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EC number: 451-900-9 | CAS number: 894406-76-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP study according to international guidelines.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Report date:
- 1994
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: FIFRA 40 CFR
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of study:
- Buehler test
Test material
- Test material form:
- other: solid gel
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material: Didecyldimethylammonium carbonate
Constituent 1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- Hartley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: Young adult
- Weight at study initiation: 300 – 500 g
- Housing: wire mesh suspension cages
- Diet: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: At least 9 days
Study design: in vivo (non-LLNA)
Inductionopen allclose all
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- water
- Concentration / amount:
- - Concentration of irritation applications:
Pilot No. 1: 2.5 %, 1.25 %, 0.5 %, 0.25 %, 0.125 %, 0.05 %, 0.025 %, 0.0125 %
Pilot No. 2: 0.125 %, 0.05 %
- Concentration of induction applications: 0.125 % DDACarbonate
- Concentration of challenge applications: 0.05 % DDACarbonate
Challengeopen allclose all
- Route:
- epicutaneous, occlusive
- Vehicle:
- water
- Concentration / amount:
- - Concentration of irritation applications:
Pilot No. 1: 2.5 %, 1.25 %, 0.5 %, 0.25 %, 0.125 %, 0.05 %, 0.025 %, 0.0125 %
Pilot No. 2: 0.125 %, 0.05 %
- Concentration of induction applications: 0.125 % DDACarbonate
- Concentration of challenge applications: 0.05 % DDACarbonate
- No. of animals per dose:
- See table 1 below.
- Details on study design:
- STUDY DESIGN
The purpose of the study was to determine the potential of DDACarbonate to produce a photallergenic skin reaction in guinea pigs. The study was conducted in three phases. The first and second phases involved contact primary irritation screening with and without irradiation, respectively. The third phase was composed of the induction and challenge procedures and was considered the definitive study. The test material was administered as a 0.125 % w/v formulation in distilled water for induction and as a 0.05 % w/v in distilled water for challenge.
IRRITATION PHASE
The purpose of the irritating phase was to determine the proper level of test material to be used in the induction and challenge phases. A total of four test material concentrations per animal were evaluated such that each animal in a given four-animal pilot group was exposed to the same four concentrations of test material. Eight test material concentrations were evaluated using two sets of pilot animals. The position of the different concentrations of test material on the animals was varied to adjust for possible site-to-site variation in response. The day following exposure, evaluation of the skin site was made (24-hour reading) and then followed by a second evaluation 24 hours later (48-hour reading). Based on the results of these applications, two minimally to mildly irritating concentrations were chosen for further screening in conjunction with irradiation.
- Days of irritation applications: Single application
- Concentration of irritation applications:
Pilot No. 1: 2.5%, 1.25%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.125%, 0.05%, 0.025%, 0.0125%
Pilot No. 2: 0.125%, 0.05%
- Vehicle: Distilled water
- Volume applied: 0.3 mL
INDUCTION
Based on the results of the irritation phase, two concentrations were used in the induction phase. The test material was applied to the prepared skin site and covered with an occlusive cover. Four hours later, the cover was removed and those animals not scheduled for irradiation were returned to the cages. Those scheduled for irradiation were irradiated. No grading of skin sites was done during this phase.
- Days of induction applications:
Group 1: 3 times/week (Monday, Wednesday and Friday) for 3 consecutive weeks (9 applications in total)
Group 2, 5 and 6: untreated
- Concentration of induction applications: 0.125 % DDACarbonate
- Vehicle: See Table 2 below.
- Volume applied: 0.3 mL
CHALLENGE PHASE
Based on the results of the irritation phase, one concentration was used in the challenge phase. The day following exposure, evaluation of the skin site was made (24-hour reading) and then followed by a second evaluation 24 hours later (48-hour reading).
- Days of induction and challenge applications: Single treatment 12 days followed last induction exposure (all groups)
- Concentration of challenge applications: 0.05 % DDACarbonate
- Vehicle: See Table 2 below.
- Volume applied: 0.3 mL
POSITIVE CONTROL
- Positive control substance: 3,3‘,4‘,5-Tetrachlorosalicylanilide
- Concentration of positive control in vehicle: See Table 2 below.
IRRADIATION
Those animals that underwent irradiation (Pilot group No. 2, Groups 1 and 3 in the induction phase and Groups 1, 2, 3 and 5 in the challenge phase) were irradiated for 2 hours, within 30 minutes of completion of respective treatment with test material. Irradiation was achieved using a lighting system of twelve 20 watt black light bulbs. Immediately prior and following the irradiation of the animals, radiation levels were measured using ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) light probes with peak responses at 310 nm and 365 nm, respectively. The UVA probe was covered with a 3 mm thick piece of window to preclude UVB effects. - Challenge controls:
- See table 4 below.
- Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,3‘,4‘,5-Tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TSCA)
Results and discussion
- Positive control results:
- See tables 3 and 4 below.
In vivo (non-LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0.05 % AI induced test material + irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 10
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- 10/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction)
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 0.05 % AI induced test material + irradiation . No with. + reactions: 10.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: 10/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction).
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0.05 % AI induced test material + irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 8
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- 2/10 No reaction; 8/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction)
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 0.05 % AI induced test material + irradiation . No with. + reactions: 8.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: 2/10 No reaction; 8/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction).
