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EC number: 630-324-3 | CAS number: 861229-15-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- from 1986-09-25 to 1986-12-04
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with national standard methods with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Reliable source. Reviewed by The Danish Environmental Agency.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: US-EPA guideline subdivision E 71-6
- Version / remarks:
- 1982
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- 14C-MCPP-P acid with a purity of 96.3 %
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- The concentration of 14C-MCPP-P in both exposure tanks was controlled by 14C-determinations at day 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 14, 21 and 28 of the exposure period and at day 1, 7 and 14 of the depuration period. In addition, water samples of the control tank were analysed for radioactivity background at day 0, 14 and 28 of the exposure period.
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Tween 80
- Details on preparation of test solutions, spiked fish food or sediment:
- The total radioactive material was dissolved in 10 mL ethanol and its amount determined by liquid scintillation counting to be 48.91 mg. To 17.775 g unlabelled MCPP-P acid dissolved in about 180 mL ethanol, 5.733 mL of the radioactive stock solution (= 28.04 mg) were added and the solution made up to 200.0 mL. Thereafter, 28 aliquots of 6.741 mL of the dilution were placed into graduated glass tubes and stored until use at -20 °C.
- Stock solution: To 6.741 mL of the ethanol stock solution containing 600 mg diluted 14C-MCPP-P, 6.0 g Tween 80 mere added, mixed and the solution quantitatively dissolved in 9.0 L of tap water. This stock solution was continuously stirred and delivered via the dispenser into the mixing flasks. The flow was adjusted so that 4.5 L stock solution were mixed with about 295.5 L of water within 24 hours and fed into the respective tank . The resulting concentration of the test article was about 1.0 ppm. - Test organisms (species):
- Lepomis macrochirus
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Bluegill sunfish
- Source: "Osage Catfisheries Inc.", Lake Road 54-56, Osage Beach, U.S.A.
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD):
- Weight at study initiation: average: 2.4 g at day 0
- Weight at termination: average: 3.0 g at day 28
- Lipid content at test initiation (mean and range, SD):
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 3 weeks to the laboratory environment and 13 days to the test concentrations
- Type and amount of food: Tetra fish feed and/or meat ad libitum
- Feeding frequency: once daily - Route of exposure:
- aqueous
- Test type:
- flow-through
- Water / sediment media type:
- natural water: freshwater
- Total exposure / uptake duration:
- 28 d
- Total depuration duration:
- 14 d
- Hardness:
- no data
- Test temperature:
- 19 - 20 °C
- pH:
- 7.3 - 8.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 3.1 - 9.2 mg/L
- TOC:
- no data
- Salinity:
- NA
- Conductivity:
- no data
- Details on test conditions:
- The flow-through system used comprised three aerated tanks each containing 100 L of water. One tank served as control, the other two received the 14C-labelled compound from a stock solution. It was daily prepared as a 9 L stock solution which was automatically delivered via a Hamilton dispenser unit into two mixing flasks receiving each the dilution tap water. The flow of the dispenser and of the tap water was adjusted so that about 300 L treated (about 1.0 ppm) water were continuously delivered to each tank within 24 hours. The flow of the control tank was adjusted to the same rate (about 300 L/day). The flow was controlled daily throughout the whole study.
The treated tanks received 150 fish each. The control tank received 50 fish. The fish were exposed for 28 days to the radiochemical. Samples of fish and water were taken periodically. After exposure, the water was exchanged by untreated water and the depuration of the chemical followed over a period of 14 days in the same system by periodically removing fish and water samples for residue analysis.
- Light ilumination: 12 hours daily at ca. 2000 lux
- Loading rate: 3.6 g/L - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentration: 1 ppm (mg/L)
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Details on estimation of bioconcentration:
- Samples of 15 fish mere taken from treated tanks per sampling interval for analysis of residual radioactivity in edible and non-edible parts and in the whole fish. Samples mere taken 1 hour after starting the dosage and at day 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 of exposure. During deouration, samoles mere taken at dav 1, 7, 10 and 14. Control fish from the control tank mere taken at day 0 and 28 of the exposure period. They served as background control.
