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EC number: 207-306-5 | CAS number: 460-19-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 960
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Four male albino rabbits whose weights averaged 4.5 pounds were closely clipped of their fur, restrained in a wooden stock, and placed in the chamber. An especially designed door, through which the rabbits heads extended into glass jarsmaintained under positive air pressure, prevented the rabbits from breathing cyanogen while their bodies were being exposed and also made observation of the heads of the rabbits possible. The bodies of the rabbits were exposed to ethanedinitrile concentration of 10,000 ppm for a period of 8 hours.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Oxalonitrile
- EC Number:
- 207-306-5
- EC Name:
- Oxalonitrile
- Cas Number:
- 460-19-5
- Molecular formula:
- C2N2
- IUPAC Name:
- carbononitridic cyanide
- Test material form:
- gas
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Ethanedinitrile ≥ 99.5 %
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- male albino rabbits
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Four male albino rabbits whose weights averaged 4.5 pounds were closely clipped of their fur, restrained in a wooden stock, and placed in the chamber. An especially designed door, through which the rabbits heads extended into glass jarsmaintained under positive air pressure, prevented the rabbits from breathing cyanogen while their bodies were being exposed and also made observation of the heads of the rabbits possible. The bodies of the rabbits were exposed to ethanedinitrile concentration of 10,000 ppm for a period of 8 hours.
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- open
- Preparation of test site:
- clipped
- Vehicle:
- other: air
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- 10,000 ppm
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 8 hours
- Observation period:
- 8 hours
- Number of animals:
- 4
- Details on study design:
- Four male albino rabbits whose weights averaged 4.5 pounds were closely clipped of their fur, restrained in a wooden stock, and placed in the chamber. An especially designed door, through which the rabbits heads extended into glass jars maintained under positive air pressure, prevented the rabbits from breathing cyanogen while their bodies were being exposed and also made observation of the heads of the rabbits possible. The bodies of the rabbits were exposed to ethanedinitrile concentration of 10,000 ppm for a period of 8 hours.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- >= 0 <=
- Max. score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- >= 0 <=
- Max. score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Dermal exposure of rabbits to ethanedinitrile gas in an acute toxicity study indicates that ethanedinitrile is not a skin irritant. Dermal exposure of rabbits to 10,000 ppm (~21 g/m3) of ethanedinitrile for eight hours did not result in any clinical observations or macroscopic effects. None of the observation data meet requirements for labelling of EDN as a skin irritating substance, resulting from the requirements for substance classification according (ES) 1272/2008.
- Other effects:
- no other effects observed
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: CLP criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- Dermal exposure of rabbits to ethanedinitrile gas in an acute toxicity study indicates that ethanedinitrile is not a skin irritant. Dermal exposure of rabbits to 10,000 ppm (~21 g/m3) of ethanedinitrile for eight hours did not result in any clinical observations or macroscopic effects.
- Executive summary:
Dermal exposure of rabbits to ethanedinitrile gas in an acute toxicity study indicates that ethanedinitrile is not a skin irritant. Dermal exposure of rabbits to 10,000 ppm (~21 g/m3) of ethanedinitrile for eight hours did not result in any clinical observations or macroscopic effects. None of the observation data meet requirements for labelling of EDN as a skin irritating substance, resulting from the requirements for substance classification according (ES) 1272/2008.
Materials and Methods
Test material Ethanedinitrile (Cyanogen), (NCCN)
Specification Ethanedinitrile gas
Purity 99.5% (0.5%–nitrogen, chlorine, cyanogen chloride)
Test Animals Rat
Strain Albino rat – strain not reported
Source Not reported
Sex Males only
Age/weight at study initiation 135 g (average)
Number of animals per group 13 groups of six rats – six different concentrations, six different time periods and control
Administration/Exposure Inhalation
Postexposure period 14 days
Concentration of test substance
Nominal concentration: 0, 533, 537, 851, 851, 1054, 1066, 2115, 2111, 4207, 4223, 8508, 8571 mg/m³ (0, 250, 250, 400, 400, 500, 500, 1000, 1000, 2000, 2000, 4000 and 4000 ppm)
Type of exposure Whole body
Duration of exposure 120, 60, 45, 30, 15, 7.5 and 0 minutes
Controls Not reported
Results and Discussion
Clinical symptoms asphyxiation, lacrimation, upper respiratory tract irritation, pink coloration of the noticeable skin, blinking eyes, rubbing of forepaws over eyes and snout, huddling together with inactivity, slow gasping, tearful eyes, yellow fluid dripping from nares and mouth, restless and panic type movements, accentuated and poorly coordinated motions, bright pink coloration of the skin, laboured breathing, gasping, tremors, sluggishness, prostration, shallow breathing, death
Pathology Not reported
LC50 23,400 ppm / t; t= exposure duration in min
See the Table 5.2.3-2 Effects of the Acute Inhalation Exposures of Ethanedinitrile upon Male Albino Rats and a Time-concentration Graph which are enclosed below.
Summary and conclusion
Rats were housed in wire mesh cages within the chamber and exposed to a total of six different concentrations of ethanedinitrile and six different time periods. Survivors were observed for 14 days after exposure. Body weight of rats was measured before exposure and after 14 days.
The present study showed that rats withstood 250 ppm of ethanedinitrile for 120 min with only partial mortality and 500 ppm for 30 min with no deaths. In addition, the capacity of the rats in this study to tolerate the excessive concentrations of 1,000 and 2,000 ppm of ethanedinitrile for periods of approximately 15 and 7.5 min, respectively, points toward a lower toxicity.
Assuming transformation of one molecule of ethanedinitrile to one molecule of hydrogen cyanide, following approximate LC values may be calculated for HCN (t = exposure duration in min):
LC0= 15,900 mg/m3/t
LC50= 25,850 mg/m3/t
LC100= 41,050 mg/m3/t
Non-guideline study; the study from 1960 is not in the GLP system, but the method used is comparable to methods standardised by EU Directive 440/2008.
Table 5.2.3-2: Effects of the Acute Inhalation Exposures of Ethanedinitrile Upon Male Albino rats
Concentration ofEthanedinitrile
Average Temp. (°C)
Length of exposure (min)
Length build-up period (min)
Mortality ratio (dead/dosed)
Initial average weight of rats (g)
Average weight gain after 14 days (g)
(ppm)
(mg/m3)
4000
8571
22.8
7.5
3.0
3/6
162
44
4000
8508
25.0
15
3.0
6/6
156
-
2000
4223
27.2
7.5
1.5
0/6
126
55
2000
4207
28.3
15
1.5
6/6
121
-
1000
2111
27.2
15
0.5
0/6
123
52
1000
2115
26.7
30
0.5
6/6
123
-
500
1066
24.4
30
0.3
0/6
134
49
500
1054
27.8
45
0.3
6/6
122
-
400
851
25.0
45
0.25
0/6
144
46
400
851
25.0
60
0.25
6/6
137
-
250
537
22.2
60
0.15
0/6
160
59
250
533
24.4
120
0.15
4/6
127
38
Control
-
-
-
-
0/6
167
53
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