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EC number: 201-417-2 | CAS number: 82-38-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2016
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 016
- Report date:
- 2016
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-D (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1-(methylamino)anthraquinone
- EC Number:
- 201-417-2
- EC Name:
- 1-(methylamino)anthraquinone
- Cas Number:
- 82-38-2
- Molecular formula:
- C15H11NO2
- IUPAC Name:
- 1-(methylamino)anthraquinone
- Test material form:
- solid
Constituent 1
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- Species/Origin: Aerobic activated sludge, micro organisms from a domestic waste water treatment plant was supplied by the sewage plant Rossdorf, Germany.
Conditioning: The aerobic activated sludge used for this study was washed by centrifugation and the supernatant liquid phase was decanted. The solid material was re-suspended in tap water and centrifuged again. This procedure was done three times. An aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighed, dried and the ratio of wet sludge to its dry weight was determined. Based on this ratio, calculated aliquots of washed sludge suspension, corresponding to 3.5 g dry material per litre were mixed with test water and aerated overnight. This suspension was used for the experiment. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
Initial test substance concentration
- Initial conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- The purpose of this study was to determine the ready biodegradability of the test item . The test item was exposed to aerobic activated sludge from the aeration tank of a domestic waste water treatment plant for 28 days. The biodegradation was followed by the oxygen uptake of the microorganisms during exposure. As a reference item sodium benzoate was tested simultaneously under the same conditions as the test item, and functioned as a procedure control.
This type of study is recognized by the international test guidelines and should provide a rational basis to assess the ready biodegradation properties of the test item when incubated with aerobic activated sludge.
Test Units
Type and Size: Manometric Test System with test flasks containing a volume of approximately 500 mL.
Apparatus: BSB/BOD-Sensor-System, Aqualytic Dortmund, Germany
Principle: The test flasks were incubated at 22°C * 1°C. The pressure decrease in the reaction vessels was measured over complete experimental phase of 28 days using the BSB/BOD-Sensor-System, Aqualytic Dortmund, Germany. The test flasks were closed gas-tight by a measuring head. Potassium hydroxide solution (45%) was used for trapping the produced carbon dioxide. The amount of O2 consumed by the activated sludge was calculated from the decrease of pressure in the reaction vessel.
Preparation of Test Flasks:The amounts of test item and reference item were directly weighed into the test flasks. No emulsifiers or solvents were used.
Incubation: The closed test flasks were incubated in a climatised room under continuous stirring. The consumption of oxygen was determined by measuring the change of pressure in the flasks. Evolved carbon dioxide was absorbed in an aqueous solution (45%) of potassium hydroxide.
Test Duration: 28 days
Measurement of Oxygen: The change of pressure in the test flasks was measured by means of a manometric method (BSB/BOD-Sensor-System, Aqualytic Dortmund, Germany) each day.
Temperature: Temperature was measured each working day in the climatised room.
pH-Value: pH-values were measured in control, procedure control and a separately prepared test flask with test item at test start (to prevent loss of test item in the test flasks) and in all flasks at the end of the test using a pH-electrode WTW pH 340i.
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
Results and discussion
% Degradation
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 0
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The test item contains nitrogen;therefore the evaluation of biodegradation has to be
based ThODNH4 and ThODNO3. The criterion for ready biodegradability under the conditions of a manometric
respirometry test is the 10-day window, describing the period between reaching at least 10% degradation
and 60% degradation. This period should not exceed 10 days.
The mean biodegradation of Solvaperm-Rot PFS at test end after 28 days was 0% (ThODNH4, ThODNO3).
Conclusion:
The degradation rate of test item did not
reach 60% within the 10-day window or after 28 days. Therefore, Solvaperm-Rot PFS is considered to be not
readily biodegradable.
Biodegradation in the Toxicity Control
Percentage Biodegradation: In the toxicity control containing both, the test item and the reference item sodium benzoate, 35% (ThODNH4) biodegradation was noted within 14 days and 36% (ThODNH4) biodegradation after 28 days of incubation (33% and 34% based on ThODNO3). According to the test guidelines, the test item can be assumed to be not inhibitory to the aerobic activated sludge microorganisms because degradation was >25% within 14 days.
Conclusion: According to the test guidelines the test item can be assumed to be not inhibitory to the aerobic activated sludge microorganisms because degradation was >25% within 14 days.
BOD5 / COD results
- Results with reference substance:
- Biodegradation of Reference Item Sodium Benzoate
Percentage Biodegradation: The reference item sodium benzoate was sufficiently degraded to 76% after 14 days and to 81% after
28 days of incubation.
