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EC number: 212-214-3 | CAS number: 769-78-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 05 - 20 Aug 2008
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 008
- Report date:
- 2008
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 24 Apr 2002
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.42 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- Commission Directive No. 2004/73/EC
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
- Type of study:
- mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Vinyl benzoate
- EC Number:
- 212-214-3
- EC Name:
- Vinyl benzoate
- Cas Number:
- 769-78-8
- Molecular formula:
- C9H8O2
- IUPAC Name:
- vinyl benzoate
Constituent 1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- CBA/Ca
- Remarks:
- (CBA/CaOlaHsd)
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan UK Limited, Bicester, UK
- Females nulliparous and non-pregnant: yes
- Age at study initiation: 8 - 12 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 15 - 23 g
- Housing: individually in suspended solid-floor polypropylene cages furnished with softwood flakes
- Diet: Global Rodent diet 2014 (Harlan Teklad, Blackthorn, Bicester, Oxon, UK), ad libitum
- Water: tap water, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 19 - 25
- Humidity (%): 30 - 70
- Air changes (per hr): approx. 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
Study design: in vivo (LLNA)
- Vehicle:
- acetone/olive oil (4:1 v/v)
- Concentration:
- preliminary study: 100%
main study: 100, 50 and 25% (v/v) - No. of animals per dose:
- 5
- Details on study design:
- PRE-SCREEN TEST:
- Compound solubility: Vehicle was chosen as it produced the most suitable formulation (solution) at the required concentration in a solubility test.
Using available information regarding the systemic toxicity/irritancy potential of the test material, a preliminary screening test was performed using one mouse. The mouse was treated by daily application of 25 μL of the undiluted test material to the dorsal surface of each ear for three consecutive days (Days 1, 2, 3). The mouse was observed twice daily on Days 1, 2 and 3 and once daily on Days 4, 5 and 6. Any signs of toxicity or excessive local irritation noted during this period were recorded. The bodyweight was recorded on Day 1 (prior to dosing) and on Day 6.
- Irritation: No excessive local irritation.
- Systemic toxicity: No signs of systemic toxicity were noted.
MAIN STUDY: Based on the preliminary screening test in which no clinical signs of toxicity were noted at a concentration of 100% v/v, this concentration was selected as the highest dose for the main test. In addition, 25 and 50% dosing groups and vehicle group were included in the main study. Positive control was tested separately from 11 - 17 Ap 2008 in five animals under same conditions as the main test.
ANIMAL ASSIGNMENT AND TREATMENT
- Name of test method: 3H-methyl thymidine determined by β-scintillation counting
- Criteria used to consider a positive response: The test substance will be regarded as a sensitiser if at least one concentration results in a threefold or greater increase in 3HTdR incorporation compared to control values. Any test material failing to produce a threefold or greater increase in 3HTdR incorporation will be classified as a "non-sensitiser".
TREATMENT PREPARATION AND ADMINISTRATION: A volume of 25 μL was applied to the dorsum of both ears of all animals daily for three consecutive days. Negative control animals were dosed with the vehicle, acetone/olive oil solution. Five days after the third application on Day 3, an injection in the tail vein of 0.25 mL (20 µCi to each mouse) of 3HTdR solution (80 µCi/mL) was made. Approximately 5 h after 3HTdR injection, the mice were sacrificed and draining auricular lymph nodes from each mouse ear were excised and processed separately in phosphate buffered saline for each animal. A single cell suspension was prepared by separation through a stainless steel gauze. After 2 centrifugation steps, the cells were resuspended in 5% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and incubated for approx. 18 h to precipitate out the radioactive material. After centrifugation cells were resuspended in 1 mL of TCA and 10 mL of scintillation fluid. 3HTdR was measured by β-scintillation using a scintillation system. - Positive control substance(s):
- hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (CAS No 101-86-0)
- Statistics:
- Data was processed to give group mean values for disintegrations per minute and standard deviations where appropriate. Individual and group mean disintegrations per minute values were assessed for dose response relationships by analysis of homogeneity of variance followed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). In the event of a significant result from the ANOVA, pairwise comparisons were performed between control and treated groups. For homogenous datasets Dunnett’s Multiple Comparison test was used and for non-homogenous datasets Dunnett’s T3 Multiple Comparison Method was used.
Results and discussion
- Positive control results:
- The SI for current positive control (α-hexylcinnamaldehyde 15% (v/v) in acetone/olive oil 4:1) was 10.91.
In vivo (LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 4.19
- Test group / Remarks:
- 25% (v/v)
- Key result
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 8.48
- Test group / Remarks:
- 50% (v/v)
- Key result
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 14.13
- Test group / Remarks:
- 100%
- Cellular proliferation data / Observations:
- DETAILS ON STIMULATION INDEX CALCULATION: The Stimulation Index is expressed as the mean radioactive incorporation for each treatment group divided by the mean radioactive incorporation of the vehicle control group.
EC3 CALCULATION: No EC3 value was given in the study report.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: There were no deaths. No signs of systemic toxicity were noted in the test or control animals during the test.
BODY WEIGHTS: Bodyweight changes of the test animals between Day 1 and Day 6 were comparable to those observed in the corresponding control group animals over the same period.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: Skin Sens Cat 1 according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the local lymph node assay, the test substance revealed a SI ≥ 3 at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100%. Therefore, the test substance is considered to be a skin sensitiser.
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