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EC number: 237-198-5 | CAS number: 13684-56-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1991-09-19 to 1991-10-31
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- other: Sewage Plant Secondary effluent (domestic sewage) & Soil
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: A composite inoculum was used for the test. Secondary effluent from the sewage plant at Frankfurt/M-Niederrad dealing with predominantly domestic sewage. 100 g of a mixture of five different soil samples of the Battelle-area at Frankfurt/M were suspended in 1 L tap water and stirred for 30 minutes by means of a magnetic stirrer.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The inoculum was aerated by means of a magnetic stirrer until use on the same day of preparation.
- Type and size of filter used, if any: Sewage was filtered through a coarse paper filter the first 200 mL being discarded. The soil particles were allowed to settle, and the supernatant was filtered through a coarse paper filter the first 200 mL being discarded. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 2 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: The test substance was dissolved in an inorganic medium (mineral nutrient solution).
- Test temperature: The test solution was kept in closed bottles in the dark at a constant temperature of 20°C ± 1°C.
- Temperature of the dilution water after aeration: 21.6°C
- Aeration of dilution water: Yes, Ultrapure Water (Millipore, Milli Q) was used for the test. Prior to application the water was slightly aerated with O2 (Messer Griesheim) by means of a sintered glass tube until an O2 content of 8.13 mg O2 per litre was reached. After the aeration the water was mixed by means of a magnetic stirrer for a 5 min. period. Then the water was ready for use.
TEST SYSTEM
- Measuring equipment: O2 determinations were performed using O2 electrode (WTW; FRG; Model OXI 530 with electrode Model TriOxmatic EO 200).
- Other: Special calibrated bottles for O2 determination were used for the test (ORI NS 19, volume about 290 mL). 11.6 mg of the test substance were weighed into a 100 mL calibrated measuring flask. 100 mL of ethylacetate were transferred into the flask with the test material. The flask was closed, and the test material was dissolved completely. 5 mL of this dilution were transferred into the test bottles and the solvent was evaporated. By this method the test substance was distributed in a very thin layer covering the glass surface of the bottles. After the solvent had been evaporated the bottles were filled with the mineral nutrient solution and immediately closed with special stoppers. Prior to use the mineral nutrient solution was inoculated with one drop of mixed inoculum by means of a pointed pipette per litre of final volume. The final concentration of the test material was about 2 mg/L. The volumes of the bottles were documented, and the final results were corrected according to the final concentration, respectively.
A predetermined amount of the test substance was dissolved in an inorganic medium (mineral nutrient solution), providing a concentration of ~ 2.0 mg active substance per litre (AS/L). A control with inoculum, but without any test material was run in parallel for determination of oxygen blanks. For checking the inoculum one reference substance (Na-Benzoate) was run in parallel. For checking toxicity of the test material one control series of bottles with the test substance plus the Na-Benzoate control were run in parallel. In the case of toxicity the oxygen consumption in that series should have been lower than in the Na-Benzoate control.
SAMPLING
- Sampling method: The degradation was followed by oxygen analysis over a 28-day period. A control with inoculum, but without any test material was run in parallel for determination of oxygen blanks.
- Sample storage before analysis: Closed bottles in the dark.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: For checking the inoculum one reference substance (Na-Benzoate) was run in parallel. For checking toxicity of the test material one control series of bottles with the test substance plus the Na-Benzoate control were run in parallel. In the case of toxicity the oxygen consumption in that series should have been lower than in the Na-Benzoate control.
- Toxicity control: For checking toxicity of the test material one control series of bottles with the test substance (~2mg/L as described above) plus the Na-Benzoate control (3mg/L as described above) were run in parallel. In the case of toxicity the oxygen consumption in that series was lower than in the Na-Benzoate control. This toxicity was expressed as a percentage of oxygen consumption compared with the non-affected Na-Benzoate control. All transfer and filling operations of the air saturated water were conducted bubble-free by siphon. - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Remarks:
- Na-Benzoate
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Remarks:
- On basis of the COD and BOD.
- Value:
- 21
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- Under the chosen conditions 21 % of the test substance was degraded within 28 d of test period calculated on basis of the COD and BOD. The test is valid because the wanted test conditions were met: the control substance was degraded to > 60% within 10 days after biodegradation had started, and the O2 depletion values of the controls with and without inoculation were within the required range.
The toxicity towards bacteria was measured to be 6.2 % at t5d, 1.3 % at t15d and 3.3 % at t28d. - Results with reference substance:
- The control substance was degraded to > 60% within 10 days after biodegradation had started.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The control substance was degraded to > 60% within 10 days after biodegradation had started, and the O2 depletion values of the controls with and without inoculation were within the required range.
