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EC number: 235-123-0 | CAS number: 12070-12-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: dermal
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: dermal
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1998-02-24 to 1999-06-24
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- ell documented, scientifically sound study that was conducted accordiing to GLP and OECD guideline 402.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- assessment report
Reference
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 2 000 mg/kg bw
- Quality of whole database:
- Study conducted under OECD guidlines and under GLP
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Value:
- 5 300 mg/m³ air
- Quality of whole database:
- Study conducted under OECD guidlines and under GLP
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Value:
- 2 000 mg/kg bw
- Quality of whole database:
- Study conducted under OECD guidelines and under GLP
Acute toxicity studies of sufficient quality and tested in accordance with standard methodology on tungsten carbide indicate a low potential for acute toxicity when administered through oral, inhalation, or dermal routes. No histopathological effects were reported, and the LD50s/LC50s and NOELs reported in each study were greater than the highest dose tested, > 2000 mg/kg bw, > 5.3 mg/L/4hrs, and > 2000 mg/kg bw for the oral, inhalation, and dermal routes of administration, respectively.
Acute toxicity studies of sufficient quality and tested in accordance with standard methodology showed that the acute oral LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg in rats, the acute inhalation LC50 was greater than 5.3 mg/L/4hr in rats, and the acute dermal LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg in rats for tungsten carbide. The cutoff LD50 or LC50 values for classification are 2000 mg/kg for oral and dermal routes, and 5.0 mg/L/4hr for inhalation route. Therefore, no classification is required for the acute oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity for tungsten carbide.
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 999
- Report date:
- 1999
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- SIDS Initial Assessment Report for SIAM 21 for Tungsten Carbide (12070-12-1), Washington DC,18-20 October, 2005
- Author:
- OECD-SIDS
- Year:
- 2 005
- Bibliographic source:
- UNEP Publications
- Report date:
- 2005
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Tungsten carbide
- EC Number:
- 235-123-0
- EC Name:
- Tungsten carbide
- Cas Number:
- 12070-12-1
- Molecular formula:
- CW
- IUPAC Name:
- tungsten(4+) methanetetraide
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Tungsten Carbide Powder - Pure
- Physical state: Grey powder
- Analytical purity: >99.98%
- Storage condition of test material: Room temperature
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan UK Ltd Bicester Oxon England
- Age at study initiation: 8-11 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 208-255g
- Housing: Individually in metal cages with wire mesh floors
- Diet (eg ad libitum): ad lib - Special Diet Services RM1(E) SQC expanded pellet
- Water (eg ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21-22.5
- Humidity (%): 29-52%
- Air changes (per hr): 10-15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12 (0700 - 1900 hours)
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 1998-02-24 To: 1998-03-10
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Vehicle:
- other: methylcellulose
- Details on dermal exposure:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: Dorso-lumbar region
- % coverage: 10%
- Type of wrap if used: Porous gauze held in place with a non-irritating dressing covered with a waterproof dressing encircling trunk of animal.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): Warm water (30 to 40 °C) to remove residual test substance. The treated area was blotted dry with absorbent paper.
- Time after start of exposure: 24 hours
TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 2 mL/kg bodyweight
- Concentration (if solution): 100% w/v in 1% w/v aqueous methylcellulose
- Constant volume or concentration used: Yes
VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 1% w/v aqueous methylcellulose - Duration of exposure:
- 24 hours
- Doses:
- 2000 mg/kg bw
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5 males and five females
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Cages of rats were checked at least twice daily for any mortalities
- Necropsy of survivors performed: Yes
- Other examinations performed: Clinical signs, body weight
CLINICAL SIGNS:
Animals were observed soon after dosing and at frequent intervals for the remainder of Day 1. On subsequent days animals were observed once in the morning and again at the end of the experimental day (with the exception of Day 15 - morning only). The nature and severity of the clinical signs and time were recorded at each observation.
BODYWEIGHT:
The bodyweight of each rat was recorded on Days 1 (prior to dosing), 8 and 15. Individual weekly bodyweight changes and group mean bodyweights were calculated.
TERMINAL STUDIES:
-Macroscopic pathology- All animals were subjected to a macroscopic examination which consisted of opening the abdominal and thoracic cavities. The macroscopic appearance of all tissues was recorded and macroscopic abnormalities were preserved. - Statistics:
- no data
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- > 2 000 mg/kg bw
- Key result
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- other: NOEL
- Effect level:
- > 2 000 mg/kg bw
- Mortality:
- No deaths occurred.
- Clinical signs:
- other: other: No evidence of a systemic response in any animal throughout the study following a single dose application of Tungsten Carbide Powder - pure.
- Gross pathology:
- No macroscopic abnormalities were observed for animals killed at study termination on Day 15.
- Other findings:
- No dermal irritation was seen in any animal during the study.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The NOEL and acute lethal dose to rats of Tungsten Carbide Powder- Pure was demonstrated to be greater than 2000 mg/kg bodyweight.
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