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EC number: 273-761-1 | CAS number: 69012-64-2 Amorphous silicon dioxide particles from the volatilization and vaporization of furnace feed materials in the manufacture of ferrosilicon and silicon.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-standard test methods used
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Comparative eco-toxicity of nanoscale TiO2, SiO2, and ZnO water suspen-sions,
- Author:
- Adams, L.K. Lyon D.Y. and Alvarez, P.J.J,
- Year:
- 2 006
- Bibliographic source:
- Water Research, 40: 3527–3532.
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Toxicity of silicon dioxide particles was studied in water suspensions on Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. Colonies were counted and compared to control plates to calculate percentage growth inhibition. All treatments were prepared in duplicate and repeated on three separate occasions.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Automatically generated during migration to IUCLID 6, no data available
- IUPAC Name:
- Automatically generated during migration to IUCLID 6, no data available
- Details on test material:
- Silicon dioxide particles, 14 nm, 930 nm, and 60 µm initial particle size (Sigma-Aldrich) Actual particle size range in water was: initially 14 nm led to observed range 135–510 nm (average 205 nm), 930nm to 380–605 nm (aver. 480 nm) and 60 µm to range 10–75 µm, (aver. 47µm)).
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- E. coli DH5a and B. subtilis CB310 (courtesy of Dr. Charles Stewart, Rice University, Houston, TX) were maintained on Luria–Bertani (LB) plates. For all experiments, the bacteria were cultivated in a minimal Davis medium (MD). MD is a variation of Davis medium in which the potassiumphosphate concentration was reduced by 90%. This medium consisted of 0.7 g K2HPO4, 0.2 g KH2PO4, 1 g (NH4)2SO4, 0.5 g Nacitrate, 0.1 g MgSO4 7H2O, and 1 g glucose in 1 l of Milli-Qs at pH 7.0. MD medium was chosen as the antibacterial test medium as previous research has shown that other nanosized aggregates precipitate out of suspension in media containing high phosphate concentrations
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Bacillus subtilis
- Details on inoculum:
- toxicity of silicon dioxide particles, in water suspensions on Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative Escherichia coli in light and dark conditions
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 37 Celsius
- pH:
- 7
- Details on test conditions:
- Cultures were diluted to achieve cell concentrations of approximately 103 CFU/ml, spread onto LB plates, and left to grow at 36 1C
for 14–20 h. - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 20 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- 5 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- (averege size: 205 nm)
- Basis for effect:
- other: growth inhibition Addition of SiO2 at 5000ppm resulted in 99% growth reduction of B. subtilis
- Duration:
- 20 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- (averege size: 205 nm)
- Basis for effect:
- other: growth inhibition At 5000 mg/l a 48% reductionof E. coli.
- Details on results:
- The particles were harmful to varying degrees, with antibacterial activity increasing with particle concentration. Advertised particle size did not correspond to true particle size in the test system. Apparently, aggregation produced similarly sized particles that had similar antibacterial activity at a given concentration. Actual particle size range in water was: initially 14 nm led to observed range 135–510 nm (average 205 nm), 930nm to 380–605 nm (aver. 480 nm) and 60 µm to range 10–75 µm, (aver. 47µm)). Relatively high concentrations were required to achieve a reduction in cell growth. Addition of SiO2 (aver size 205 nm) at 5000ppm resulted in 99% growth reduction of B. subtilis and 1000 ppm to 7 ± 4.7%. At 5000 mg/l a 48% reduction and at 500 mg/l reduction of 15±6.4 % of E. coli was observed.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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