Additional 25 and 20 fish mere taken for analysis of extrac-table and non-extractable radioactivity as mell as number and nature of metabolites in edibles at day 21 and 28 of the exposure period, respectively. - Key result
- Conc. / dose:
- 1 mg/L
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 7.8
- Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 1.2 dimensionless
- Basis:
- edible fraction
- Time of plateau:
- 14 d
- Key result
- Conc. / dose:
- 1 mg/L
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 7.8
- Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 5.5 dimensionless
- Basis:
- non-edible fraction
- Time of plateau:
- 14 d
- Key result
- Conc. / dose:
- 1 mg/L
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 7.8
- Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 3 dimensionless
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Time of plateau:
- 14 d
- Key result
- Elimination:
- yes
- Parameter:
- DT50
- Remarks:
- half-life (edible fraction)
- Depuration time (DT):
- 7.8 h
- Key result
- Elimination:
- yes
- Parameter:
- DT50
- Remarks:
- half-life (whole fish)
- Depuration time (DT):
- 27.4 h
- Key result
- Elimination:
- yes
- Parameter:
- DT50
- Remarks:
- half-life (non-edible fraction)
- Depuration time (DT):
- 37.9 h
- Metabolites:
- MCPP-P and MCPP-P Methyl were found as metabolites. Two unknown substances were also detected.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- For MCPP-P acid, the hydrolysis product of MCPP-P 2-EHE, BCF values of 1.2, 3.0 and 5.5 were determined on Lepomis macrochirus for different parts of the fish. These values indicate MCPP-P acid has a low potential for bioaccumulation. The elimination half-life was 27.4 hours for the whole fish.
- Executive summary:
MCPP-P 2-EHE hydrolyses rapidly in natural water. Therefore, the hydrolysis product MCPP-P acid was used for further assessment of MCPP-P 2-EHE with respect to its potential for bioaccumulation.
The bioaccumulation of 14C-MCPP-P acid by Bluegill sunfish was studied in a 28 day dynamic flow-through system. The test comprised three aerated tanks containing 100 L water. One tank served as control and two received 14C-MCPP-P acid from a stock solution. The flow rate was 300 L/day. In each exposure tank, 150 fish were exposed to a nominal concentration of 1 mg/L 14C-MCPP-P acid, ring labelled.
Samples of 15 fish were taken at each sampling interval for analysis of the residual radioactivity in non-edible part (head, viscera and fins), edible part (carcase, mainly fillets) and the whole fish. After start of exposure samples were taken after 1 hour, and 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. After 28 days of exposure, the water was exchanged by pure water (depuration phase) and samples were taken at day 1, 3, 7, 10 and 14. Samples of lyophilized and homogenized fish or fish parts were analysed by LSC and TLC.
The study with 14C-MCPP-P has shown that the herbicide was not or only to a minor extent accumulated by Bluegill Sunfish. The bioaccumulation factors observed were 1.2, 5.5 and 3.0 for edibles, non-edibles and the whole fish, respectively. Depuration was found to be rapid with half-lives of 7.8, 37.9 and 27.4 hours for edibles, non-edibles and the whole fish, respectively. Furthermore, it was shown that residues in edible parts of fish reached the limit of detection already 7 days after starting the depuration period.
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- Please refer to section 13 for "Read Across justification".
