Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 215-168-2 | CAS number: 1309-37-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail. However, medium used did not contain many ions and stability measurements only conducted for 80 min.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- The effects of extracellular polymeric substances on magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles stability and the removal of microcystin-LR in aqueous environments
- Author:
- Yang, Y., Hou J., Wang P., Wang C., Miao L., Ao Y., Wang X., Lv B., You G., Liu Z., Shao Y.
- Year:
- 2 018
- Bibliographic source:
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, volume 148, pages 89 - 96
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Interaction between extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from cyanobacteria and alginic acid sodium salt (AASS) from brown algae with iron oxide nanoparticles (gamma-Fe2O3) was studied in an aqueous solution, and in combination with the cyanotoxin microcystin-LR.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Diiron trioxide
- EC Number:
- 215-168-2
- EC Name:
- Diiron trioxide
- Cas Number:
- 1309-37-1
- Molecular formula:
- Fe2O3
- IUPAC Name:
- diiron(3+) trioxidandiide
- Test material form:
- solid: nanoform
- Details on test material:
- Purity: no information
Crystalline phase: maghemite
Particle size: 50 - 80 nm (SEM)
Mean hydrodynamic diameter: 244 ± 17 nm (Milli-Q water)
Surface charge (zeta potential in Milli-Q water): 29.2 ± 0.3 mV
obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (544884)
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
Characteristics of IONPs and NOM:
- The HDD of the IONPs measured by DLS was much larger than the primary particle size.
- The zeta-potential of different NOM used in this study was negative under the experimental conditions.
Table 1: Properties of IONPs and NOM used in this study, determined in Milli-Q water at pH 7 (± standard deviation), n = 3.
Contents |
Hydrodynamic diameter (nm) |
Zeta potential (mV) |
Point of zero charge in ultrapure water |
Concentration (mg/L) |
IONPs |
244 ± 17 |
29.2 ± 0.3 |
7.9 |
100 |
EPS-M1 |
124.7 ± 27 |
- 22.1 ± 6.5 |
5.2 |
200 |
EPS-M9 |
196.2 ± 19 |
- 21.3 ± 0.6 |
5.4 |
200 |
AASS |
35.6 ± 1.4 |
- 60.9 ± 4.9 |
4.1 |
200 |
Stability of IONPs:
- The different types of NOM and different concentrations affected the stability of IONPs. The presence of 1 mg/L of EPS-M1 or EPS-M9 inhibited the sedimentation of IONPs to a greater extent (39% and 26% remaining suspended fraction for M1 and M9 respectively) than the presence of 1 mg/L of AASS (6% remaining suspended fraction) after 80 min.
- Higher concentrations of AASS stabilized the IONP suspension more, at 10 mg/L AASS 40% of IONPs remained as suspended fraction and approximately 25% remained suspended at 50 mg/L AASS.
- In contrast, suspended fractions of IONPs decreased by adding 10 mg/L of M1 (14%) or M9 (18%), and no obvious stabilizing effect was observed compared to the control when adding 50 mg/L of M1 or M9.
- In the control, where no NOM was added, approximately 10% of IONPs (graphically derived) remained suspended after 80 min, suggesting low suspension stability of IONPs without addition of NOM.
- The zeta-potential of IONPs measured at different EPS-M1/M9 concentrations steadily decreased from 29.2 mV at 1 mg/L EPS to 1.62 mV at 50 mg/L EPS.
- DLS measurements revealed, that IONPs aggregated significantly with the addition of 5 mM NaCl (pH 7), as HDD increased from ~ 250 nm to ~ 1750 nm within 40 min.
- In the presence of NOM, the HDD of IONPs increased less obviously, as the HDD increased only to ~ 400 nm (10 mg/L M1) and ~ 350 nm (10 mg/L M9), respectively, after 40 min.
- In this study, EPS-M1 and EPS-M9 exhibited a stronger ability to stabilized IONPs than AASS under experimental conditions.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- This study investigates the influence of extracellular polymeric substances from cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa) and brown algae on the properties and stability of maghemite nanoparticles (gamma-Fe2O3) in aqueous solutions. The experiments showed that a better dispersion of IONPs was observed in the presence of EPS and AASS (NOM from cyanobacteria and brown algae) due to electrostatic repulsion. Suspension stability measurements by UV-vis revealed that without addition of NOM, approximately only 10% of IONPs remained suspended after 80 min. In contrast, especially low concentrations of EPS (1 mg/L) and higher concentrations of AASS (10 mg/L) enhanced the stability of IONPs, since up to 40% of IONPs remain suspended after 80 min. However, as the NOM concentrations in the actual environment could be higher and the water chemistry is more complex than that used in this study, the applicability of the results is subject to uncertainty. Furthermore, the stability of the suspension was determined after a relatively short period of time.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.