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EC number: 701-357-1 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Surface tension
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- surface tension
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 23 July 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 115 (Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.5 (Surface Tension)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- plate method
- Key result
- Surface tension:
- ca. 45.97 mN/m
- Temp.:
- 20.5 °C
- Conc.:
- 1 g/L
- Key result
- Surface tension:
- ca. 39.43 mN/m
- Temp.:
- 19.9 °C
- Conc.:
- 1 g/L
- Key result
- Surface tension:
- ca. 39.79 mN/m
- Temp.:
- 20.2 °C
- Conc.:
- 1 g/L
- Conclusions:
- Under the study conditions, the surface tension of the test substance was determined to be in range of 39.43 to 45.97 mN/m.
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the surface tension of the test substance, C12-14 HEDMAC (39.6% active) using tensionmeter, according to the OECD Guideline 115 and EU Method A.5, in compliance with GLP. The surface tension of an aqueous solution of 1 g/L test substance was determined as 39.43 ± 0.66 mN/m at 19.9 °C. The values of the single determinations of the aqueous solution of the test substance showed a significant difference (> 5%) at the repetition measurement series after one hour. Therefore, a third experiment was conducted after two hours. The difference to the second series was only 0.91 % therefore the plateau was reached. As these values were below 60 mN/m, test substance was classified as surface active. The surface tension of the negative control lay within the accepted range. Under the study conditions, the surface tension of the test substance was determined to be in range of 39.43 to 45.97 mN/m, at 1 g/L concentration (Muckle, 2019).
Reference
Results
Measured Values Negative Control
Measurement |
Time |
Mass |
Surface Tension |
Temperature |
No |
s |
g |
mN/m |
°C |
1 |
4.2 |
0.2986 |
72.84 |
21.2 |
2 |
5.1 |
0.2982 |
72.74 |
21.2 |
3 |
6.1 |
0.2981 |
72.72 |
21.2 |
4 |
7.1 |
0.2981 |
72.72 |
21.2 |
5 |
8.1 |
0.2980 |
72.70 |
21.2 |
6 |
9.1 |
0.2977 |
72.62 |
21.2 |
7 |
10.1 |
0.2982 |
72.74 |
21.2 |
8 |
11.1 |
0.2980 |
72.70 |
21.2 |
9 |
12.1 |
0.2981 |
72.72 |
21.2 |
10 |
13.1 |
0.2982 |
72.74 |
21.2 |
Mean |
72.73 |
|
||
Standard Deviation |
0.05 |
|
Main Test
The test substance solution was held at constant temperature (20.0 ± 0.5 °C). 56 minutes after conclusion of the first measurement series, a second measurement series was performed for verification purposes. The following values were recorded:
Measured Values Test Substance First Series
Measurement |
Time |
Mass |
Surface Tension |
Temperature |
No |
s |
g |
mN/m |
°C |
1 |
4.2 |
0.1942 |
47.37 |
20.5 |
2 |
5.1 |
0.1923 |
46.91 |
20.5 |
3 |
6.2 |
0.1908 |
46.54 |
20.5 |
4 |
7.1 |
0.1888 |
46.06 |
20.5 |
5 |
8.2 |
0.1878 |
45.81 |
20.5 |
6 |
9.1 |
0.1873 |
45.69 |
20.5 |
7 |
10.1 |
0.1864 |
45.47 |
20.5 |
8 |
11.1 |
0.1861 |
45.40 |
20.5 |
9 |
12.2 |
0.1854 |
45.23 |
20.5 |
10 |
13.1 |
0.1854 |
45.23 |
20.5 |
Mean |
45.97 |
|
||
Standard Deviation |
0.74 |
|
Measured Values Test Substance Second Series
Measurement |
Time |
Mass |
Surface Tension |
Temperature |
No |
s |
g |
mN/m |
°C |
1 |
4.2 |
0.1668 |
40.69 |
19.9 |
2 |
5.1 |
0.1647 |
40.18 |
19.9 |
3 |
6.1 |
0.1637 |
39.93 |
19.9 |
4 |
7.1 |
0.1626 |
39.67 |
19.9 |
5 |
8.1 |
0.1611 |
39.30 |
19.9 |
6 |
9.1 |
0.1604 |
39.13 |
19.9 |
7 |
10.1 |
0.1600 |
39.03 |
19.9 |
8 |
11.1 |
0.1600 |
39.03 |
19.9 |
9 |
12.1 |
0.1587 |
38.71 |
19.9 |
10 |
13.1 |
0.1585 |
38.67 |
19.9 |
Mean |
39.43 |
|
||
Standard Deviation |
0.66 |
|
After the first and the second measurement series, the difference between mean values was 14.23 %. Therefore an additional measurement series was required.
Measured Values Test Substance Third Series
Measurement |
Time |
Mass |
Surface Tension |
Temperature |
No |
s |
g |
mN/m |
°C |
1 |
4.2 |
0.1689 |
41.20 |
20.2 |
2 |
5.1 |
0.1668 |
40.69 |
20.2 |
3 |
6.1 |
0.1644 |
40.10 |
20.2 |
4 |
7.1 |
0.1637 |
39.93 |
20.2 |
5 |
8.1 |
0.1627 |
39.69 |
20.2 |
6 |
9.1 |
0.1622 |
39.57 |
20.2 |
7 |
10.1 |
0.1617 |
39.45 |
20.2 |
8 |
11.1 |
0.1609 |
39.25 |
20.2 |
9 |
12.1 |
0.1601 |
39.06 |
20.2 |
10 |
13.1 |
0.1599 |
39.01 |
20.2 |
Mean |
39.79 |
|
||
Standard Deviation |
0.71 |
|
The mean value of the second and the third measurement series differed by 0.91 % therefore it was considered that the plateau was reached.
Result Test Substance
Over a period of two hours, changes in the surface tension were detected. In dependence on time and temperature, values between 38.67 and 47.37 mN/m were recorded. After the third measurement, no significant changes were observed. As the determined surface tension of test substance at the plateau was lower than 60 mN/m, the test substance must be classified as surface active.
Validity
The surface tension of water at the measuring temperature was calculated using the following equation:
s = B rµ (1 + br)
with:
s surface tension in mN/m
B Constant 235.8 mN/m
r 1 – T / Tc
T absolute Temperature in K
Tc critical Temperature 647.096 K
µ Constant 1.256
b Constant -0.625
The constants result from the graph of the equation of function in temperature dependence of the surface tension of water. The calculated value for the surface tension of water at 21.2 °C was 72.55 mN/m. The surface tension of the negative control was determined with 72.73 mN/m at 21.2 °C, therefore showing a difference of 0.24 % from the calculated value. The difference lies within the accepted range of 1% deviation from the calculated value.
Discussion
The surface tension of the negative control was determined with a difference of 0.24 % from the calculated value. Therefore, the instrument was suitable. The values of the single determinations of the aqueous solution of the test substance showed a significant difference (> 5%) at the repetition measurement series after one hour. Therefore, a third experiment was conducted after two hours. The difference to the second series was only 0.91 % therefore the plateau was reached. All measured values lay below the threshold for surface tension which is stated in the guidelines. Therefore, the result of the test is considered valid and the test substance is classified as “surface active” in a concentration of 1.00 g/L.
Description of key information
The surface tension of the test substance (39.6% active) was determined using tensiometer according to OECD Guideline 115 and EU Method A.5 (Muckle, 2019)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Surface tension:
- 39.43
- in mN/m at 20°C and concentration in mg/L:
- 1 000
Additional information
(39.43 to 45.97 mN/m)
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