Conclusion: The percentage biodegradation of the reference item confirms the suitability of the used aerobic activated sludge inoculum.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table2. Cumulative Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg O2/L) in Test Flasks during the Test Period of 28 Days
test item | control | Na-Benzoate | abiotic C. | Tox. Stand | |||
day | BSB [mg/L] FLASK | ||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 55 | 0 | 60 |
2 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 75 | 0 | 75 |
3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 110 | 0 | 110 |
4 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 125 | 0 | 125 |
5 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 135 | 0 | 135 |
6 | 10 | 10 | 15 | 15 | 140 | 0 | 140 |
7 | 10 | 10 | 15 | 15 | 140 | 0 | 145 |
8 | 10 | 10 | 15 | 15 | 145 | 0 | 145 |
9 | 15 | 10 | 15 | 15 | 145 | 0 | 150 |
10 | 15 | 10 | 20 | 15 | 145 | 0 | 150 |
11 | 15 | 15 | 20 | 20 | 150 | 0 | 150 |
12 | 20 | 15 | 20 | 20 | 150 | 0 | 155 |
13 | 20 | 15 | 20 | 20 | 150 | 0 | 155 |
14 | 20 | 15 | 20 | 20 | 150 | 0 | 155 |
15 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 155 | 0 | 155 |
16 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 20 | 155 | 0 | 155 |
17 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 155 | 0 | 160 |
18 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 155 | 0 | 160 |
19 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 160 | 0 | 160 |
20 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 160 | 0 | 165 |
21 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 160 | 0 | 165 |
22 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 160 | 0 | 165 |
23 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 165 | 0 | 165 |
24 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 165 | 0 | 165 |
25 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 165 | 0 | 165 |
26 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 165 | 0 | 165 |
27 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 165 | 0 | 165 |
28 | 25 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 165 | 0 | 165 |
Flasks 1 and 2: Test item
Flasks 3 and 4: inoculum control
Flask 5:reference(procedure control)
Flask 6: abiotic control
Flask 7: toxicity control
Table3.
Percentage Biodegradation of the Test Itemand
of the Toxicity Control based on
ThODNO3and
of Sodium Benzoatebased
on ThODNH4
|
1ThODNH3of
Test item:
2.428 mg O2/mg test item
2ThODNH4of
sodium benzoate: 1.666 mg O2/mg reference item
Table4.pH-Values at the End of the Test
Flask No. |
Treatment |
pH-value |
1 |
Test item |
7.8 |
2 |
Test item |
7.9 |
3 |
Inoculum control |
7.9 |
4 |
Inoculum control |
7.8 |
5 |
Reference item (procedure control) |
7.9 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Degradation of test item was 0% after 28 days.
Therefore, test item is considered to be not readily biodegradable. - Executive summary:
Title:
Test item: Ready Biodegradability in a Manometric Respirometry Test
Guidelines:
- Commission Regulation 440/2008/EC, Method C.4-D of: Manometric Respirometry Test (EEC Publication No. L 142/496, May 2008)
- OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals No. 301 F: "Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test", adopted
Material and Methods:
Test Item:
Sanodal-Rot B3LW
Test Species:
Aerobic activated sludge (microorganisms from a domestic wastewater treatment plant) was supplied by the sewage treatment plant of Rossdorf, Germany.
Test Design:
The test item Sanodal-Rot B3LW was investigated for its ready biodegradability in a manometric respirometry test over a period of 28 days. The biodegradation was followed by the oxygen uptake of the microorganisms during exposure. As a reference item sodium benzoate was tested simultaneously under the same conditions as the test item, and functioned as a procedure control.
Endpoints:
Degradation rate of test item calculated by the oxygen consumption of the aerobic activated sludge microorganisms after 28 days of incubation.
Test Item Loading Rate (initial concentration in medium C0):
103.3 mg/L corresponding to an oxygen demand of about 222.9 mg/L (ThODNH4) and 250.8 mg/L (ThODN03)
Reference Item:
Sodium Benzoate
Reference Item Loading Rate:
103.3 mg/L corresponding to an oxygen demand of about 172.1 mg/L (ThODNH4)
Test Conditions:
22°C ± 1°C, darkness
Results:
Biodegradation of Sanodal-Rot B3LW:
The test item contains nitrogen; therefore the evaluation of biodegradation has to be based ThODNH4and ThODNO3. The criterion for ready biodegradability under the conditions of a manometric respirometry test is the 10-day window, describing the period between reaching at least 10% degradation and 60% degradation. This period should not exceed 10 days.
The mean biodegradation at test end after 28 days was 0% (ThODNH4, ThODNO3).
Therefore,test item is considered to be not readily biodegradable based on ThODNH4/ ThODNO3.
Biodegradation of Sodium Benzoate:
The reference item sodium benzoate was sufficiently degraded to 76% after 14 days and to 81% after 28 days of incubation, thus confirming the suitability of the aerobic activated sludge inoculum used.
Biodegradation of the Toxicity Control:
In the toxicity control containing both, the test item and the reference item sodium benzoate, 35% (ThODNH4) biodegradation was noted within 14 days and 36% (ThODNH4) biodegradation after 28 days of incubation (33% and 34% based on ThODNO3). According to the test guidelines, the test item can be assumed to be not inhibitory to the aerobic activated sludge microorganisms because degradation was >25% within 14 days.
This study is classified acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirements for ready biodegradability studies.
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