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Conc. / dose:
- 1 mg/L
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 7.8
- Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 1.2 dimensionless
- Basis:
- edible fraction
- Time of plateau:
- 14 d
- Key result
- Conc. / dose:
- 1 mg/L
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 7.8
- Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 5.5 dimensionless
- Basis:
- non-edible fraction
- Time of plateau:
- 14 d
- Key result
- Conc. / dose:
- 1 mg/L
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 7.8
- Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 3 dimensionless
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Time of plateau:
- 14 d
- Key result
- Elimination:
- yes
- Parameter:
- DT50
- Remarks:
- half-life (edible fraction)
- Depuration time (DT):
- 7.8 h
- Key result
- Elimination:
- yes
- Parameter:
- DT50
- Remarks:
- half-life (whole fish)
- Depuration time (DT):
- 27.4 h
- Key result
- Elimination:
- yes
- Parameter:
- DT50
- Remarks:
- half-life (non-edible fraction)
- Depuration time (DT):
- 37.9 h
Referenceopen allclose all
LEVEL OF RADIOACTIVITY IN EXPOSURE WATER
The level of radioactivity in exposure water of about 1.0 mg/L was established already 1 hour after starting the system. In treated tanks 2 and 3, the level of radioactivity averaged 0.99 ± 0.03 mg and 0.99 ± 0.05 mg 14C-MCPP-P equivalents per L of exposure water, respectively.
RESIDUES IN FISH DURING EXPOSURE (BIOACCUMULATION)
The residue values, calculated as parent equivalents according to the radioactivity found in fish or fish parts, are based on the fresh weight of the respective material. They reached a plateau 14 days after starting the exposure. The plateau values were, on average, 1.18 ± 0.18, 5.43 ± 0.16 and 2.99 ± 0.09 mg/kg in edible parts, non-edible parts and the whole fish, respectively.
Description of key information
The bioaccumulation of the source item, MCPP-P acid, in fish species: Lepomis macrochirus, was experimentally determined to be BCF (edible fraction) = 1.2, BCF (non-edible fraction) = 5.5 and BCF (whole fish) = 3.0, respectively.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- BCF (aquatic species):
- 5.5 dimensionless
Additional information
MCPP-P 2-EHE hydrolyses rapidly in natural water (please refer to IUCLID Section 5.1.1) to MCPP-P acid (CAS 16484-77-8) and the corresponding alcohol – 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (CAS 104-76-7). MCPP-P acid is readily biodegradable, hydrolycally stable with log Pow = 1.43 (at pH 7 and 20 °C) and adsorption coefficient Koc = 135-167. 2-ethyl-1-hexanol is readily biodegradable with log Pow = 2.9 (at pH 7 and 25 °C) and adsorption coefficient Koc (calculated) = 131.1. Based on this information, the study on bioaccumulation does not need to be conducted due to the rapid hydrolyses of MCPP-P 2-EHE to products, which are readily biodegradable and have low potential for bioaccumulation in higher organisms. Therefore, a read-across approach to the main hydrolysis product, MCPP-P acid, was performed.
The bioaccumulation of 14C-MCPP-P acid by Bluegill sunfish was studied in a 28 day dynamic flow-through system. The test comprised three aerated tanks containing 100 L water. One tank served as control and two received 14C-MCPP-P acid from a stock solution. The flow rate was 300 L/day. In each exposure tank, 150 fish were exposed to a nominal concentration of 1 mg/L 14C-MCPP-P acid, ring labelled.
Samples of 15 fish were taken at each sampling interval for analysis of the residual radioactivity in non-edible part (head, viscera and fins), edible part (carcase, mainly fillets) and the whole fish. After start of exposure samples were taken after 1 hour, and 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. After 28 days of exposure, the water was exchanged by pure water (depuration phase) and samples were taken at day 1, 3, 7, 10 and 14. Samples of lyophilized and homogenized fish or fish parts were analysed by LSC and TLC.
The study with 14C-MCPP-P has shown that the herbicide was not or only to a minor extent accumulated by Bluegill Sunfish. The bioaccumulation factors observed were 1.2, 5.5 and 3.0 for edibles, non-edibles and the whole fish, respectively. Depuration was found to be rapid with half-lives of 7.8, 37.9 and 27.4 hours for edibles, non-edibles and the whole fish, respectively. Furthermore, it was shown that residues in edible parts of fish reached the limit of detection already 7 days after starting the depuration period.
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