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EC number: 232-000-3 | CAS number: 7783-48-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Effects on fertility
Description of key information
Based on the information available from a 90-day repeated dose oral toxicity study (according OECD 408) conducted with strontium chloride hexahydrate using male and female Wistar rats, it was concluded using a read-across concept that strontium difluoride does not present a reproductive hazard to both sexes, since no histopathological findings were made in the gonads.
Effect on fertility: via oral route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 226.1 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- Key study available
Effect on fertility: via inhalation route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Effect on fertility: via dermal route
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Selected endpoints for the human health hazard assessment are addressed by read-across, using a combination of data on the fluoride moiety and the strontium moiety (or one of its readily soluble salts). This way forward is acceptable, since strontium difluoride dissociates to the fluoride anion and the strontium cation upon dissolution in aqueous media.
Once the individual constituents of strontium difluoride become bioavailable (i.e. in the acidic environment in the gastric passage or after phagocytosis by pulmonary macrophages), the “overall” toxicity of the dissociated substance can be described by the toxicity of the “individual” constituents. Since synergistic effects are not expected, the human health hazard assessment consists of an individual assessment of the strontium cation and the fluoride anion.
For more detailed information on read-across justification please refer to the report attached on IUCLID section 13 "SrF2_Read Across Assessment Framework Report"
Strontium:
Kroes et al. (1977) investigated the effects of strontium chloride hexahydrate in a repeated dose oral toxicity study according to OECD 408. Groups of 10 male and 10 female Wistar rats were treated with 0, 75, 300, 1200 or 4800 ppm (0, 7.5, 30, 120, or 480 mg/kg/day) ad lbitium via feed for a duration of 90 days. According to the authors, no histological changes for uterus, ovaries, testes and prostate after the administration of up to and including 4800 ppm strontium chloride hexahydrate (equivalent to 480 mg Strontium chloride hexahydrate/kg/day) were observed.
Fluoride:
Collins, et al. (2001) reported that sodium fluoride in drinking water of Sprague-Dawley rats at levels up to 250 ppm the highest concentration tested. This concentration, equivalent to 28.4 mg sodium fluoride/kg body weight/day or 12.8 mg fluoride/kg body weight/day, had no adverse effects on reproduction throughout three generations. Mating, fertility and survival indices were not affected.
Toxicity to reproduction: other studies
Additional information
Read-across concept:
Strontium difluoride – general considerations
Strontium difluoride completely dissolves upon contact with water to Sr2+and 2*F-. The water solubility (CRC handbook, 2008) of strontium difluoride indicates a complete dissolution and a rapid formation of Sr2+and 2*F-(210 mg/L at 25°C; logK 8.4). The pH of a saturated aqueous solution of strontium difluoride is pH 4.9. Considering that systemic human health effects of strontium difluoride are due the dissolved concentrations of Sr2+and F-in physiological solutions, read-across to very soluble (i.e., > 10 g/L at room temperature) inorganic strontium compounds and very soluble (i.e., > 10 g/L at room temperature) inorganic fluoride compounds is performedand considered to be very conservative.
In sum, data are read-across for soluble inorganic strontium substances and for different fluoride salts (mainly sodium fluoride) and avid to assess the toxicity of strontium difluoride on a conservatively basis in view of the water solubility. All read-across substances used for the assessment of strontium difluoride are more soluble (≥ 41 g/L) than strontium difluoride (210 mg/L at 25°C).Since, the toxicity of strontium difluoride is based on the concentration of strontium cations and fluoride anions in solution, read-across is considered to be conservative and unrestricted read-across is fully justified with regard to systemic toxicity. For detailed information please refer to the report attached on IUCLID "0" Category.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the overall evaluation of the available data for soluble inorganic strontium substances and fluorides (i.e., sodium) on reproduction and developmental toxicity, a classification and labelling for reproduction of strontium difluoride is not considered to be justified according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 and subsequent adaptations.
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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