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EC number: 918-594-3 | CAS number: 7723-14-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 4 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
Local effects
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 30 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Additional information - workers
Acute
DNELs
According to RIP 3.2.2, Chapter R8, R8.1.2.5, p. 16 no acute DNELs were derived since no acute toxicity hazard has been identified. The long-term DNEL also covers possible acute toxic effects.
DNEL derivation
Since elemental Red Phosphorus is not systemically bioavailable (for details please refer to Chapter 7.1) no DNEL is derived from higher tier studies. Only the oxidized Phosphorus species (PO23-, PO33-, PO43 –) are able to cross the gut wall/penetrate membranes and enter the organism in a minimal amount (1.3 % of the applied Phosphorus dose). Phosphate is known to be a food additive and an ADI(Acceptable Daily Intake) value for the general population based on Phosphate toxicity data is available. According to the FAO/WHO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization) it is set at 30-70 mg Phophorus/kg bw (FAO Nutrition Meetings, Report Series No. 48A, WHO/FOODADD/70.39 June 1970 and Report Series No. 17, May 1998). In general, the ADI is a very conservative approach and applicable on the general population (incl. children, pregnant women and the elderly population). Therefore, it is justified to use this value instead of a long-term oral DNEL for humans (workers as well as consumers).
Long-term dermal systemic DNEL based on
ADI(derived by FAO/WHO Expert Commitee):
- DNEL(dermal) derived according to “Guidance on information
requirements and chemical safety assessment”, Chapter R8-2, Example B.5
(p. 69).
corrected DNEL(dermal) =ADI(oral, human) x
Absorption(oral-human)/Absorption(dermal-human)
= 30 mg/kg bw x
100%/100%
= 30 mg/kg bw
- since this DNEL(dermal) is derived from an accepted ADI which includes
valid toxicity data as well safety factors, the application of further
assessment factors is not necessary.
=> =30 mg/kg bw/d
Long-term inhalatory DNEL based on ADI
(derived by FAO/WHO Expert Commitee):
- DNEL(inhalation) derived based on the following assumptions
ADI = 30 mg/kg bw/d
Average body weight = 70 kg (according to “Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment”, Chapter R8.4.3.1, p. 30)
=>acceptable daily systemic dose= 30 mg/kg bw/d x 70 kg =2100 mg/d
Respiratory volume (worker, 8h, light activity) = 10 m3/person (according to “Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment”, Chapter R8.4.2, Table R8-2, p. 26)
=>DNEL(inhalation)= 2100 mg / 10 m3=210 mg/m3
The calculated DNEL(inhalation) is very unlikely to occur. Working in an atmosphere containing 210 mg/m3 Red Phosphorus dust is not practicable. Therefore, in order to follow the most conservative approach the general threshold limit value for dust for the inhalable fraction, 4 mg/m3 as recommended by the German MAK Commission (please refer to “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, MAK- und BAT-Werte-Liste, Senatskommission zur Prüfung gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe, Mitteilung 46, Willey-VCH Verlag GmbH , 2010; p. 187), was chosen as DNEL(inhalation).
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 4 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
Local effects
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 30 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 30 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Additional information - General Population
Acute DNELs
According to RIP 3.2.2, Chapter R8, R8.1.2.5, p. 16 no acute DNELs were derived since no acute toxicity hazard has been identified. The long-term DNEL also covers possible acute toxic effects.
DNEL derivation
Since elemental Red Phosphorus is not systemically bioavailable (for details please refer to Chapter 7.1) no DNEL is derived from higher tier studies. Only the oxidized Phosphorus species (PO23-, PO33-, PO43 –) are able to cross the gut wall/penetrate membranes and enter the organism in a minimal amount (1.3 % of the applied Phosphorus dose). Phosphate is known to be a food additive and an ADI(Acceptable Daily Intake) value for the general population based on Phosphate toxicity data is available. According to the FAO/WHO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization) it is set at 30-70 mg Phosphorus/kg bw (FAO Nutrition Meetings, Report Series No. 48A, WHO/FOODADD/70.39 June 1970 and Report Series No. 17, May 1998). In general, the ADI is a very conservative approach and applicable on the general population (incl. children, pregnant women and the elderly population). Therfore, it is justified to use this value instead of a long-term oral DNEL for humans (workers as well as consumers).
Long-term oral systemic DNEL based on
ADI(derived by FAO/WHO Expert Commitee):
30 mg/kg bw/d
- since this DNEL(oral) is derived from an accepted ADI which includes
valid toxicity data as well safety factors, the application of further
assessment factors is not necessary.
=> =30 mg/kg bw/d
Long-term dermal systemic DNEL based on
ADI (derived by FAO/WHO Expert Commitee):
- DNEL(dermal) derived according to “Guidance on information
requirements and chemical safety assessment”, Chapter R8-2, Example B.5
(p. 69).
corrected DNEL(dermal) =ADI(oral, human) x
Absorption(oral-human)/Absorption(dermal-human)
= 30 mg/kg bw x
100%/100%
= 30 mg/kg bw
- since this DNEL(dermal) is derived from an accepted ADI which includes
valid toxicity data as well safety factors, the application of further
assessment factors is not necessary.
=> =30 mg/kg bw/d
Long-term inhalatory DNEL based on ADI
(derived by FAO/WHO Expert Commitee):
- DNEL(inhalation) derived based on the following assumptions
ADI = 30 mg/kg bw/d
Average body weight = 70 kg (according to “Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment”, Chapter R8.4.3.1, p. 30)
=>acceptable daily systemic dose= 30 mg/kg bw/d x 70 kg =2100 mg/d
Respiratory volume (24h) = 20 m3/person (according to “Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment”, Chapter R8.4.2, Table R8-2, p. 26)
=>DNEL(inhalation)= 2100 mg / 20 m3=105 mg/m3
The calculated DNEL(inhalation) is very unlikely to occur. The stay in an atmosphere containing 105 mg/m3 Red Phosphorus dust is not practicable.
Therefore, in order to follow the most conservative approach the general threshold limit value for dust for the inhalable fraction, 4 mg/m3 as recommended by the German MAK Commission (please refer to “Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, MAK- und BAT-Werte-Liste, Senatskommission zur Prüfung gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe, Mitteilung 46, Willey-VCH Verlag GmbH , 2010; p. 187), was chosen as DNEL(inhalation).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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