2-ethylhexyl lactate

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

June-July 1994

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP study; test substance was 2-ethylhexyl-S-lactate, hence read-across to the non-stereospecific 2-ethylhexyl lactate (unspecified stereochemistry) is feasible without restrictions.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1994

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

186817-80-1

EC Number:

606-097-1

Cas Number:

186817-80-1

IUPAC Name:

186817-80-1

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

2-ethylhexyl-S-lactate

IUPAC Name:

2-ethylhexyl-S-lactate

Details on test material:

Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2-ethylhexyl-lactate
Trade name: Purasolv EHL
Purity: min. 97 %

Test animals

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Broekman Institute, Someren, the Netherlands
- Age at study initiation: males and females, young adults
- Weight at study initiation: 2330-2520 g
- Housing: individually in stainless steel cages, fitted with perforated floor
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): standard laboratory diet, ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): tap water, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 12 or 13 days

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C):
- Humidity (%):
- Air changes (per hr):
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light):

IN-LIFE DATES: From: June 1, 1994 To: at least June 28, 1994 (end of study)

Test system

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Preparation of test site:

other: hair was removed using electric clippers

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

not required

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 ml of test substance

Duration of treatment / exposure:

4-hour exposure

Observation period:

14 days

Number of animals:

3

Details on study design:

At the start of the study, a skin site suitable for application of the test substance was selected on the clipped back and flanks of the animal. Next, an amount of 0.5 ml of the substance was distributed over a patch measuring ca 2.5 × 2.5 cm (Melolin, Smith & Nephew). The loaded patch was fixed to the selected application site by means of adhesive tape (Leukopor, BDF, Germany) and the entire trunk of the rabbit was wrapped with a self-adhesive gauze (Fixomull, BDF, Germany) to maintain the test patch and test material in its position and to retard evaporation of volatile substances. The gauze was additionally fastened with two stripes of tape (Leukoflex, BDF, Germany).
After a 4-hour exposure period, the test material and patch were removed and the application site was cleaned with a paper tissue and water. Circa 1 hour later, the resulting skin reactions were evaluated by the method of Draize et al. (J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 82 (1944) 377-390).

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Results 1

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: 1 hr

Score:

2

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 14 days

Results 2

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: 1 hr

Score:

2

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 14 days

Irritant / corrosive response data:

For results on skin irritation see Table 1.

Other effects:

Slight scaliness was observed in all test animals at 48 hr, 72 hr and 7 d. At 14 days after treatment the scaliness had cleared.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1. Skin irritation of 2-ethylhexyl-lactate, after a single 4-hour dermal exposure

		hours or days after removal of the test materials:
		1 hr	24 hr	48 hr	72 hr	7 d	14 d
		A B	A B	A B	A B	A B	A B
rabbit no.
34		2-2	2-2	2-2^1	2-2^1	0-0^1	0-0
35		2-2	2-2	2-2^1	2-2^1	2-2^1	0-0
36		2-2	1-0	2-2^1	1-1^1	0-0^1	0-0
average:	erythema	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	0.0
	oedema	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	1.0	0.0

The average score is calculated for the two animals showing the strongest skin response (EEC-Directive 91/325/EC)

A = erythema

B = oedema

¹= slight scaliness

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

2-Ethylhexyl-lactate is irritating, but not corrosive to skin.

Executive summary:

In a primary dermal irritation study three young adult SPF bred New Zealand White albino rabbits (Broekman Institue, Someren, the Netherlands), weighing 2330–2520 g were dermally exposed to 0.5 ml of 2-ethylhexyl-lactate to a body surface area of 2.5 × 2.5 cm on the back or flank of the animals. Test sites were covered with a semi-occlusive dressing for 4 hours. Animals were observed for 14 days. Irritation was scored by the method of Draize.

The mean erythma or oedema score over the 24–72 hour observation period was 2, but the effects appeared fully reversible within 14 days. In this study, 2-ethylhexyl-lactate is a dermal irritant based on EU standards.