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EC number: 231-768-7 | CAS number: 7723-14-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: short-term
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Scientifically sound study published in a peer-reviewed journal and conducted in accordance with an appropriate guideline (OECD 207).
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- The relative toxicity of metaldehyde and iron phosphate-based molluscicides to earthworms
- Author:
- Edwards CA, Arancon NQ, Vasko-Bennett M, Little B & Askar A
- Year:
- 2 009
- Bibliographic source:
- Crop Protection 28: 289–294
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 207 (Earthworm, Acute Toxicity Tests)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Study tested both iron phosphate and a commonly used molluscicide; iron phosphate with EDTA.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- iron phosphate
- IUPAC Name:
- iron phosphate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): iron phosphate
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
Test substrate
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- Treatments were: over the range of concentrations 0 (control), 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0, 1000.0, and 10,000.0 mg of chemical / kg d.w. soil.
The treatments tested were:
1) Control – no chemicals
2) Metaldehyde
3) Iron phosphate (Fe(PO4)3)
4) EDDS
5) EDTA
6) 100% Fe(PO4)3 + 3% EDDS*
7) 100% Fe(PO4)3 + 3% EDTA*
*These are the amounts of chelating agents needed to obtain complete chelation of the iron phosphate. Metaldehyde, and iron phosphate were applied, mixed with 10 g finely ground quartz sand, and EDDS and EDTA were both applied in deionized water solution. The control and EDDS and EDTA treatments also received 10 g finely ground quartz sand. There were four replicates of each treatment.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Eisenia fetida
- Animal group:
- annelids
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: earthworm
- Source: no data
- Weight at test initiation: approx 1 mg
Study design
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- artificial soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 20°C
- pH:
- 6.0 +/- 0.5
- Moisture:
- 35% dry weight moisture content
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (material, size): glass jars
- Amount of soil or substrate: 750 g
- No. of organisms per container (treatment): 10
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 4
- No. of replicates per control: 4
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil):
10% finely ground sphagnum peat (pH 5.5–6.0).
20% kaolinite clay (containing >30% kaolinite).
70% industrial quartz sand (dominant fine sand with more than 50% of particle size of 0.05–2.0 mm).
1% calcium carbonate (CaCO3 – pulverized to bring the pH of mixture to 6.0 ± 0.5). - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, 100.0, 1000.0, 10.000.0 mg of chemical / kg dry weight soil
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 78.16 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: iron phosphate + 3% EDTA
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 82.98 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- other: iron phosphate + 3% EDDS
- Basis for effect:
- morphology
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Iron phosphate alone had no significant effects on the earthworms at any of the tested concentrations. However, combinations of iron phosphate with both EDTA and EDDS had significant effects on the earthworm numbers.
This study demonstrates the low bioavailability of iron phosphate (ferric orthophosphate); when combine with a chelating agent the bioavailability is increased and the toxic effects to earthworms of iron ingestion are noted. ferric orthophosphate itself is not considered to be toxic to earthworms.
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