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EC number: 613-739-4 | CAS number: 65039-09-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Developmental toxicity / teratogenicity
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- developmental toxicity
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Meets generally accepted scientific standards, well documented and acceptable for assessment
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- A Comparison of the Effects of Prenatal Exposure of CD-1 Mice to Tree Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids
- Author:
- Bailey, Melissa M.; et. al.
- Year:
- 2 010
- Bibliographic source:
- Birth Defects Research (Part B), 89 (233-238)
- Reference Type:
- other: Poster Abstract
- Title:
- A comparison of the Effects of Prenatal Exposure of CD-1 Mice to Three Inidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids
- Author:
- Lovich, A.N.
- Year:
- 2 009
- Bibliographic source:
- Birth Defects Research, 85 (5), p. 431
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 414 (Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study)
- Deviations:
- yes
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C2mim)Cl
- IUPAC Name:
- 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C2mim)Cl
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report):1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C2mim)Cl
- Physical state: off-white crystalline solid
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- CD-1
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Breeding Lab. Internationa (Wilmington, MA)
- Use of restrainers for preventing ingestion (if dermal): yes/no
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum (Teklad LM-485 rodant diet (Harlan Teklad, Madison, WI))
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum (tap water)
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 +/- 2°C
- Humidity (%): 40 - 60 %
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- other: sterile water
- Details on exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS: Stock solutions were prepared by dissolving the inioc liquids in sterile water at final concentrations: 500.35 mg/ml
- Details on mating procedure:
- Mice bred naturally, two females with one male. Observaton of a copulation plug designated gestation day 0 (GD 0).
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- from GD 6-GD 16
- Frequency of treatment:
- Once daily
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
1000, 2000, 3000 mg/kg bw
Basis:
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 25 female
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- rangefinder: 4000 mg/kg day
Examinations
- Maternal examinations:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: daily
DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: daily
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: on GD 0 and as well as prior to each dosing - Ovaries and uterine content:
- The ovaries and uterine content was examined after termination: Yes
Examinations included:
- Gravid uterus weight: Yes
- Number of implantations: Yes - Fetal examinations:
- On GD 17 the mated females were authanized by CO", the uteri were exposud, and the numbers of resorptions and dead or live fetuses were recorded- Live fetuses were removed from the uterus, weighed individueally and examined for gross malfromations. All fetuese were subsequently examined for skeletal abnormalities.
- Statistics:
- The data from each study replicate were calculated independently, tested for homogenicity of variance by means of the Levene statistic, using SPSS, and then pooled and analyszed to give the results reported. All tabular data are presented as the mean +/- standard error (SEM). Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a least significant difference (LSD) posthoc test determine specific significant differences P ≤ 0.05 or by Pearson Z2 test (P ≤ 0.05).
- Historical control data:
- Historicla control data from more than 180 litters/2300 fetuses contained 2 incidences of bent tail and 2 incidences of ablepharia, but in the current study there were no incidences of any of the other malformations observed in fetuses from IL treated dams.
Results and discussion
Results: maternal animals
Maternal developmental toxicity
- Details on maternal toxic effects:
- Maternal toxic effects:no effects
Details on maternal toxic effects:
BODY WEIGHT AND FOOD CONSUMPTION (PARENTAL ANIMALS): Maternal weight was not significantly affected by exposure. There was an apparent treatment effect on maternal weight gain in the highes dose group; the differences from their respective control values were not statisically significant.
OTHER FINDINGS (PARENTAL ANIMALS): The percentage of animals dying or becoming moribund and necessitationg euthanization prior to the completion of dosing were significantly greater inthe 3000 mg/kg day treatment group as compared to the control and lower doses.
Results (fetuses)
- Details on embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:
- Embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:no effects
Details on embryotoxic / teratogenic effects:
The numbers of implantations and the percentages of resorbed or dead fetuses did not differ significantly among treatment groups.
There was no effect on fetal weight among the exposed fetuses. No gross malformations were observed in fetuses.
There was an increased litter incidence of supernumerary ribs, but not statisically significant. The stuy did not find significant differences in the number of implantations, vialble fetuses or resorbed/dead fetuses among the treatment groups. There were no morphological aberrations.
Effect levels (fetuses)
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- > 3 000 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Basis for effect level:
- other: embryotoxicity
Fetal abnormalities
- Abnormalities:
- not specified
Overall developmental toxicity
- Developmental effects observed:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
Maternal Weight Gain and litter Parameters of CD-1 Mice
|
Treatment and dose (mg/kg/day) |
|||
Vehicle control |
[C2min]Cl (1000) |
[C2min]Cl (1000) |
[C2min]Cl (1000) |
|
Maternal weight gain (g ± SEM) |
12.46 ± 0.68 |
13.51 ± 0.80 |
13.72 ± 0.74 |
11.31 ± 0.90 |
Maternal morbility/Mortality (No./% affected dams) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
8/33.3a |
Fetus/litters examined |
243/20 |
192/17 |
206/17 |
72/6 |
Implantations (mean ± SEM) |
12.30 ± 0.53 |
12.12/0.54 |
11.50 ± 0.68 |
12.33 ± 0.84 |
Resorbed or dead fetuses (No. ± SEM) |
0.90 ± 0.64 |
0.47 ± 0.47 |
2.51 ± 1.22 |
2.67- 1.69 |
Litters with resorbed or dead fetuses (No./%) |
2/10.0 |
1/5.9 |
4/22.2 |
2/33.3 |
Malformed fetuses (% ± SEM)bc |
0 ± 0.0 |
0 ± 0.0 |
0 ± 0.0 |
0 ± 0.0 |
Malformed fetuses (% affected litters)b |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
Supernumerary Ribs (% ± SEM) |
13.64 ± 3.47 |
15.41 ± 3.66 |
19.36 ± 5.82 |
23.00 ± 3.47 |
Rudimentary Ribs (% ± SEM) |
11.12 ± 3.84 |
15.91 ± 3.42 |
10.43 ± 2.59 |
10.33 ± 2.72 |
aSignificantly different from all other mean values (P≤0.01)
bFetuses displaying any gross malformation
cGrand mean of litter mean percentages.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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