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EC number: 205-583-7 | CAS number: 143-08-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Weight of evidence across category suggests that nonan-1-ol is not a skin sensitiser. The key study was therefore read across from hexan-1-ol (Sharp 1978).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin sensitisation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Remarks:
- in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- no data
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Reasonable reporting of a modified Draize test, result reporting limited. Test sample not fully characterised. Controls only included at rechallenge. On a related material.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Skin sensitisation test in guinea pigs. Range finding (preliminary irritation) test by intradermal injection and topical application. Sensitisation test with induction by intradermal injection followed by intradermal and topical challenge. Repeated induction and rechallenge if negative results.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of study:
- other: modified Draize test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- An LLNA study was not performed because there is an existing reliable study for skin sensitisation using the Buehler/Guinea Pig Maximisation test method. Furthermore, the LLNA test method is not considered to be suitable for fatty alcohols. Please refer to the attached document for further details.
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- Hartley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: no data
- Age at study initiation: no data
- Weight at study initiation: approximately 350 g
- Housing: wire mesh cages, two animals (same sex) per cage
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): pelleted guinea pig diet, cabbage and hay ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: no data
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
No data
IN-LIFE DATES: no data - Positive control results:
- No positive control included, but a series of compounds was tested in the study, some of which were positive for skin sensitisation
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0.1% intradermal; 10% topical
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- other: Individual animal data were not presented.
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0.1% intradermal; 10% topical
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Remarks on result:
- other: Individual animal data were not presented.
- Group:
- positive control
- Remarks on result:
- other: No positive control included, but a series of compounds was tested in the study, some of which were positive for skin sensitisation
- Group:
- negative control
- Remarks on result:
- other: Individual animal data were not presented.
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- In a reliable study, conducted by a non-adjuvant modified Draize procedure (reliability 2), hexan-1-ol was not a skin sensitiser in guinea pigs following intradermal and topical challenge after 2 series of induction applications.
- Executive summary:
[In view of the structural and chemical similarities, it is considered that the results of this study can be used for read-across to Undecanol, linear and branched.]
Reference
Individual animal data were not presented.
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not sensitising)
- Additional information:
In addition to the read across from hexanol, a supporting study is available of reliability 4 in human, which suggests that 1-nonanol is not sensitising in man (Bevan, 2001).
Discussion of trends in the Category of C6-24 linear and essentially-linear aliphatic alcohols:
There is evidence throughout the carbon number range C6-C24 that long chain alcohols are not sensitising; this conclusion does not vary with carbon number within the Category: read-across substances are chosen based on carbon chain length and similarity of physicochemical properties.
A mouse local lymph node assays (LLNA) performed with Alcohols C14-15 branched and linear and with Alcohols C16-17 branched and linear was positive, although this study, which has significant deficiencies in terms of methodology and presentation of results, may have been confounded by skin irritation (House 2000). The LLNA studies pre-date the guideline, OECD TG 429, which indicates that for certain classes of substances, the LLNA may give false positives, and refers to Basketter et al (2009). This paper presents information on two fatty alcohols, and concludes that the fatty alcohols are not sensitisers, and may give a true false positive in the local lymph node assay. For such substances, use of the guinea pig maximisation assay is recommended. Data from guinea pig maximisation assays are available for a number of constituents of the substance and for multi-constituent substances with similar composition; the majority of these studies gave clear negative results. Therefore no classification is proposed for sensitisation, and the Category conclusion is that the members of the C6-24 alcohols category are not sensitisers.
Respiratory sensitisation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on weight of evidence across category, nonan-1-ol is proposed not to be sensitising to skin according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008.
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