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0.05 % AI naïve test material + irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 10
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- 10/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction)
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 0.05 % AI naïve test material + irradiation . No with. + reactions: 10.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: 10/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction).
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 0.05 % naïve test material + irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 10
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- 10/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction)
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 0.05 % naïve test material + irradiation . No with. + reactions: 10.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: 10/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction).
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- Induced TCSA + irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 9
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- 3/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction), 5/10 Slight, but confluent or moderate, but patchy erythema, 1/10 Moderate erythema
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: positive control. Dose level: Induced TCSA + irradiation . No with. + reactions: 9.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: 3/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction), 5/10 Slight, but confluent or moderate, but patchy erythema, 1/10 Moderate erythema.
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- Induced TCSA + irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 9
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- 5/10 Slight, patchy erythema, 3/10 Slight, but confluent or moderate, but patchy erythema, 1/10 Moderate erythema
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: positive control. Dose level: Induced TCSA + irradiation . No with. + reactions: 9.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: 5/10 Slight, patchy erythema, 3/10 Slight, but confluent or moderate, but patchy erythema, 1/10 Moderate erythema.
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- Induced TCSA without irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 10
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- 10/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction)
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: positive control. Dose level: Induced TCSA without irradiation . No with. + reactions: 10.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: 10/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction).
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- Induced TCSA without irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 10
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- 10/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction)
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: positive control. Dose level: Induced TCSA without irradiation . No with. + reactions: 10.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: 10/10 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction).
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- Naïve TCSA + irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 5
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Clinical observations:
- 1/5 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction), 4/5 Slight, but confluent or moderate, but patchy erythema (i.e. a slight but definite reaction at the patch site
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: positive control. Dose level: Naïve TCSA + irradiation . No with. + reactions: 5.0. Total no. in groups: 5.0. Clinical observations: 1/5 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction), 4/5 Slight, but confluent or moderate, but patchy erythema (i.e. a slight but definite reaction at the patch site.
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- Naïve TCSA + irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 5
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Clinical observations:
- 5/5 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction)
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: positive control. Dose level: Naïve TCSA + irradiation . No with. + reactions: 5.0. Total no. in groups: 5.0. Clinical observations: 5/5 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction).
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- Naïve TCSA without irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 5
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Clinical observations:
- 5/5 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction)
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: positive control. Dose level: Naïve TCSA without irradiation . No with. + reactions: 5.0. Total no. in groups: 5.0. Clinical observations: 5/5 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction).
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- positive control
- Dose level:
- Naïve TCSA without irradiation
- No. with + reactions:
- 3
- Total no. in group:
- 5
- Clinical observations:
- 3/5 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction)
- Remarks on result:
- other: see Remark
- Remarks:
- Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: positive control. Dose level: Naïve TCSA without irradiation . No with. + reactions: 3.0. Total no. in groups: 5.0. Clinical observations: 3/5 Slight, patchy erythema (i.e. barely perceptible or questionable reaction).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 3: Incidence and severity of skin reaction scores following primary irritation phase
Group |
Conc |
Incidence of responses |
Mean severity scores |
||||||||||
24-hours |
48-hours |
||||||||||||
Skin reaction scores |
Skin reaction scores |
||||||||||||
0 |
± |
1 |
2 |
3 |
0 |
± |
1 |
2 |
3 |
24-hr |
48-hr |
||
Pilot No. 1 |
2.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
1.25 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
|
0.5 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
1.75 |
1.75 |
|
0.25 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1.25 |
|
0.125 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
|
0.05 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
|
0.025 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
|
0.0125 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.375 |
|
Pilot No. 2 |
0.125 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.05 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
Table 4: Incidence and severity of skin reaction scores following challenge with test material and TSCA
Group |
Incidence of Responses |
Mean Severity Scores |
||||||||||
24-Hours |
48-Hours |
|||||||||||
Skin reaction scores |
Skin reaction scores |
|||||||||||
0 |
± |
1 |
2 |
3 |
0 |
± |
1 |
2 |
3 |
24-hr |
48-hr |
|
Primary Challenge |
||||||||||||
Group No 1 Induced |
0 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
Group No. 2 Naïve |
0 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
Group No. 3 Induced |
1 |
3 |
5 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
Group No. 4 Induced |
0 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
Group No. 5 Naïve |
0 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
Group No. 6 Naïve |
0 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0.3 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not sensitising
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- Repeated cutaneous application of test item in combination with UV irradiation resulted in mild skin irritation but did not produce evidence of skin sensitisation.
- Executive summary:
A study was carried out according to OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation) and FIFRA 40 CFR. The purpose of the study was to determine the potential of DDACarbonate to produce a photallergenic skin reaction in guinea pigs. The study was conducted in three phases. The first and second phases involved contact primary irritation screening with and without irradiation, respectively. The third phase was composed of the induction and challenge procedures and was considered the definitive study. The test material was administered as a 0.125 % w/v formulation in distilled water for induction and as a 0.05 % w/v in distilled water for challenge.
Following primary challenge, the incidence and severity of responses in the test groups were comparable to the naïve control group, indicating that photosensitisation had not been induced by the test material.
Repeated cutaneous application of test item in combination with UV irradiation resulted in mild skin irritation but did not produce evidence of skin sensitisation.
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Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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