Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 243-957-1 | CAS number: 20667-12-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1989-04-10 to 1989-04-10
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
- Report date:
- 1989
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Disilver oxide
- EC Number:
- 243-957-1
- EC Name:
- Disilver oxide
- Cas Number:
- 20667-12-3
- Molecular formula:
- Ag2O
- IUPAC Name:
- silver(1+) oxide
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): silver(i)-oxide
- Physical state: brown-grey powder
- Stability under test conditions: Not indicated by the sponsor.
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: white russian (albino)
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: ASTA Pharma AG, Bielefeld
- Age at study initiation: 10 months (males); 10 and 11 months (females)
- Weight at study initiation: 2.53 kg (males); 2.78 and 2.94 kg (females)
- Housing: stainless steel cages with grating floor, type ASTA, size: 48.5x40x36.5 cm (LxBxH), individually housing
- Diet: approx. 120 g/day x animal (Standard Diet, ssniff K, "Special diet for rabbits" supplied by ssniff Spezialfutter GmbH, D-4770 Soest)
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 1 day
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21.5 - 25.0
- Humidity (%): 40 - 60
- Photoperiod: 12 hours dark/light cycle
Test system
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Controls:
- other: The right eye of each animal was not treated and was used as a control.
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.08 g (representing a volume of about 0.1 ml) of the test substance were applied into the conjunctival sac of the left eye. Then both lids were briefly closed by gentle finger pressure. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- "lids were briefly closed"
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 1 hour post application
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3 rabbits (1 male and 2 females)
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): The treated eye was not rinsed.
SCORING SYSTEM: Signs of irritation on the cornea, iris and conjunctiva were assessed quantitatively and qualitatively using the DRAIZE scale. In addition, attention was paid to the occurrence of further reactions on the eyes (e.g. corrosive effect) and to clinical symptoms (systemic toxic effects).
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: The treated eyes were examined using a Cliptrix pencil light (supplied by Varta, Hannover, No. 645).
EVALUATION: An irritation index was not determined because of the corrosive effects.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Remarks:
- (opacity)
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour after treatment
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: animals were sacrificed
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Remarks:
- (area of cornea involved)
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour after treatment
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: animals were sacrificed
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of irritation
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour after treatment
- Reversibility:
- other: animals were sacrificed
- Remarks on result:
- other: evaluation not possible
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Remarks:
- (redness)
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour after treatment
- Reversibility:
- other: animals were sacrificed
- Remarks on result:
- other: evaluation not possible
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Remarks:
- (discharge)
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour after treatment
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- other: animals were sacrificed
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of irritation
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 1 hour after treatment
- Score:
- 1.33
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: animals were sacrificed
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of irritation
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- The application of 0.08 g silver(I)-oxide into one conjunctival sac each of three rabbits caused severe changes. Because of the physical properties of the test substance the dose had to be limited to the a.m. level.
The cornea of all animals showed opacity of the whole corneal area (grade 4). The upper corneal area was olive-green discoloured.
An evaluation of the iris was impossible.
The conjunctiva of all animals was olive-green discoloured and the nictitating membrane of one animal parchment-like thinned. In addition, slight or obvious swelling with partial eversion of lids (grades 1 or 2) was observed.
Discharge with moistening of considerable parts around the eye (grade 3) was detected in two animals. - Other effects:
- The animals were sacrificed painlessly for reasons of animal protection.
In general, identical histopathological findings were present in all three animals. Severe acute coagulation necrosis of the mucosa and submucosal tissue, incl. glandular tissue, with complete loss of the epithelium and moderate edema were observed in conjunctiva and nictitating membrane. In the cornea complete loss of the corneal epithelium and hyalinization of the superficial layers of the corneal stroma were found.
There were no systemic toxic effects after conjunctival application of the test substance.
Any other information on results incl. tables
A full evaluation of iris anc conjunctivae score was not possible (due to the severity of the effects the animals had to be sacrificed before conclusion of the normal observation period).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1 (irreversible effects on the eye) based on GHS criteria
- Remarks:
- Silver(I)-oxide is corrosive to the eye.
- Conclusions:
- Silver(I)-oxide is corrosive in this test system.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.