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EC number: 201-696-0 | CAS number: 86-74-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable publication which meets basic scientific principles
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Environmental Fate of Five Radiolabeled Coal Conversion By-Products Evaluated in a Laboratory Model Ecosystem
- Author:
- Lu P-Y, Metcarf RL, and Carlson EM
- Year:
- 1 978
- Bibliographic source:
- Environ Health Perspect 24, 201-208
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The distribution of various polycyclic (hetero)aromatic substances radiolabeled with tritium was determined over time (33 days) in a laboratory terrestrial-aquatic model ecosystem consisting of Sorghum leaves and salt marsh caterpillars on one side and plankton, alga, daphnia, and snail complemented with mosquito larvae and fish on the other side.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of study / information:
- The amount of test compound measured as radioactivity in different environmental compartments and trophic organisms (water, alga, snail, mosquito, fish) was determined. Biotransformation intermediate products were identified. No overall mass balance could be established. The biomagnification as well as biodegradability potential were estimated.
In addition, partition coefficients and water solubility were determined using the radioactive test substances.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Carbazole
- EC Number:
- 201-696-0
- EC Name:
- Carbazole
- Cas Number:
- 86-74-8
- Molecular formula:
- C12H9N
- IUPAC Name:
- 9H-carbazole
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): carbazole
- 3H-labeled test substance was prepared by a modification of the method of Hilton and O'Brian (1964, J Agr. Food Chem 12, 236).
0.16 mL of T2O was mixed with P205 and BF3 gas to form an active T3PO4-BF3 complex as active medium
which was reacted with 60 mg of pure unlabeled compound.
- Analytical purity: no data
- Radiochemical purity (if radiolabelling): 99.04%
- Specific activity (if radiolabelling): 68.55 mCi/mMol
- Locations of the label (if radiolabelling): randomly labeled with tritium
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
Tritium in the aqueous phase reached a maximum of 0.1246 ppm after 14 days and declined to 0.0433 ppm after 33 days.
The overall distribution and fate of tritium labeled compounds in different environmental/trophic constituents is shown in the following table (carbazole equivalents in ppm).
|
Water |
Alga |
Snail |
Mosquito |
Fish |
Unextractable 3H |
0.01628 |
0.1805 |
1.4977 |
0.9950 |
0.2666 |
Total extractable 3H |
0.02140 |
0.2298 |
0.5757 |
0.2217 |
0.2273 |
Carbazole |
0.00053 |
0.0231 |
0.0709 |
0.0593 |
0.0665 |
N-Methylcarbazole |
- |
- |
0.0064 |
0.0437 |
0.0023 |
N-Acetylcarbazole |
0.00001 |
0.0037 |
0.0442 |
- |
0.0665 |
Unknown metabolites |
0.00005 |
0.2006 |
0.1539 |
0.0493 |
0.0069 |
Polar extractables |
0.00453 |
0.0024 |
0.3003 |
0.0694 |
0.1490 |
The parent compound carbazole amounted to 10.1% of total tritium in alga (EM = 49), to 12.3% in snail (EM = 134), to 26.8% in mosquito (EM = 112), and to 29.3% in fish (EM = 125)
Unextractable tritium was relatively high in all the organisms and comprised 43.9% of total tritium in alga, 72.7% in snail, 81.8% in mosquito, and 53.9% in fish.
In addition to N-methyl- and N-acetylcarbazole, three more metabolites could be separated in the extractable fraction by TLC (unpolar solvent, cyclohexane:aceton 90:10 v/v) which could not be identified (unknown metabolites).
The results indicate that carbazole is more readily degraded and less subject to biomagnifications than the other aromatic polycyclic compounds investigated in this study.
Using radioactive test substance, the partition coefficient was determined to be 2560 (logPow = 3.41). Water solubility at 25° C was 0.9075 mg/L.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The distribution and the fate of 3H-labeled carbazole was investigated in a laboratory terrestrial-aquatic model ecosystem consisting of Sorghum leaves, salt marsh caterpillars, plankton, alga, daphnia, snail, mosquito larvae, and fish for a complete food chain.
Tritium in the aqueous phase reached a maximum of 0.1246 ppm after 14 days and declined to 0.0433 ppm at the end of the experiment after 33 days. The parent compound carbazole amounted to 10.1% of total tritium in alga (EM = 49), to 12.3% in snail (EM = 134), to 26.8% in mosquito (EM = 112), and to 29.3% in fish (EM = 125) (EM = concentration of parent compound in the organism/concentration of parent compound in the water). Unextractable tritium was relatively high in all the organisms and comprised 43.9% of total tritium in alga, 72.7% in snail, 81.8% in mosquito, and 53.9% in fish indicating that transformation of carbazole was intense.
Results suggest that the bioaccumulation potential of native cabazole is limited.
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