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EC number: 213-361-6 | CAS number: 939-48-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Exposure related observations in humans: other data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- exposure-related observations in humans: other data
- Type of information:
- other: review article
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Reliable and appropriate for risk assessment according to the JECFA Expert Committee.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 002
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- Risk assessment of human ingestion of substance as a food additive
- Endpoint addressed:
- other: risk assessment
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline required
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Risk assessment of food additives
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Isopropyl benzoate
- EC Number:
- 213-361-6
- EC Name:
- Isopropyl benzoate
- Cas Number:
- 939-48-0
- Molecular formula:
- C10H12O2
- IUPAC Name:
- propan-2-yl benzoate
- Reference substance name:
- 13-361-6
- IUPAC Name:
- 13-361-6
- Reference substance name:
- propan-2-yl benzoate
- IUPAC Name:
- propan-2-yl benzoate
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Constituent 3
Method
- Details on study design:
- Review of existing safety data and risk assessment
- Exposure assessment:
- estimated
- Details on exposure:
- Estimated daily intake in the EU and USA
Results and discussion
- Results:
- The estimated daily intake of isopropyl benzoate in the EU is 0.004 and in the US is 0.3 microgram/d. Benzoate esters are hydrolysed to benzoic acid (and alcohols). There is no safety concern for use of this substance as a flavouring in food for human consumption.
Any other information on results incl. tables
The estimated daily per capita intakes of 33 of the flavouring agents in this group are below the threshold of concern for structural class I (1800 microgram). the committee concluded that these substances would not be expected to be of safety concern at current estimated levels of use as flavouring agents. The ADI (acceptable daily intake) of the group of benzoic acid, the benzoate salts, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate and benzyl alcohol (expressed as benzoic acid equivalents) is 0 -5 mg/kg bw/d.
The safety of benzoates have been evaluated by JECFA numerous times since 1961:
Table 1: JECFA Evaluations of the Safety of Benzoic Acid
JECFA Meeting/ No. |
Year |
Comment |
6 |
1961 |
|
9 |
1965 |
|
14 |
1970 |
|
17 |
1973 |
|
27 |
1983 |
Report 48 |
46 |
1996 |
5 benzyl derivatives as a group |
|
2002 |
33 benzyl derivatives Report 99 |
48 |
2004 |
37 benzyl derivatives Report 909 |
The Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) has evaluated the safety of benzoate additives at least twice, in 1994 and 2002.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Benzoate esters are hydrolysed to benzoic acid (and alcohols). There is no safety concern for use of isopropyl benzoate as a flavouring in food for human consumption.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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