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Desmedipham has relative poor water solubility resulting in a poor bioavailability. Toxicity towards bacteria may be regarded negligible as the inhibition effect was in the range of 6.2 % at t5d to 1.3 % at t15d.
- Executive summary:
Desmedipham was tested for biodegradability according to Closed-Bottle-Test (OECD 301 D). Under the chosen conditions 21 % of the test substance was degraded within 28 d of test period calculated on basis of the COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand). Within the test series for checking toxitity towards bacteria an inhibition of oxygen consumption of 6.2 % was found at t5d. This inhibition was reduced to 1.3 % at t15d and 3.3 % at t28d.
Reference
Table 1: Results of the CLOSED BOTTLE TEST: 02 Determinations
Culture Medium | mg O2/L at | |||||||
to | t5d | t15d | t28d | |||||
Anal. | Mean | Anal. | Mean | Anal. | Mean | Anal. | Mean | |
Mineral nutrient solution without test material and without in- oculation (Blank without inoculation) mo | 7.92 | 7.92 | 7.67 |
7.66 | 7.50 |
7.46 | 7.51 |
7.47 |
| 7.60 | 7.44 | 7.46 | |||||
| 7.71 | 7.45 | 7.40 | |||||
|
|
| 7.50 | |||||
Mineral nutrient solution without test material but with inoculum (Blank with inoculation) mbx | 7.93 | 7.93 | 7.73 |
7.69 | 7.55 |
7.55 | 7.46 7.55 7.51 7.57 |
7.52 |
|
7.61 |
7.54 | ||||||
| 7.73 | 7.55 | ||||||
|
|
| ||||||
Mineral nutrient solution with the control substance and with inoculum | 7.89 | 7.89 | 4.74 |
4.76 | 4.07 |
4.10 | 4.05 3.81 3.98 3.49 3.82 |
3.83 |
| 4.74 | 4.13 | ||||||
| 4.79 | 4.11 | ||||||
mtx | mgO2/L | mean | mg O2/L | vol. | mg O2/L | vol. | mg O2/L | vol. |
Mineral nutrient solution with test material and with inoculum | 7.91 | 7.91 | (0.06)* (4.14)* 7.25 6.92 | 292.70 295.50 291.90 295.60 | 6.45 6.51 (3.70)* | 293.1 293.2 292.1 | 6.51 6.57 6.43 6.51 | 293.5 292.2 291.5 291.4 |
mtx + Na-Benz. | mgO2/L | mean | mg O2/L | vol. | mg O2/L | vol. | mg O2/L | vol. |
Mineral nutrient solution with test material and with inoculum | 7.94 | 7.94 | 4.58 4.51 4.28 | 308.50 301.60 293.40 | 2.89 3.10 3.13 | 291.6 291.4 293.3 | 0.09 2.93 2.88 2.83 3.15 | 289.7 291.2 295.4 291.1 291.4 |
* outlier acc. to Nalimov at the 95% probability level
Table 2: 02 Depletions (mg BOD/L after x days)
mg BOD/L after x d | mg BOD/L after x d | mg BOD/L after x d | |
Test substance | 5 d | 15 d | 28 d |
Desmedipham | 0.695 | 1.14 | 1.063 |
Reference: Na-Benzoate | 2.93 | 3.45 | 3.69 |
Table 3: Biodegradability of Desmedipham according to O2 Depletions (BODX, see table 2) and TOD (Control Substance) or COD (Test Substance)
Biodegrability (%) after x days | Biodegrability (%) after x days | Biodegrability (%) after x days | |
Test substance | 5 d | 15 d | 28 d |
Desmedipham | 13.9 | 22.8 | 21.2 |
Reference: Na-Benzoate | 58.7 | 69.1 | 73.9 |
Description of key information
In the OECD 301D test, 21% of desmedipham was degraded during 28 days in test solution inoculated with mixture of sewage plant effluent and five soils. Desmedipham is considered not to be readily biodegradable.
In the table below all available studies are listed. For some studies only the results are presented since they are not considered relevant due to the reasons given under “Assessment”. All available studies have been evaluated within the scope of Plant Protection Regulation in the respective Draft Renewal Assessment Report (DAR) under Regulation (EC) 1107/2009.
Test type | Result | Assessment | Reference |
Closed bottle test OECD 301D | Desmedipham was not considered to be readily biodegradable (21% degradation observed). | Key study | Lebertz (1991) |
Inherent biodegradability test (OECD 302C) | 45% was degraded after 28 days | Supporting study | Wuethrich (1990) |
Modified MITI test | No result | Invalid as technical material was applied at higher concentration than the solubility of desmedipham | Ritter (1989) |
Not carried out to any OECD test guidelines | No result | Invalid as not performed to appropriate guidelines and only for 5 days | Wuethrich (1993) |
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- not biodegradable
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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