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EC number: 200-876-6 | CAS number: 75-52-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- circa 1979
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study was not conducted according to guideline/s and GLP but the report contains sufficient data for interpretation of study results
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- THE INTERACTION OF ALIPHATIC NITRO COMPOUNDS WITH THE LIVER MICROSOMAL MONOOXYGENASE SYSTEM
- Author:
- Sakurai, H., Hermann, G., Ruf, H.H. and Ullrich, V.
- Year:
- 1 980
- Bibliographic source:
- Biochemical Pharmacology, Vol. 29. pp. 341-345
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- metabolism
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Liver microsomal metabolism of nitromethane was examined.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Nitromethane
- EC Number:
- 200-876-6
- EC Name:
- Nitromethane
- Cas Number:
- 75-52-5
- Molecular formula:
- CH3NO2
- IUPAC Name:
- nitromethane
- Details on test material:
- Nitromethane was obtained from Fluka AG.
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- other: in vitro study: compounds were added to the incubation mixtures as 1 M methanolic solutions.
- Vehicle:
- other:
- Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- Based on a graph in the report, the production of nitrite and formaldehyde from nitromethane was measured at 2, 4, 6 and 8 minutes. Nitromethane was added once to the liver microsomal mixture.
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
50 mM nitromethane
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- No data
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent no treatment
Results and discussion
- Preliminary studies:
- Not applicable.
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- Not applicable.
- Details on distribution in tissues:
- Not applicable.
- Details on excretion:
- Not applicable.
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- yes
- Details on metabolites:
- Formaldehyde and nitrite formation from nitromethane by rat liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH and dioxygen. The stoichiometry
of nitrite to formaldehyde formation in the case of nitromethane was exactly 1:1. The specific activity (+/-S.E.M) for nitromethane was 0.2 +/-0.1.
Any other information on results incl. tables
The observation that addition of nitromethane to an oxidized rat liver microsomal suspension did not result in a substrate binding difference spectrum like the other nitro compounds, but gave rise to a peak at 437 nm, was unexpected. With the aid of e.p.r.-spectroscopy, this was interpreted as the formation of a cytochrome P450-NO complex.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): bioaccumulation potential cannot be judged based on study results
This study demonstrated that nitromethane can be metabolized by cytochrome P450 to formaldehyde and nitrate. - Executive summary:
It was previously shown that liver microsomes from phenobarbital pretreated rats can convert 2-nitropropane to acetone and nitrate in the presence of NADPH and dioxygen. The investigation was now extended to the compounds phenylnitromethane, w-nitrostyrene, nitrocyclohexane and nitromethane, which were also denitrificated but with weaker specific activities than 2-nitropropane. Untreated rats and 3-methylcholanthrene induced animals yielded microsomes with even lower activities. The observation that addition of nitromethane to an oxidized rat liver microsomal suspension did not result in a substrate binding difference spectrum like the other nitro compounds, but gave rise to a peak at 437 nm, was unexpected. With the aid of e.p.r.-spectroscopy, this was interpreted as the formation of a cytochrome P450-NO complex. Parallel to this complex formation, oxidized rat liver microsomes catalyzed the production formaldehyde from nitromethane in an NADPH-independent reaction. In contrast, liver microsomes from phenobarbital pretreated pigs produced a normal substrate binding spectrum with nitromethane and were unable to release formaldehyde from nitromethane. Reduced liver microsomes from all sources yielded a cytochrome P450-ligand spectrum with peaks around 453 nm, which probably reflects the formation of a ferrous cytochrome P450-nitrosoalkane complex.
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