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EC number: 432-400-1 | CAS number: 10102-09-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- The study was performed between 29 March 1999 and 17 May 1999.
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study (OECD), to GLP
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 999
- Report date:
- 1999
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 870.5265 (The Salmonella typhimurium Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- -
- EC Number:
- 432-400-1
- EC Name:
- -
- Cas Number:
- 10102-09-7
- Molecular formula:
- [Pt(NO3)x(OH)y]H2 where x = 2-5, y = 4-1, and x + y = 6
- IUPAC Name:
- platinum(4+) dihydrate tetranitrate
- Test material form:
- other: liquid
- Details on test material:
- Dark red liquid, batch number CH0139. The test material is only stable in nitric acid and is non-isolatable.
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- histidine (Salmonella typhimurium)
tryptophan (Escherichia coli)
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- phenobarbitone/beta-naphthoflavone-induced rat liver S9
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Experiment 1: 0, 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate
Experiment 2: 0, 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: water
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: Well known solvent
Controlsopen allclose all
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- N-ethyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
- Remarks:
- 3 µg/plate for TA100 +S9; 5 µg/plate for TA1535 +S9; 2 µg/plate for WP2uvrA +S9
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 9-aminoacridine
- Remarks:
- 80 µg/plate for TA1537 +S9
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide
- Remarks:
- 0.2 µg/plate for TA98 +S9
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene
- Remarks:
- 1 µg/plate for TA100 -S9; 2 µg/plate for TA1535 and TA1537 -S9 10 µg/plate for WP2uvrA- -S9
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- benzo(a)pyrene
- Remarks:
- 5 µg/plate for TA98 -S9
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)
DURATION
- Exposure duration: 48 hours - Evaluation criteria:
- “The test material should have induced a reproducible, dose-related and statistically (Dunnett's method of linear regression) significant increase in the revertant count in at least one strain of bacteria.”
- Statistics:
- Dunnett's method of linear regression (Kirkland D J (Ed) (1989). Statistical evaluation of mutagenicity test data. UKEMS Sub-committee on Guidelines for Mutagenicity Testing. Report - Part III - Cambridge University Press.)
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium, other:
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- positive
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium, other:
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- positive
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES: No toxicologically significant cytotoxicity observed at any concentration in any strain, so top concentration for main study set at limit concentration of 5000 µg/plate
COMPARISON WITH HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA:
Vehicle control scores were comparable to historical vehicle controls
Positive control scores were comparable to historical positive controls
OTHER DATA:
“Confirmatory testing in dried dimethyl sulphoxide… verified that the test material would still induce mutagenic increases using a non-aqueous vehicle.”- Remarks on result:
- other: strain/cell type: TA100, TA98
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
positive without metabolic activation
positive with metabolic activation
In an OECD Test Guideline 471 study, to GLP, platinum dinitrate displayed evidence of mutagenicity when tested in four Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100) and Escherichia coli strain WP2 uvr A, either with or without S9. - Executive summary:
The mutagenic potential of platinum dinitrate was assessed in a reverse mutagenicity assay, conducted according to OECD Test Guideline 471 and to GLP. The test substance was assessed in four Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100) and in Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA, in an attempt to detect both base-pair substitution and frameshift mutations.
Strains were exposed to the test material (each in triplicate) via the plate incorporation method at doses of up to 5000 μg/plate (based on a preliminary assay), both in the absence and presence of amammalian (rat liver) metabolic activation (S9) system. A repeat experiment was conducted.
The vehicle and positive controls behaved as expected. Hence, the sensitivity of the assay and the efficacy of the S9-mix were validated. No evidence of cytotoxicity or precipitation was observed at any dose level in either the presence or absence of S9.
Dose-related, reproducible and statistically significant increases in revertant colony frequency were observed in S. typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 and in E. coli both with and without S9. The study authors considered the test material to be mutagenic under the conditions of this test.
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