Bis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-)

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: screening tests

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

The supporting QMRF report has been attached

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The data is predicted using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with logKow as the primary descriptor.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material : bis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-)
- Molecular formula : C33H40N3.1/2C6FeN6.Cu
- Molecular weight : 1296.445 g/mol
- Smiles notation : CCNc1ccc(c2c1cccc2)C(=C3C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C3)c4ccc(cc4)N(CC)CC.CCNc1ccc(c2c1cccc2)C(=C3C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C3)c4ccc(cc4)N(CC)CC.C(#N)[Fe-4](C#N)(C#N)(C#N)(C#N)C#N.[Cu+].[Cu+]
- InChl : 1S/2C33H39N3.6CN.2Cu.Fe/c2*1-6-34-32-24-23-31(29-13-11-12-14-30(29)32)33(25-15-19-27(20-16-25)35(7-2)8-3)26-17-21-28(22-18-26)36(9-4)10-5;6*1-2;;;/h2*11-24H,6-10H2,1-5H3;;;;;;;;;/q;;;;;;;;2*+1;-4/p+2
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

other: Microorganisms

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Based on:

not specified

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

other: BOD

Key result

Parameter:

other: BOD

Value:

3.6

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: Other details not known

Details on results:

Test substance undergoes 3.6% degradation by BOD in 28 days.

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: BOD
Estimation method: Takes average value from the 5 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

((((((("a" and "b" )  and "c" )  and "d" )  and ("e" and ( not "f") )  )  and "g" )  and "h" )  and ("i" and "j" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Amine OR Aromatic compound OR Cation OR Secondary amine OR Secondary mixed amine (aryl, alkyl) OR Tertiary amine OR Tertiary mixed amine by Organic functional groups, Norbert Haider (checkmol) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Does NOT Biodegrade Fast by Biodeg probability (Biowin 5) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Does NOT Biodegrade Fast by Biodeg probability (Biowin 6) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Does NOT Biodegrade Fast by Biodeg probability (Biowin 7) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SN1 OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation >> N-Nitroso Compounds OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium and/or carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium and/or carbenium ion formation >> N-Nitroso Compounds OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related >> Epoxides and Aziridines OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation >> Quinoline Derivatives OR SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom OR SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom >> Quinoline Derivatives by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as High (Class III) by Toxic hazard classification by Cramer (original) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Not bioavailable by Lipinski Rule Oasis ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log BCF max which is >= 2.42 log(L/kg wet)

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log BCF max which is <= 4.51 log(L/kg wet)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Interpretation of results:

not readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

The test chemical bis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-) was estimated to be not readily biodegradable in water.

Executive summary:

Biodegradability of bis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-) (CAS no. 82338 -76 -9) is predicted using QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with logKow as the primary descriptor. Test substance undergoes 3.6% degradation by BOD in 28 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, the test chemical bis[[4 -[[4 -(diethylamino)phenyl][4 -(ethylamino)-1 -naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5 -dien-1 -ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1 +) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-) was estimated to be not readily biodegradable in water.

Description of key information

Biodegradability of bis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-) (CAS no. 82338 -76 -9) is predicted using QSAR toolbox version 3.3 (2017) with logKow as the primary descriptor. Test substance undergoes 3.6% degradation by BOD in 28 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, the test chemical bis[[4 -[[4 -(diethylamino)phenyl][4 -(ethylamino)-1 -naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5 -dien-1 -ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1 +) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-) was estimated to be not readily biodegradable in water.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Additional information

Various predicted data for the target compoundbis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-) (CAS No. 82338-76-9) and supporting weight of evidence studies for its closest read across substance were reviewed for the biodegradation end point which are summarized as below:

 

In a prediction done by SSS (2017) using OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with logKow as the primary descriptor, percentage biodegradability of test chemicalbis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-) (CAS No. 82338-76-9) was estimated.Test substance undergoes 3.6% degradation by BOD in 28 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, the test chemicalbis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-)was estimated to be not readily biodegradable in water.

 

In another prediction using the Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2017), the biodegradation potential of the test compoundbis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-) (CAS No. 82338-76-9) in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms was estimated.The biodegradability of the substance was calculated using seven different models such as Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI Linear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (called as Biowin 1-7, respectively) of the BIOWIN v4.10 software. The results indicate that chemicalbis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-)is expected to be not readily biodegradable.

 

In a supporting weight of evidence study from study report (Sustainability Support Services (Europe) AB, Study no.CPSL/GLPS/2010/002, 2010) for the read across chemical 4-{bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}-N,N-dimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-iminium chloride (CAS no. 548-62-9),biodegradation experiment was conducted for 28 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of read across substance 4 -{bis[4 -(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}-N,N-dimethyl cyclohexa-2,5 -dien-1 -iminium chloride. The study was performed under aerobic conditions according to OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test). Sewage, domestic was used as a test inoculum for the study. The percentage degradation of substance 4-{bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methyl idene}-N,N-dimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-iminium chloride was determined to be 3.6% by BOD parameter in 28 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, 4-{bis[4-(dimethylamino) phenyl]methylidene}-N,N-dimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-iminium chloride is considered to be not readily biodegradable in nature.

 

In a another supporting weight of evidence study from authoritative database (J-CHECK, 2017) for the read across chemical9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-3,6-bis(diethylamino)xanthenium chloride (CAS no. 81-88-9), biodegradation screening study is conducted for 4 weeks. Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge was 30 mg/l and initial test substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l, respectively. The percentage degradation of read across substance 9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-3,6-bis(diethylamino)xanthenium chloride is determined to be 0, 2 and 7% degradation by BOD, TOC removal and Uv-Vis parameter in 28 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, substance 9 -(2 -carboxyphenyl)-3,6 -bis(diethylamino)xanthenium chloride is considered to be not readily biodegradable in nature.

 

For the read across chemical [4-[α-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]benzylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride (CAS no. 569-64-2) from peer reviewed journal (H. Heukelekian and M. C. Rand, 1955),biodegradation experiment was conducted for 5 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of read across substance [4-[α-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]benzylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride using standard dilution method at a temperature of 20°C. Sewage was used as a test inoculum. The 5 day BOD value of chemical [4-[α-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]benzylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride was determined to be 0 g/g. Thus, based on this value, [4-[α-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]benzylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride is considered to be not readily biodegradable in nature.

 

Another biodegradation study was conducted for 14 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of the same read across substance [4-[α-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]benzylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride (CAS no. 569-64-2) (EnviChem, 2014). The study was performed according to OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I). Activated sludge was used as a test inoculums for the study. Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge used was 30 mg/l and initial test substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l, respectively. The percentage degradation of substance [4-[α-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]benzylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride was determined to be 0.3% by BOD parameter in 14 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, [4-[α-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]benzylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride is considered to be not readily biodegradable in nature.

 

On the basis of above results for target chemicalbis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-)(from OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 and EPI suite, 2017) and for its read across substance (from study report, peer reviewed journal and authoritative database J-CHECK & EnviChem), it can be concluded that the test substancebis[[4-[[4-(diethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)-1-naphthyl]methylene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]diethylammonium] dicopper(1+) hexa(cyano-C)ferrate(4-)can be expected to be not readily biodegradable in nature.