Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 921-577-3 | CAS number: 1174918-60-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1996-07-30 to 1996-08-02
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- This study is classified as reliable without restriction because it is in compliance with OECD principles of GLP and the E.U. Council Decision on GLP.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 996
- Report date:
- 1996
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Protocol deviations were minor and were not expected to interfere with the overall study results. Test report did not provide rationale for in vivo testing. Test report did not provide analysis for the stability, identity, strength, purity, composition.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EC Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC), Methods of Determination of Toxicity, Annex V, Part B.5
- Deviations:
- yes
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Animal Welfare Act (1966)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Guide for the Care and Use of laboratory Animals (1985) DHHS
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Pentane
- EC Number:
- 203-692-4
- EC Name:
- Pentane
- Cas Number:
- 109-66-0
- Molecular formula:
- C5H12
- IUPAC Name:
- pentane
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): n-pentane
- Substance type: C5 aliphatic
- Physical state: liquid
- Purity, stability, strenght, identity, and composition: Analysis was performed, but not provided in study report.
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: June 2001
-Storage condition of test material: refrigerated
-Supplier: Exxon Chemical, Belgium
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: HPR Inc., Denver, Pennsylvania
- Age at study initiation: Approximately 12 to 13 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 2.29 to 2.34 kg
- Housing: Each animal was kept in a separate suspended stainless steel and wire mesh cage with absorbent paper.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: lasted 8 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 18 to 21 °C
- Humidity (%): 40 to 60% relative humidity
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours light and 12 hours dark
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 1996-07-30 To: 1996-08-02
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: The contralateral eye on each animal served as the control.
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.1 ml
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Animals were exposed to 0.1 ml of the test material once over a 72-hour period.
- Observation period (in vivo):
- Observations were made at approximately 1, 24, 48, and 72 hours post-application.
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3 males
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): The treated eyes of the 3 test animals remained unwashed.
SCORING SYSTEM: The Draize Standard Eye Irritation Grading Scale (Draize, 1959) was used for scoring. Animals were examined and scored using the naked eye begining at each 24 hour interval.
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: Two percent fluorescein dye was used under UV light to aid in examination and scoring.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- other: Redness
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour
- Score:
- 2.33
- Max. score:
- 110
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- other: Redness
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 24 hour
- Score:
- 1.33
- Max. score:
- 110
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- other: Redness
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 48 hour
- Score:
- 0.33
- Max. score:
- 110
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour
- Score:
- 0.33
- Max. score:
- 110
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 72 hours
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Some degree of occular irritation of the conjunctiva was observed in all three animals. Redness was observed in all animals at the 1 and 24 hour observation points. Only for rabbit number JEK361M did redness persisted through to the 48 hour timepoint; chemosis and discharge were also observed in this animal at the 1 hour interval. No irritation was observed for any other irritation parameter or time point for the remaining two animals. No conjunctival irritation was observed at 72 hours for any test organism. n-Pentane was observed to be fully reversible within 72 hours.
- Other effects:
- Clinical signs were not observed in any animal and all animals survived until study termination.
Any other information on results incl. tables
|
1 hour |
24 hour |
48 hour |
72 hour |
Redness |
2.33 |
1.33 |
0.33 |
0.00 |
Chemosis |
0.33 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Iris |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Opacity |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: OECD GHS
- Conclusions:
- Ocular exposure to 0.1 ml of n-pentane caused reversable irritation to the conjunctiva, but no iridial or corneal responses in any of the rabbits. Any sign of occular irritation was cleared in all test animals by the 72 hour interval.
- Executive summary:
n-Pentane was tested for ocular irritation in 3 New Zealand White rabbits at a single 0.1 ml dose. Observations were made at 1, 24, 48, and 72 hours after application for indications of ocular irritation. Reactions were scored based on the Draize Standard Eye Irritation Grading Scale (Draize, 1959). N-pentane caused ocular irritation of the conjunctiva in all three test animals. All animals showed signs of redness at 1 hour and 24 hours after the installation. In only one animal did redness persist until the 48 hour observation period; this same animal was the only one to exhibit chemosis and discharge responses (at the 1 hour interval). All 3 animals were cleared of any ocular irritation at the 72 hour observation.
This study received a Klimish score of 1, reliable without restriction, because it is in compliance with OECD principles of GLP and the E.U. Council Decision on GLP.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
![ECHA](/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/echa_logo.png)