Methyl ricinoleate

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

27 Mar - 29 Mar 1996

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION - Method: Two different test solutions were prepared for testing, one with 100 mg/L test substance as direct weighted sample and another with 100 mg/L nominal test concentration after separation of the insoluble substance (Water Accommodated Fraction, WAF). The direct weighted test substance (100 mg/L) was treated with ultrasound for 5 minutes. In the second test solution 100 mg/L test substance was added in 1 L M4-Medium and was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 24h. The insoluble substance was separated with a glas fibre filter (pre-treated with sodium hydroxide).

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM- Common name: Water flea- Strain: Straus- Source: BGA Berlin (Mai 1994)- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 6 - 24 hBREEDING- Type of food: Scenedesmus subspicatus

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

not specified

Test temperature:

20.3 - 20.6°C

pH:

7.6 - 7.7

Dissolved oxygen:

minimum 85% saturation

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 100 mg/L WAF and 100 mg/L direct weighted

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM- Test vessel: 100 mL beaker with 50 mL test volume, closed with watchglass- No. of organisms per vessel: 10- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS- Source/preparation of dilution water: M4-mediumOTHER TEST CONDITIONS- Photoperiod: 16 h dailyEFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED : Immobilisation after 24 and 48 h

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EL50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

other: WAF

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: At the control and the 100 mg/L WAF loading rate the daphnids swam partial at the water surface after 24 and 48 hours. At the 100 mg/L direct weighted samples daphnids hang in oil drops on the water surface short-time after the applying of the daphnids.- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: In the direct weighted samples a light turbidity could be observed.

As in the direct weighted samples no significant immobilisation could be observed, the sample of the 100 mg/L WAF loading rate with 70% immobilisation after 48 h was regarded as outlier and was not included. Therefore the toxicity was determined on the basis of the direct weighted samples.

Table 1: Number of immobilised Daphnia magna after 24 and 48 hours incubation at the 100 mg/L direct weighted sample.
(* = Daphnids swam partial at the water surface. ** = Daphnids hang in oil drops on the water surface.)

Concentration [mg/L]	Incubation time [h]
	24	48
0	0*	0*
0	0*	0*
100	0**	0**
100	0**	10**

  

Table 2: Number of immobilised Daphnia magna after 24 and 48 hours incubation at the 100 mg/L WAF loading rate.

(* = Daphnids swam partial at the water surface.)

Concentration [mg/L]	Incubation time [h]
	24	48
0	0*	0*
0	0*	0*
100	60*	70*
100	0*	10*

 

 

 

 

 

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

12 - 15 May 1998

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Remarks:

no analytics performed

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: ISO/PARCOM guidelines for 1990/2 harmonisation ring test

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)- Method: WAF (gentle stirring for 20 hours, settling period of 1 hours, middle phase is siphoned)

Test organisms (species):

other: Acartia tonsa

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM- Source: Own culture- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): age standardised cohorts, 17 to 25 days old at study begin

Test type:

static

Water media type:

saltwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

no data

Test temperature:

19.3-20.4 °C

pH:

8.17-8.32

Dissolved oxygen:

94-98% (oxygen saturation)

Salinity:

Natural seawater (Atlantic ocean near Orkney Islands)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 1, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L (range finding study - actual study concentrations not stated)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM- Test vessel: 100 mL borosilicate glass crystallising dishes, containing 50 mL test medium - No. of organisms per vessel: 5 - No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS- Source/preparation of dilution water: Natural seawater, sterilised and filtered to 0.2 µm- Conductivity: 48.9 to 53.2 mS/cm- Culture medium different from test medium: Natural seawater, filtered through 0.45 µm filtered and ultraviolet treated- Intervals of water quality measurement: 0 and 48 hoursEFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobility at 24 and 48 hoursTEST CONCENTRATIONS- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 10- Range finding study - Test concentrations: 1, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

3,5-Dichlorophenol

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EL50

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Remarks:

(WAF)

Basis for effect:

mortality

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid? yes, within range 0.4-1.0 mg/L- EC50/LC50: 0.49 mg/L

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Moving average angle method (USEPA 1985)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Description of key information

No effects up to the limit of water solubility

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

100 mg/L

Additional information

No experimental data evaluating the acute toxicity of methyl ricinoleate (CAS 141-24-2) to aquatic invertebrates are available. Therefore, toxicity data from structurally similar methyl esters, Fatty acids C16-18 unstd., methyl esters (CAS No. 67762-26-9) and

Fatty acids, C16-18 and C18 unsaturated, methyl esters (CAS 67762-38-3)

are used to assess the toxicity to aquatic invertebrates in a read across approach.

The key study investigated the acute toxicity of Fatty acids C16-18 unstd., methyl esters (CAS No. 67762-26-9) to aquatic invertebrates (BASF, 1996). The study was performed according to EU Method C.2, under GLP conditions. Daphnia magna was exposed to the test substance for 48 h in two solutions: (i) in which the test substance was directly added to the medium and (ii) a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF). Effects on mobility were recorded every 24 hours. No significant immobilization was observed in any of the treatment groups and therefore the EC50 and EL50 (48 h) are determined to be > 100 mg/L (nominal).

Additionally, a marine test was conducted with Fatty acids, C16-18 and C18 unsaturated, methyl esters (CAS No. 67762-38-3) is available (BASF, 1998). The test was performed according to the ISO Proposal: Determination of acute lethal toxicity to marine adult copepods (Acartia tonsa DANA), under GLP conditions. Acartia tonsa was exposed for 48 h to the test substance within a static water regime. After the exposure period, the EL50 (48 h) was determined to be > 1000 mg/L (nominal, loading rate).

Based on the results obtained for structurally similar methyl esters, methyl ricinoleate (CAS 141-24-2) is not expected to show acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrate species up to the limit of its water solubility.