 202-804-9 | CAS number: 99-96-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: dermal
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: dermal
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 08.09.1980-08.10.1980
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable, well-documented study report which meets basic scientific principles.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 981
- Report date:
- 1981
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: 40 CFR Part 163.81-2 EPA Pesticides Program
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- equivalent or similar to 40 CFR Part 163.81-2 EPA Pesticides Program(Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides Program, Proposed Guideline for Registering Pesticides in the U.S.; Hazard Evaluation: Humans and Domestic Animal, Acute Dermal Toxicity Study.de
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- Acceptable, well-documented study report which meets basic scientific principles.
- Test type:
- fixed dose procedure
- Limit test:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-HBA
- IUPAC Name:
- 4-HBA
- Details on test material:
- Test material was labeled with C-194
-white powder
-storage: room temperature
Comment by the applicant:
Existing retained samples from batches of C-194 of 1980 were analytically rechecked. The identity was confirmed with a content of 4-HBA of approximately 100% (NMR analysis).
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
Supplier: Dutchland Laboratory Animals, Denver, Pennsylvania
Age at study initiation: young adults
males: 2.2-2.8 kg
females: 2.5-3.0 kg
Equilibration period: 16 days
Housing: individually
Food: Purina Rabbit Chow, ad libitum
Water: automatic watering system, ad libitum
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Temperature: 62 - 66°F
Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Vehicle:
- physiological saline
- Details on dermal exposure:
- On the day before dosing the hair of each rabbit was closely clipped from the trunk with an electric clipper. Just prior to dosing, the skin of all the animals was abraded longitudinally every 2 to 3 centimeters over the area of exposure, deep enough to penetrate the stratum corneum.
The dry material was placed directly onto an 8-ply, 4'' by 12'' piece of gauze (10.16 cm x 30.5 cm) and then moistened with a measured amount of physiological saline (approximately 15 ml). The gauze was then wrapped around the animal to cover the application site. The animal was then wrapped in an impervious plastic sleeve, designed to contain the test material without leakage or undue pressure. The sleeve was secured with masking tape and Elizabethan collars were placed on all animals. - Duration of exposure:
- Following 24 hours of exposure, the wrappings were removed and the test site wiped free of excess test material. After 30 minutes, dermal observations were made.
- Doses:
- 2000mg/kg bw., 1.6 mg/cm²
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 per sex and dose, together 10
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- Parameters: body weight, mortality, dermal observation, in-life observation,
necropsy: 13 days after application (day 14/ first day of application: day 1).
Dosing start: September 24, 1980
Dosing finish (24h): September 25, 1980
Termination/Sacrifice/Necropsy: October 8, 1980 - Statistics:
- no statistics performed
Results and discussion
- Preliminary study:
- A single dermal application of 2000mg/kg bw. for 24 hours in an occlusive way did not cause any mortality.
No clear signs of systemic toxicity werde observed. Dermal observations revealed only very slight erythema and/or slight edema.
Possible signs of systemic toxicity were: urinary staining, fecal staining, soft stool, left eye - red nictitating membrane, food consumption decrease. During the 24 hours test material application, signs exhibited sporadically in single animals included nasal and/or oral and/or ocular discharge, fecal staining, soft stool, unrinary staining, red eye - red nictitating membrane and hypoactivity. Decreased food consumption was exhibited in several animals from Day 2 through Day 11. During the 8-14 day interval, nasal discharge was exhibited by four males and four females.
Effect levels
- Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- discriminating dose
- Effect level:
- > 2 000 mg/kg bw
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Clinical signs:
- other: During the 24 hours test material application, signs exhibited sporadically in single animals included nasal and/or oral and/or ocular discharge, fecal staining, soft stool, unrinary staining and hypoactivity, decreased food consumption
- Gross pathology:
- 2 animals: no observable abnormalities,
5 animals: nasal discharge, lungs: mottled tan,
4 animals: kidneys: pale, ovaries: clear cysts,
3 animals: spleen: roughened,
2 animals: adrenals: red foci
1 animal: lung: all lobes - mottled brown periphery - Other findings:
- Dermal observations: Very slight (barely perceptible) erythema was exhibited by eight of the ten animals and three animals exhibited very slight edema. Two animals exhibited no signs of dermal irritation.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- practically nontoxic
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: OECD GHS
- Conclusions:
- The LD50 of the test substance is greater than 2000 mg/kg.
Therefore p-Hydroxybenzoic acid does not have to be classified according to OECD-GHS criteria. Acute dermal toxicity is greater than 2000 mg/kg bw. - Executive summary:
A single dermal application of 2000 mg/kg bw. for 24 hours in an occlusive way did not cause any mortality.
On the day before dosing the hair of each rabbit was closely clipped from the trunk with an electric clipper. Just prior to dosing, the skin of all the animals was abraded longitudinally every 2 to 3 centimeters over the area of exposure, deep enough to penetrate the stratum corneum. The dry material was placed directly onto an 8-ply, 4'' by 12'' piece of gauze (10.16 cm x 30.5 cm) and then moistened with a measured amount of physiological saline (approximately 15 ml). The gauze was then wrapped around the animal to cover the application site. The animal was then wrapped in an impervious plastic sleeve, designed to contain the test material without leakage or undue pressure. The sleeve was secured with masking tape and Elizabethan collars were placed on all animals. Following 24 hours of exposure, the wrappings were removed and the test site wiped free of excess test material. After 30 minutes, dermal observations were made.
No clear signs of local or systemic toxicity werde observed. Dermal observations revealed only very slight erythema and/or slight edema.
Possible signs of systemic toxicity were: urinary staining, fecal staining, soft stool, left eye - red nictitating membrane, food consumption decrease.
During the 24 hours test material application, signs exhibited sporadically in single animals included nasal and/or oral and/or ocular discharge, fecal staining, soft stool, unrinary staining, left eye - red nictitating membrane and hypoactivity. Decreased food consumption was exhibited in several animals from Day 2 through Day 11. During the 8-14 day interval, nasal discharge was exhibited by four males and four females.
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