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EC number: 212-832-3 | CAS number: 872-85-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2 June - 6 June 2003
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP - guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 003
- Report date:
- 2003
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Isonicotinaldehyde
- EC Number:
- 212-832-3
- EC Name:
- Isonicotinaldehyde
- Cas Number:
- 872-85-5
- Molecular formula:
- C6H5NO
- IUPAC Name:
- pyridine-4-carbaldehyde
- Test material form:
- other: liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report) : Pyridine-4-aldehyde
- Physical state : clear yellowish liquid
- Analytical purity : 98,7% (GC)
- Lot/batch No. : 1120126/001
- Storage condition of test material : Refrigerator at approx. 4°C , in the dark , under nitrogen
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations : The actual concentrations of the test substance in the test media were determined by HPLC before the test and after 48 hours .
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method : Immediately before the beginning of the test the highest concentration of nominal 100 mg/l solution was prepared by dissolving 26,5 mg test substance in 250 ml reconstituted water . The lower concentrations ( 10 , 18 , 32 and 56 mg/l ) were then obtained by diluting with reconstituted water .
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name : water flea
- Source : Neonates of Daphnia magna were obtained by hatching ephippia supplied in the microbiotest "Daphtoxkit F TM" (Daphnia magna ; MicroBio Tests Inc. , Industriezone "De Prijkels" , Venecoweg 19 , 9810 Nazareth , Belgium )
- Age at study initiation : < 24 h
- Feeding during test : none
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 250 mg CaCO3/l
- Test temperature:
- approximately 20°C troughout the test
- pH:
- between 7,8 and 7,9 in the substance solutions
- Dissolved oxygen:
- at least 7,9 mg/l
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- see table 1 at "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables"
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel : Disposable multiwell test plates with 30 test wells with a transparent lid , provided with the testkit . Each plate has 4 wells (replicates A,B,C,D) for the control and for 5 concentrations .
- Aeration : no extra aeration , but slight circulation of air is still possible when the lid of the test plate is closed .
- No. of organisms per vessel : 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates) : 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates) : 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water : reconstituted water according ISO 6341 . The water was aerated and the pH , the dissolved oxygen concentration and the water hardness were checked befor using .
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Light : 16 hours artificial light
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : 24 and 48 hours after beginning of exposure the neonates were observed for their swimming behaviour .
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations : 10 , 18 , 32 , 56 and 100 mg/l - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 60 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: swimming behaviour
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL : 49 - 72 mg/l
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 49 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: swimming behaviour
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL : 41 - 59 mg/l
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: swimming behaviour
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: swimming behaviour
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: swimming behaviour
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: swimming behaviour
- Details on results:
- As some daphnids in the test substance groups were trapped at the water surface there is a possible influence of the test substance to the water surface tension .
Any other information on results incl. tables
Immobilisation 24 hours after the start of exposure
Group (mg/l) | Concentration (mg/l) | Immobilised neonates (trapped at the water surface) / total number of neonates | |||||
Number per replicate | Total number | Total % | |||||
A | B | C | D | ||||
K | 0 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 20 | 0 |
C1 | 10 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 20 | 0 |
C2 | 18 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 1 / 5 | 1 / 20 | 5 |
C3 | 32 | 1 / 5 | 1 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 2 / 20 | 10 |
C4 | 56 | 2 (2) / 5 | 2 (1) / 5 | 2 / 5 | 3 (1) / 5 | 9 / 20 | 45 |
C5 | 100 | 4 (2) / 5 | 4 (2) / 5 | 4 (1) / 5 | 5 (4) / 5 | 17 / 20 | 85 |
Immobilisation 48 hours after the start of exposure
Group (mg/l) | Concentration (mg/l) | Immobilised neonates (trapped at the water surface) / total number of neonates | |||||
Number per replicate | Total number | Total % | |||||
A | B | C | D | ||||
K | 0 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 20 | 0 |
C1 | 10 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 20 | 0 |
C2 | 18 | 0 / 5 | 0 / 5 | 1 / 5 | 1 / 5 | 2 / 20 | 5 |
C3 | 32 | 1 (1) / 5 | 1 (1) / 5 | 0 / 5 | 1 / 5 | 3 / 20 | 15 |
C4 | 56 | 2 (2) / 5 | 3 (2) / 5 | 3 / 5 | 3 (2) / 5 | 11 / 20 | 55 |
C5 | 100 | 5 / 5 | 5 / 5 | 5 / 5 | 5 / 5 | 20 / 20 | 100 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- At the end of the test the measured concentrations of Pyridine-4-aldehyde were between 87 and 99% of the actual starting concentration ; Immobilisation of control group daphnids was 0% ; no control daphnids trapped at the water surface
- Conclusions:
- The study was conducted under GLP compliance and a well documented study report is available. The acute toxicity of pyridine-4-aldehyde to daphnia magna was determined in a 48 hours static test . The 48 h EC50 value was 49 mg/l (95% CL : 41 - 59 mg/l)
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrates of pyridine-4-aldehyde was tested according to EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia) in a static freshwater test with Daphnia magna as test organisms, which is a freshwater invertebrate representative of a wide variety of natural habitats, and can therefore be considered as an important non-target organism in freshwater ecosystems. Neonates of Daphnia magna, hatched from ephippia and not more than 24 hours old, were exposed to five concentrations of the test substance (10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg test substance / L) in reconstituted water according ISO 6341. A negative control group was exposed to reconstituted water only. 20 daphnids, divided into 4 replicates (5 daphnia each), were used for each test substance group and for the control group. No aeration was performed and the test solutions were not renewed during the exposure period. The vessels were covered and maintained at ca. 20°C with a photoperiod of 16 h light for a test duration of 48 hours. No reference substance is required in accordance to the test guideline. The EC50 value was determined as 49 mg/L with 95 % Confidence limits of 41 - 59 mg/L. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was the analytical method of choice.
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